L29: Paramyxoviridae (Romero)

Question 1

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) chars.

Answer 1

• highly infectious dz of goats and sheep
• similar to Rinderpest
• wildlife doesn’t play role in its spread
• effects goats more than sheep
• NOT zoonotic
• targets lymphoid and epithelial tissues of GI and resp. tracts

Question 2

trans. of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)

Answer 2

-direct contact (worse in confinement)

Question 3

lesions of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)

Answer 3

• severe conjunctivitis and stomatitis
• abomasum frequently involved**
• Peyer’s patches severely affected
• LI shows severe congestion along the mucosal folds known as “zebra striping”**

Question 4

FINAL Dx of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) performed where?

Answer 4

Plum Island

Question 5

Control of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)

Answer 5

• notifiable
• tx for bacteria/parasites
• vaccinate

Question 6

Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3)

Answer 6

Complex of viral pathogens including: 
-Bovine respiratory syncytial virus
-Bovine herpesvirus-1
-Bovine viral diarrheal virus
-Bovine resp. coronavirus
-Bovine parainfluenza
Accounts for 75% of health problems in cattle!
Trans. by resp. aerosols/fomites
Worldwide

Question 7

CS of Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3)

Answer 7

• coughing, nasal d/c, fever

- immunosuppression –> bronchitis, pneumonia

Question 8

Path. of Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3

Answer 8

• targets epithelial cells of the resp. tract
• induces inflammation and necrosis in lung airways
• impairs mucociliary clearance from airways
• intracytoplasmic/intranuclear inclusion bodies may be present

Question 9

Dx of Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3

Answer 9

isolation/immunofluorescence/RT-PCR/Serology

Question 10

Is BPIV-3 a hemagglutinating virus?**

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

immunological features of Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3

Answer 11

• H,N, and VN Ab develop after infection
• animals may be re-infected
• Colostrum Ab prevent clinical dz
• vax work better in dairy than beef cattle

Question 12

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus chars.

Answer 12

• most common and important cause of lower resp. tract disease in cattle
• occurs worldwide
• more serious in calves
• also effects sheep/goats

Question 13

-most common and important cause of lower resp. tract disease in cattle

Answer 13

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus

Question 14

Path. of Bovine respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 14

• destroys ciliated epithelium of the airways in the lung

- pneumonia, emphysema

Question 15

Dx of Bovine respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 15

-RT-PCR is best**

Question 16

Prevention of Bovine respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 16

-vaccination (won’t completely prevent infection, but will help)

Question 17

Avian metapneumovirus sub-types

Answer 17

A/B: everywhere except USA
C: USA
D: France
-Australia and NZ are free of all sub-types
-Cross-neutralization is possible between sub-types A and B

Question 18

CS of Avian metapneumovirus

Answer 18

Turkeys: nasal d/c, peritonitis, air sacculitis, pneumonia, pericarditis, perihepatitis, etc.
Chickens: swollen head syndrome, swelling of infraorbital sinuses

Question 19

economic impact of Avian metapneumovirus

Answer 19

• poor food conversion
• 2ary bacterial infections
• drop in egg production

Question 20

Dx of Avian metapneumovirus

Answer 20

• detect viral genome
• Ab/Ag detection
• virus isolation

Question 21

Vax against Avian metapneumovirus

Answer 21

Young meat turkeys: live-attenuated

Breeders/Layers: live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines