L20 Flashcards
superstructure
[‘sju:pə,strʌktʃə] n. 上层建筑；上部构造
Noun.1 a : an entity, concept, or complex based on a more fundamental one b : social institutions (as the law or politics) that are in Marxist theory erected upon the economic base
2 : a structure built as a vertical extension of something else: as a : all of a building above the basement b : the structural part of a ship above the main deck
supplant
[sə’plɑ:nt, -‘plænt] vt. 代替；排挤掉
vt.1 : to supersede (another) especially by force or treachery
2 a (1) obsolete : UPROOT (2) : to eradicate and supply a substitute for efforts to supplant the vernacular b : to take the place of and serve as a substitute for especially by reason of superior excellence or power
synonyms see REPLACE
supple
[‘sʌpl] adj. 柔软的；灵活的；顺从的；易弯曲的；逢迎的
vt. 使柔软；使顺从
vi. 变柔顺；变柔软
Adj.1 a : compliant often to the point of obsequiousness b : readily adaptable or responsive to new situations
2 a : capable of being bent or folded without creases, cracks, or breaks : PLIANT supple leather b : able to perform bending or twisting movements with ease : LIMBER supple legs of a dancer c : easy and fluent without stiffness or awkwardness sang with a lively, supple voice ?Douglas Watt
synonyms see ELASTIC
transitive verb
1 : to make pacific or complaisant supple the tempers of your race ?Laurence Sterne
2 : to alleviate with a salve
3 : to make flexible or pliant
intransitive verb : to become soft and pliant
supplement
[‘sʌplimənt, ‘sʌpləment] n. 补充，补遗；补充物；附录
vt. 补充，增补
Noun.1 a : something that completes or makes an addition b : DIETARY SUPPLEMENT
2 : a part added to or issued as a continuation of a book or periodical to correct errors or make additions
3 : an angle or arc that when added to a given angle or arc equals 180*
vt.: to add or serve as a supplement to does odd jobs to supplement his income
supplementary
[,sʌpli’mentəri] adj. 补充的；追加的
n. 补充者；增补物
Adj.1 : added or serving as a supplement : ADDITIONAL supplementary reading
2 : being or relating to a supplement or a supplementary angle
suppliant
[‘sʌpliənt] adj. 恳求的；哀求的
n. 恳求者；哀求者
Noun.: SUPPLICANT
Adj.1 : humbly imploring : ENTREATING a suppliant sinner seeking forgiveness ?O. J. Baab
2 : expressing supplication upraised to the heavensTsuppliant arms ?William Styron
supportive
[sə’pɔ:tiv] adj. 支持的；支援的；赞助的
vt.1 : to endure bravely or quietly : BEAR
2 a (1) : to promote the interests or cause of (2) : to uphold or defend as valid or right : ADVOCATE supports fair play (3) : to argue or vote for supported the motion to lower taxes b (1) : ASSIST, HELP bombers supported the ground troops (2) : to act with (a star actor) (3) : to bid in bridge so as to show support for c : to provide with substantiation : CORROBORATE support an alibi
3 a : to pay the costs of : MAINTAIN support a family b : to provide a basis for the existence or subsistence of the island could probably support three ?A. B. C. Whipple support a habit
4 a : to hold up or serve as a foundation or prop for b : to maintain (a price) at a desired level by purchases or loans; also : to maintain the price of by purchases or loans
5 : to keep from fainting, yielding, or losing courage : COMFORT
6 : to keep (something) going
suppress
[sə’pres] vt. 抑制；镇压；废止
vt.1 : to put down by authority or force : SUBDUE suppress a riot
2 : to keep from public knowledge: as a : to keep secret b : to stop or prohibit the publication or revelation of suppress the test results
3 a : to exclude from consciousness b : to keep from giving vent to : CHECK suppressed her anger
4 obsolete : to press down
5 a : to restrain from a usual course or action suppress a cough b : to inhibit the growth or development of
6 : to inhibit the genetic expression of suppress a mutation
surly
[‘sə:li] adj. 乖戾的；板面孔的，无礼的；阴沉的
Adj.1 : menacing or threatening in appearance surly weather
