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Virology (Fall 2014) > L21: Poxviruses (Waltzek) > Flashcards

L21: Poxviruses (Waltzek) Flashcards

1
Q

Poxvirus Virion Architecture

A
  • large dsDNA viruses
  • enveloped
  • parapoxviruses are “brick shaped”
  • very well dx with EM isnce they are so large and complex***
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2
Q

papule vs. macule vs. pustule

A

papule: pigmented area (precursor to macule)
macule: small raised lesion
pustule: larger raised lesion
when any of the above ruptures, forms crust

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3
Q

Poxvirus Dz general chars.***

A
  • epitheliotropic, inducing proliferative lesions (hyperplasia, neoplasia, macule, papule, vesicle, pustule, crust)
  • eosinophilic INTRACYTOPLASMIC inclusions (Bollinger bodies)***
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4
Q

DNA viruses typically induce intracytoplasmic/intranuclear inclusions**

A

intranuclear

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5
Q

Poxvirus host specificity and pathogenesis***

A
  • broad host range
  • ortho and parapoxviruses zoonotic***
  • serious in immunocompromised
  • contains genes for intracytoplasmic existence and immune evasion genes
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6
Q

most important pox viruses in vet med. Why?**

A

capripoxviruses: sheeppox, goatpox, lumpyskin disease viruses
- high mortality, economic loss in young
- morbidity in adults causes loss of milk and/or meat
- expanding in geo. distr.
- notifiable foreign animal diseases

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7
Q

Name 6 genuses of poxviruses in domestic animals. Which are zoonotic?***

A 
Orthopoxvirus (zoonotic) - BROAD
Parapoxvirus (zoonotic) - narrow
Capripoxvirus - narrow
Suipoxvirus - narrow
Leporipoxvirus - narrow
Avipoxvirus - narrow
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8
Q

Genus orthopoxvirus contains which virus(es)? Range?

A

cowpox virus; Europe

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9
Q

Genus parapoxvirus contains which virus(es)? Range?

A

Pseudocowpox virus
Bovine papular stomatitis virus
Orf virus
WORLDWIDE

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10
Q

Genus capripoxvirus contains which virus(es)? Range?

A 
Sheeppox virus (Africa, Asia)
Goatpox virus (Africa, Asia)
Lumpyskin disease virus (Africa)
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11
Q

genus suipoxvirus contains which virus(es)? Range?

A

swinepox (worldwide)

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12
Q

genus leporipoxvirus contains which virus(es)? Range?

A

myxoma virus; Americas, Australia, Europe

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13
Q

genus avipoxvirus contains which virus(es)? Range?

A

fowlpox; Worldwide

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14
Q

reservoir for cowpox

A

rodents

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15
Q

is cowpox zoonotic?

A

Y

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16
Q

what other animal can be infected with cowpox?*** CS?

A

cats. (Cowpox rare in cows, NOT rare in cats since they prey on reservoir rodents!)***
CS: fever, skin lesions

17
Q

Dx of cowpox

A

EM
isolation of virus from cell culture
isolation on chorioallantoic membrane of the chick egg

18
Q

pseudocowpox virus belongs to which genus? Zoonotic?

A

Parapoxvirus. Zoonotic (causes milker’s nodule)

19
Q

pseudocowpox virus chars.

A
  • mild dz in dairy cattle
  • assoc. with poor hygiene
  • can spread to calves during nursing
  • dx by EM
20
Q

pseudocowpox CS

A
  • causes proliferative teat lesions w/ characteristic horseshoe shape*
  • 2ary bacterial mastitis
21
Q

Bovine papular stomatitis virus belongs to which genus? Zoonotic?

A

Parapoxvirus. Y

22
Q

Bovine papular stomatitis chars.

A
  • common incidental infection in beef cattle worldwide
  • effects suckling calves
  • no tx
  • dx by EM
23
Q

Orf belongs to which genus? Zoo?***

A

Parapoxvirus. Y (localized lesions with occasionl lymphadenopathy)

24
Q

Orf general chars.

A
  • occurs in sheep/goat worldwide
  • cause of contagious ecthyma, pustular dermatitis, and sore mouth
  • most common in young lambs; restricts suckling
  • lamb can spread to udder of ewes
  • rapid spread w/n flock
  • resistant in environment
  • recovered animals only immune for few months
25
Q

CS of orf

A
  • lesions at oral mucocutaneous junctions, muzzle/nostrils

- rare systemic spread

26
Q

Dx of Orf

A
  • rapid spread in young animals
  • typical scabs around mouth
  • high morbidity, low mortality
  • EM
27
Q

transmission of capripoxviruses

A
  • respiratory route, direct contact, biting fly vector

- African Buffalo wild reservoir

28
Q

2 forms of sheeppox and goatpox virus

A

1) Malignant
- more common
- depression, fever, nasal d/c, skin lesions on mucosa
2) Benign
- skin lesions only

29
Q

pathogenesis, Dx, Tx, and control of sheeppox/goatpox virus

A

Path: replication in resp. lymph nodes, viremia, 2ary skin lesions
Dx: CS, virus isolation, EM
Tx: supportive
Control: cull, quarantine. Vax not effective.

30
Q

sheeppox, goatpox, lumpyskin disease belong to which genus? Zoo?

A

Capripoxvirus. NO

31
Q

lumpy skin disease vs. sheep/goatpox

A
  • causes similar resp. and skin lesions, lymphadenopathy, edema
  • has higher morbidity (100%) and lower mortality (1-2%)
  • distinguish from pseudolumpy disease, which is a herpesvirus**
32
Q

swinepox CS

A
  • red papules –> raised hard elevations –> crusts

- usually benign with mild fever

33
Q

swinepox transmission/Dx/control

A
  • swine louse vector
  • direct contact uncommon
  • Dx: EM
  • Control: eliminate lice
34
Q

Avipoxvirus chars.

A
  • affects poultry/wild birds
  • fowlpox affects chickens
  • transmitted by arthropods, scabs
  • can persist in environment
35
Q

Fowlpox (type of Avipoxvirus) lesions

A

eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (Bollinger bodies)

Virology (Fall 2014) (15 decks)

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