L22 - Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
What are innervates tissue that are not under voluntary control?
- smooth muscle
- glandular tissue
- cardiac muscl
What is the ANS divided into?
- sympathetic - fight or flight
- parasympathetic - rest and digest
What is the organisation of efferent fibres in the sympathetic ANS?
- short preganglioinic fibres
- sympathic gangliom
- long postganglionic fibre
What is the organisation of efferent fibres in the parasympathetic ANS?
- long preganglionic fibres
- parasympathetic ganglion
- short postganglionic
What do preganglionic neurons generally project to in the SANS?
Paravertebral sympathetic chain
What do postganglionic neurons generally send to in the SANS?
Long axonal projection that synapse on the target organ
What do preganglionic neurons generally send to in the PANS?
Long axonal projection to parasympathetic ganglia
- in or near target organ
What do postganglionic neurons generally send to in the PANS?
Short axonal projection which synapse on target organ
What does the sympathetic division to the body? (10)
- dilates pupil
- inhibits salivation and tearing
- constrict blood vessels
- relaxes airway
- accelarates hearbeat
- stimulates glucose prod and release
- inhibits digestion
- stimulates secretions of (nor)epinephrine from adrenal medulla
- relaxes urinary bladder
- stimulates orgasm
What does the parasympathetic division to the body? (9)
- constricts pupil
- stimulates salivation and tears
- constricts airways
- slows hearbeat
- stimulates digestion
- stimulates pancreas to release insulin/digestive enzymes
- dilates blood vessels in gut
- stimulates urinary bladder to contract
- stimulates sexual arousal
What are somatic efferent neurotransmitters and receptors like in the ANS?
Pre - Ach - NIC
Skeletal muscle
What are sympathethic neurotransmitters and receptors like in the ANS?
Pre - ACh - NIC
NA - Adr
- Heart, blood vessels, etc.
What are exceptions to the sympathetic neurotransmitters and receptors in the ANS?
Sweat glands
Pre - ACh - NIC
ACh - Musc
Adrenal medulla
Pre - Ach - NIC
What are parasympathetic neurotransmitters and receptors like in the ANS?
Pre - ACh - NIC
ACh - Musc
- Hear, smooth muscle, sweat glands, etc
What type of receptors are adrenoceptors and muscarinic receptors?
G-protein-coupled
What are the different ypes of G-protein-coupled receptors?
- Gs-coupled
- Gi/Go-coupled
- Gq-coupled
What do Gs-coupled receptors do?
activate adenylate cyclase
- production to cAMP
What does Gi/Go coupled receptors?
Inhibits adenylate cyclase
- also effects on ion channels
What do Gq-coupled receptors do?
activate phospholipase C
- production of IP3
What are the different types of adrenoceptor subtypes?
- alpha
- beta
What are the agonist and antagonists of alpha adrenoceptors?
- NA>A
- phenotalime
What are the agonist and antagonists of beta adrenoceptors?
- A>NA
- propanolol
What are the subtypes of alpha adrenoceptors?
- alpha1
- alpha2
What is the coupling and main actions of alpha1?
- inc in PLC and IP3
- vasoconstriction
- relaxes GI tract
What is the coupling and main actions of alpha2?
- dec adenylate cyclase
- inhibits NA release
What are the subtypes of beta adrenoceptors?
- beta1
- beta2
- beta3
What is the coupling and main actions of beta1, 2 and 3?
- inc adenylate cyclase
- inc heart rate
- bronchodilation, vasodilation
- lipolysis
What are the different subtypes of muscarinic receptors?
- M-1
- M-2
- M-3
What type, location and coupling does M-1 have?
- neural
- CNS
- inc IP3
What type, location and coupling does M-2 have?
- cardiac
- heart
- dec cAMP
What type, location and coupling does M-3 have?
- glandular
- smooth muscle
- inc IP3