2 obsolete : ARROGANT, IMPERIOUS
3 : irritably sullen and churlish in mood or manner : CRABBED
synonyms see SULLEN
surmise
[‘sə:maiz, sə:’maiz] vt. 猜测；推测
vi. 猜测；认为
n. 推测；猜度
Noun.: a thought or idea based on scanty evidence : CONJECTURE
vt.: to form a notion of from scanty evidence : IMAGINE, INFER
surmount
[sə:’maunt] vt. 克服，越过；战胜
vt.1 obsolete : to surpass in quality or attainment : EXCEL
2 : to prevail over : OVERCOME surmount an obstacle
3 : to get to the top of : CLIMB
4 : to stand or lie at the top of
surpass
[sə’pɑ:s, -‘pæs] vt. 超越；胜过，优于；非…所能办到或理解
vt.1 : to become better, greater, or stronger than : EXCEED surpassed her rivals surpassed all expectations
2 : to go beyond : OVERSTEP
3 : to transcend the reach, capacity, or powers of a beauty that surpasses description
synonyms see EXCEED
surrender
[sə’rendə] vt. 使投降；放弃；交出；听任
vi. 投降；屈服；自首
n. 投降；放弃；交出；屈服
Transitive verb
1 a : to yield to the power, control, or possession of another upon compulsion or demand surrendered the fort b : to give up completely or agree to forgo especially in favor of another
2 a : to give (oneself) up into the power of another especially as a prisoner b : to give (oneself) over to something (as an influence)
intransitive verb : to give oneself up into the power of another : YIELD
synonyms see RELINQUISH
Noun.1 a : the action of yielding one’s person or giving up the possession of something especially into the power of another b : the relinquishment by a patentee of rights or claims under a patent c : the delivery of a principal into lawful custody by bail ? called also surrender by bail d : the voluntary cancellation of the legal liability of an insurance company by the insured and beneficiary for a consideration e : the delivery of a fugitive from justice by one government to another
2 : an instance of surrendering
surreptitious
[,sʌrəp’tiʃəs, ,sə:-] adj. 秘密的；鬼鬼祟祟的；暗中的
Adj.1 : done, made, or acquired by stealth : CLANDESTINE
2 : acting or doing something clandestinely : STEALTHY a surreptitious glance
synonyms see SECRET
surrogate
[‘sʌrəɡeit, -ɡit, ‘sə:-] n. 代理；代用品；遗嘱检验法官
vt. 代理；指定某人为自己的代理人
adj. 代理的；替代的
Vt,: to put in the place of another: a : to appoint as successor, deputy, or substitute for oneself b : SUBSTITUTE
Noun.1 a : one appointed to act in place of another : DEPUTY b : a local judicial officer in some states (as New York) who has jurisdiction over the probate of wills, the settlement of estates, and the appointment and supervision of guardians
2 : one that serves as a substitute
3 : SURROGATE MOTHER
surveillance
sə’veɪl(ə)ns; -‘veɪəns] n. 监督；监视
Noun. : close watch kept over someone or something (as by a detective); also : SUPERVISION
survive
[sə’vaiv] vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于；比…活得长
vi. 幸存；活下来
Intransitive verb
1 : to remain alive or in existence : live on
2 : to continue to function or prosper
transitive verb
1 : to remain alive after the death of he is survived by his wife
2 : to continue to exist or live after survived the earthquake
3 : to continue to function or prosper despite : WITHSTAND they survived many hardships
survivor
[sə’vaivə] n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物
Noun. : one that survives: a : one that outlives another : one remaining alive after another’s death b : one of two or more legally designated persons (as joint tenants or holders of a joint interest) who outlives one or more of the others c : one living through a time, event, or development marked by the death of others interviewed survivors of the air raid d : one continuing to exist, function, or compete after others have ceased to do so survivors of the first heat only survivor of six newspapers founded in the 19th century
susceptible
[sə’septəbl] adj. 易受影响的；易感动的；容许…的
n. 易得病的人
