L25 prevention Flashcards
types of prevention
surveillance
vaccines
types of treatment
anti-viral medication
antibodies
interferons
what is in place for surveillance
WHO have a global alert and response (GAR) system in place according to:
-international health regulations 2005
what are the international helath regulations 2005
notification verification assessment release of emergency status advice
what stage of infection do vaccines block
attachment
how do vaccines block attachment
the bodies produces antibodies against a non-disease causing virion
if infected with virus the antibodies will bind to the receptor binding proteins on the virus stopping attachment
four types of viral vaccines
inactivated whole virion
attenuated whole virion
viral mRNA/ whole protein
viral vector with viral gene
describe an inactivated whole virion vaccine
dead, main or closely related strain
-heated to 60C or treated with chemicals (formalin)
describe attenuated whole virus vaccines
routine culture in unfavourable conditions which causes mutations (loses virulence)
describe a mRNA/whole protein vaccine
encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles or complexed adjuvants
describe a viral vector with a viral gene vaccine
non-replicating or attenuated viral vector
types of vaccine formulations and doses
single (1-3 dose)
combination, different viruses (1-3 doses )
combination, same virus but different types (1 dose)
virus that has a single vaccine
chicken pox
covid
virus that has a combination vaccine for different viruses
MMR
virus that has a combination vaccine for the same virus but different types
influenza
how do antiviral drugs work
analogues or inhibitors of crucial steps in the virus life cycle
- interfere with function of life cycle step or components
- interrupt life cycle
- exhibit selective toxicity
crucial steps antiviral drugs target
entry
genome replication
polyprotein processing
release
components that anti-viral drugs target
RNA/DNA polymerases
nucleotides/sides
viral proteases
which antiviral drug stops HIV envelope-plasma membrane fusion
enfuvirtide (fuseon)
what anti-viral drug inhibit flu virus nucleocapsid release from endosomes
amantadine