Adj.1 : capable of submitting to an action, process, or operation a theory susceptible to proof
2 : open, subject, or unresistant to some stimulus, influence, or agency susceptible to pneumonia
3 : IMPRESSIONABLE, RESPONSIVE a susceptible mind
synonyms see LIABLE
suspend
[sə’spend] vt. 延缓，推迟；使暂停；使悬浮
vi. 悬浮；[体]禁赛
Transitive verb
1 : to debar temporarily especially from a privilege, office, or function suspend a student from school
2 a : to cause to stop temporarily suspend bus service b : to set aside or make temporarily inoperative suspend the rules
3 : to defer to a later time on specified conditions suspend sentence
4 : to hold in an undetermined or undecided state awaiting further information suspend judgment suspend disbelief
5 a : HANG; especially : to hang so as to be free on all sides except at the point of support suspend a ball by a thread b : to keep from falling or sinking by some invisible support (as buoyancy) dust suspended in the air c : to put or hold in suspension suspended sediment
6 a : to keep fixed or lost (as in wonder or contemplation) b : to keep waiting in suspense or indecision
7 : to hold (a musical note) over into the following chord
intransitive verb
1 : to cease operation temporarily
2 : to stop payment or fail to meet obligations
3 : HANG
synonyms see DEFER
suspense
[sə’spens] n. 悬念；悬疑；焦虑；悬而不决
Noun.1 : the state of being suspended : SUSPENSION
2 a : mental uncertainty : ANXIETY b : pleasant excitement as to a decision or outcome a novel of suspense
3 : the state or character of being undecided or doubtful : INDECISIVENESS
suspension
[sə’spenʃən] n. 悬浮；暂停；停职
Noun.1 : the act of suspending : the state or period of being suspended: as a : temporary removal (as from office or privileges) b : temporary withholding (as of belief or decision) c : temporary abrogation of a law or rule d (1) : the holding over of one or more musical tones of a chord into the following chord producing a momentary discord and suspending the concord which the ear expects; specifically : such a dissonance which resolves downward ? compare ANTICIPATION, RETARDATION (2) : the tone thus held over e : stoppage of payment of business obligations : FAILURE ? used especially of a business or a bank f : a rhetorical device whereby the principal idea is deferred to the end of a sentence or longer unit
2 a : the act of hanging : the state of being hung b (1) : the state of a substance when its particles are mixed with but undissolved in a fluid or solid (2) : a substance in this state (3) : a system consisting of a solid dispersed in a solid, liquid, or gas usually in particles of larger than colloidal size ? compare EMULSION
3 : something suspended
4 : the means by which something is suspended; especially : the system of devices (as springs) supporting the upper part of a vehicle on the axles
suspicious
[sə’spiʃəs] adj. 可疑的；怀疑的；多疑的
Adj.1 : tending to arouse suspicion : QUESTIONABLE suspicious characters
2 : disposed to suspect : DISTRUSTFUL suspicious of strangers
3 : expressing or indicative of suspicion a suspicious glance
sustain
[sə’stein] vt. 维持；支撑，承担；忍受；供养；证实
vt.1 : to give support or relief to
2 : to supply with sustenance : NOURISH
3 : KEEP UP, PROLONG
4 : to support the weight of : PROP; also : to carry or withstand (a weight or pressure)
5 : to buoy up sustained by hope
6 a : to bear up under b : SUFFER, UNDERGO sustained heavy losses
7 a : to support as true, legal, or just b : to allow or admit as valid the court sustained the motion
8 : to support by adequate proof : CONFIRM testimony that sustains our contention
Noun.: a musical effect that prolongs a note’s resonance utilizing heavy sustain on his guitar ?Bill Dahl
swampy
[‘swɔmpi, ‘swɔ:-] adj. 沼泽的；湿地的；沼泽多的；松软的
Adj.: consisting of, suggestive of, or resembling swamp : MARSHY
sweep
[swi:p] vt. 扫除；猛拉；掸去
vi. 扫，打扫；席卷；扫视；袭击
n. 打扫，扫除；范围；全胜
Transitive verb
1 a : to remove from a surface with or as if with a broom or brush swept the crumbs from the table b : to destroy completely : WIPE OUT ? usually used with away everything she cherished, might be swept away overnight ?Louis Bromfield c : to remove or take with a single continuous forceful action swept the books off the desk d : to remove from sight or consideration the problem can’t be swept under the rug e : to drive or carry along with irresistible force a wave of protest that swept the opposition into office
2 a : to clean with or as if with a broom or brush b : to clear by repeated and forcible action c : to move across or along swiftly, violently, or overwhelmingly fire swept the business district ?American Guide Series: Maryland d : to win an overwhelming victory in or on sweep the elections e : to win all the games or contests of sweep a double-header sweep a series
3 : to touch in passing with a swift continuous movement
4 : to trace or describe the locus or extent of (as a line, circle, or angle)
5 : to cover the entire range of his eyes swept the horizon
intransitive verb
1 a : to clean a surface with or as if with a broom b : to move swiftly, forcefully, or devastatingly the wind swept through the treetops
2 : to go with stately or sweeping movements proudly swept into the room
3 : to move or extend in a wide curve or range
Noun.1 : something that sweeps or works with a sweeping motion: as a : a long pole or timber pivoted on a tall post and used to raise and lower a bucket in a well b : a triangular cultivator blade that cuts off weeds under the soil surface c : a windmill sail
2 a : an instance of sweeping; especially : a clearing out or away with or as if with a broom b : the removal from the table in one play in casino of all the cards by pairing or combining c : an overwhelming victory d : a winning of all the contests or prizes in a competition e : a wide-ranging search of an area (as by police)
3 a : a movement of great range and force b : a curving or circular course or line c : the compass of a sweeping movement : SCOPE d : a broad unbroken area or extent a sweep of wildflowers e : an end run in football in which one or more linemen pull back and run interference for the ballcarrier
4 : CHIMNEY SWEEP
5 : SWEEPSTAKES
6 : obliquity with respect to a reference line sweep of an airplane wing; especially : SWEEPBACK
7 plural : a television ratings period during which surveys are taken to determine advertising rates
synonyms see RANGE
swift
[swift] n. 褐雨燕
adj. 快的；迅速的；敏捷的；立刻的
adv. 迅速地
Adj.1 : moving or capable of moving with great speed a swift runner
2 : occurring suddenly or within a very short time a swift transition
3 : quick to respond : READY
synonyms see FAST
Adv. : SWIFTLY swift-flowing
Noun.1 : any of several lizards (especially of the genus Sceloporus) that run swiftly
2 : a reel for winding yarn or thread
3 : any of numerous small plainly colored birds (family Apodidae) that are related to the hummingbirds but superficially much resemble swallows
sycophant
[‘sikəfənt, -fænt] n. 谄媚者；奉承者
adj. 奉承的；拍马的
Noun.: a servile self-seeking flatterer
synonyms see PARASITE
syllable
[‘siləbl] n. 音节
vt. 划分音节
vi. 按音节发音；讲话
Noun.1 : a unit of spoken language that is next bigger than a speech sound and consists of one or more vowel sounds alone or of a syllabic consonant alone or of either with one or more consonant sounds preceding or following
2 : one or more letters (as syl, la, and ble) in a word (as sylylayble) usually set off from the rest of the word by a centered dot or a hyphen and roughly corresponding to the syllables of spoken language and treated as helps to pronunciation or as guides to placing hyphens at the end of a line
3 : the smallest conceivable expression or unit of something : JOT
4 : SOL-FA SYLLABLES
vt.1 : to give a number or arrangement of syllables to (a word or verse)
2 : to express or utter in or as if in syllables
symbiosis
[,sɪmbɪ’əʊsɪs; -baɪ-] n. [生态] 共生；合作关系；共栖
Noun.1 : the living together in more or less intimate association or close union of two dissimilar organisms (as in parasitism or commensalism); especially : MUTUALISM
2 : a cooperative relationship (as between two persons or groups) the symbiosisTbetween the resident population and the immigrants ?John Geipel
symbolic
[sim’bɔlik] adj. 象征的；[语]符号的；使用符号的
Adj.1 a : using, employing, or exhibiting a symbol b : consisting of or proceeding by means of symbols
2 : of, relating to, or constituting a symbol
3 : characterized by or terminating in symbols symbolic thinking
4 : characterized by symbolism a symbolic dance
symbolize
[‘simbəlaiz] vt. 象征；用符号表现
vi. 采用象征；使用符号；作为…的象征
Transitive verb
1 : to serve as a symbol of
2 : to represent, express, or identify by a symbol
intransitive verb : to use symbols or symbolism
symmetrical
[si’metrikəl] adj. 匀称的，对称的
Adj.1 : having, involving, or exhibiting symmetry
2 : having corresponding points whose connecting lines are bisected by a given point or perpendicularly bisected by a given line or plane symmetrical curves
3 symmetric : being such that the terms or variables may be interchanged without altering the value, character, or truth symmetric equations R is a symmetric relation if aRb implies bRa
4 a : capable of division by a longitudinal plane into similar halves symmetrical plant parts b : having the same number of members in each whorl of floral leaves symmetrical flowers
5 : affecting corresponding parts simultaneously and similarly symmetrical rash
6 : exhibiting symmetry in a structural formula; especially : being a derivative with groups substituted symmetrically in the molecule
symmetry
[‘simitri] n. 对称（性）；整齐，匀称
Noun.1 : balanced proportions; also : beauty of form arising from balanced proportions
2 : the property of being symmetrical; especially : correspondence in size, shape, and relative position of parts on opposite sides of a dividing line or median plane or about a center or axis ? compare BILATERAL SYMMETRY, RADIAL SYMMETRY
3 : a rigid motion of a geometric figure that determines a one-to-one mapping onto itself
4 : the property of remaining invariant under certain changes (as of orientation in space, of the sign of the electric charge, of parity, or of the direction of time flow) ? used of physical phenomena and of equations describing them
sympathetic
[,simpə’θetik] adj. 同情的；[解]交感神经的；[物]共鸣的；赞同的；和谐的；合意的
n. 交感神经；容易感受的人
Adj.1 : existing or operating through an affinity, interdependence, or mutual association
2 a : appropriate to one’s mood, inclinations, or disposition b : marked by kindly or pleased appreciation the biographer’s approach was sympathetic
3 : given to, marked by, or arising from sympathy, compassion, friendliness, and sensitivity to others’ emotions a sympathetic gesture
4 : favorably inclined : APPROVING not sympathetic to the idea
5 a : showing empathy b : arousing sympathy or compassion a sympathetic role in the play
6 a : of or relating to the sympathetic nervous system b : mediated by or acting on the sympathetic nerves
7 : relating to musical tones produced by sympathetic vibration or to strings so tuned as to sound by sympathetic vibration
Noun.: a sympathetic structure; especially : SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
symptomatic
[,simptə’mætik] adj. 有症状的；症候的
Adj.1 a : being a symptom of a disease b : having the characteristics of a particular disease but arising from another cause symptomatic epilepsy resulting from brain damage
2 : concerned with, affecting, or having symptoms symptomatic treatment a symptomatic patient
3 : CHARACTERISTIC, INDICATIVE his behavior was symptomatic of his character
synchronization
[,siŋkrənai’zeiʃən, ,sin-, -ni’z-] n. 同步；同时性
Noun.1 : the act or result of synchronizing
2 : the state of being synchronous
synchronous
[‘siŋkrənəs] adj. 同步的；同时的
Adj.1 : happening, existing, or arising at precisely the same time
2 : recurring or operating at exactly the same periods
3 : involving or indicating synchronism
4 a : having the same period; also : having the same period and phase b : GEOSTATIONARY
5 : of, used in, or being digital communication (as between computers) in which a common timing signal is established that dictates when individual bits can be transmitted and which allows for very high rates of data transfer
synonyms see CONTEMPORARY
synergic
[si’nə:dʒik] adj. 合作的，协作的
Adj.: working together : COOPERATING synergic muscles
synonymous
[si’nɔniməs] adj. 同义的；同义词的；同义突变的
Adj.1 : having the character of a synonym; also : alike in meaning or significance
2 : having the same connotations, implications, or reference to runners, Boston is synonymous with marathon ?Runners World
synoptic
[si’nɔptik] adj. 天气的；概要的；对观福音书的
Adj.1 : affording a general view of a whole
2 : manifesting or characterized by comprehensiveness or breadth of view
3 : presenting or taking the same or common view; specifically often capitalized : of or relating to the first three Gospels of the New Testament
4 : relating to or displaying conditions (as of the atmosphere or weather) as they exist simultaneously over a broad area
synthesis
[‘sinθisis] n. 综合，合成；综合体
Noun.1 a : the composition or combination of parts or elements so as to form a whole b : the production of a substance by the union of chemical elements, groups, or simpler compounds or by the degradation of a complex compound c : the combining of often diverse conceptions into a coherent whole; also : the complex so formed
2 a : deductive reasoning b : the dialectic combination of thesis and antithesis into a higher stage of truth
3 : the frequent and systematic use of inflected forms as a characteristic device of a language
synthesize
[‘sinθisaiz] vt. 合成；综合
vi. 合成；综合
Transitive verb
1 : to combine or produce by synthesis
2 : to make a synthesis of
3 : to produce (as music) by an electronic synthesizer
intransitive verb : to make a synthesis
systematic
[,sisti’mætik] adj. 系统的；体系的；有系统的；分类的
Adj.1 : relating to or consisting of a system
2 : presented or formulated as a coherent body of ideas or principles systematic thought
3 a : methodical in procedure or plan a systematic approach a systematic scholar b : marked by thoroughness and regularity systematic efforts
4 : of, relating to, or concerned with classification; specifically : TAXONOMIC
tacit
[‘tæsit] adj. 缄默的；不言而喻的
Adj.1 : expressed or carried on without words or speech the blush was a tacit answer ?Bram Stoker
2 : implied or indicated (as by an act or by silence) but not actually expressed tacit consent tacit admission of guilt
tact
[tækt] n. 机智；老练；圆滑；鉴赏力
Noun.1 : sensitive mental or aesthetic perception converted the novel into a play with remarkable skill and tact
2 : a keen sense of what to do or say in order to maintain good relations with others or avoid offense
synonyms TACT, ADDRESS, POISE, SAVOIR FAIRE mean skill and grace in dealing with others. TACT implies delicate and considerate perception of what is appropriate questions showing a lack of tact. ADDRESS stresses dexterity and grace in dealing with new and trying situations and may imply success in attaining one’s ends brought it off with remarkable address. POISE may imply both tact and address but stresses self-possession and ease in meeting difficult situations answered the accusations with unruffled poise. SAVOIR FAIRE is likely to stress worldly experience and a sure awareness of what is proper or expedient the savoir faire of a seasoned traveler.
tactile
[‘tæktail, -til] adj. 触觉的，有触觉的；能触知的
Adj.1 : perceptible by touch : TANGIBLE
2 : of, relating to, or being the sense of touch
talent
[‘tælənt] n. 才能；天才；天资
Noun.1 a : any of several ancient units of weight b : a unit of value equal to the value of a talent of gold or silver
2 archaic : a characteristic feature, aptitude, or disposition of a person or animal
3 : the natural endowments of a person
4 a : a special often creative or artistic aptitude b : general intelligence or mental power : ABILITY
5 : a person of talent or a group of persons of talent in a field or activity
synonyms see GIFT
talented
[‘tæləntid] adj. 有才能的；多才的
Adj.: having talent : possessing special aptitude : mentally gifted : ACCOMPLISHED a talented musician our most talented and successful chronicler of the upper middle class?Taliaferro Boatwright talented young actors
tangential
[tæn’dʒenʃəl] adj. 切线的，正切的；离题的，扯远的
n. 正切，切线
Adj.1 : of, relating to, or of the nature of a tangent
2 : acting along or lying in a tangent tangential forces
3 a : DIVERGENT, DIGRESSIVE b : touching lightly : INCIDENTAL, PERIPHERAL tangential involvement; also : of little relevance arguments tangential to the main point
tangible
[‘tændʒəbl] adj. 有形的；切实的；可触摸的
n. 有形资产
Adj.1 a : capable of being perceived especially by the sense of touch : PALPABLE b : substantially real : MATERIAL
2 : capable of being precisely identified or realized by the mind her grief was tangible
3 : capable of being appraised at an actual or approximate value tangible assets
synonyms see PERCEPTIBLE
Noun.: something tangible; especially : a tangible asset
tangle
[‘tæŋɡl] n. 纠纷；混乱状态
vt. 使纠缠；处于混乱状态
vi. 缠结；乱作一团
Transitive verb
1 : to involve so as to hamper, obstruct, or embarrass
2 : to seize and hold in or as if in a snare : ENTRAP
3 : to unite or knit together in intricate confusion
intransitive verb
1 : to interact in a contentious or conflicting way
2 : to become entangled
Noun.1 : a tangled twisted mass : SNARL
2 a : a complicated or confused state or condition b : a state of perplexity or complete bewilderment
3 : a serious altercation : DISPUTE
4 : NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLE
Noun.: a large seaweed
tantalize
[‘tæntəlaiz] vt. 逗弄；使干着急
vi. 逗弄人；令人干着急
Transitive verb : to tease or torment by or as if by presenting something desirable to the view but continually keeping it out of reach
intransitive verb : to cause one to be tantalized
tantamount
[‘tæntəmaunt] adj. 同等的；相当于…的
Adj.: equivalent in value, significance, or effect a relationship tantamount to marriage
tapering
[‘teipəriŋ] adj. 尖端细的；渐渐减少的
v. 逐渐变尖细；逐渐减少（taper的ing形式）
tardy
[‘tɑ:di] adj. 缓慢的，迟缓的；迟到的
n. 迟到
Adj.1 : moving slowly : SLUGGISH the tardy pace at which she was obliged to walk ?Charles Dickens
2 : delayed beyond the expected or proper time : LATE a tardy arrival
Noun.: an instance of being tardy (as to a class)
tarnish
[‘tɑ:niʃ] n. 晦暗，无光泽；污点
vt. 玷污；使……失去光泽；使……变灰暗
vi. 失去光泽；被玷污；变灰暗
Transitive verb
1 : to dull or destroy the luster of by or as if by air, dust, or dirt : SOIL, STAIN
2 a : to detract from the good quality of : VITIATE his fine dreams now slightly tarnished b : to bring disgrace on : SULLY the scandal has tarnished his reputation
intransitive verb : to become tarnished
Noun.: something that tarnishes; especially : a film of chemically altered material on the surface of a metal (as silver)
tasteless
[‘teistlis] adj. 无味的；无鉴赏力的
Adj. a : having no taste : INSIPID tasteless vegetables b : arousing no interest : DULL the tale comes to a flat and tasteless end ?R. C. Carpenter
2 : not having or exhibiting good taste a tasteless joke
taunt
[tɔ:nt, tɑ:nt] n. 嘲弄；讥讽 vt. 奚落；逗弄 adj. 很高的 Noun. : a sarcastic challenge or insult vt.: to reproach or challenge in a mocking or insulting manner : jeer at synonyms see RIDICULE
taut
[tɔ:t] adj. 拉紧的；紧张的；整洁的
vt. 使纠缠；使缠结
Adj.1 a : having no give or slack : tightly drawn a taut rope b : HIGH-STRUNG, TENSE taut nerves
2 a : kept in proper order or condition a taut ship b (1) : not loose or flabby taut muscles (2) : marked by economy of structure and detail a taut story
vt.Scottish : MAT, TANGLE
