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L11 Flashcards

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2
Q

impervious

A

[im’pə:viəs] adj. 不受影响的，无动于衷的；不能渗透的
Adj.1 a : not allowing entrance or passage : IMPENETRABLE a coat impervious to rain b : not capable of being damaged or harmed a carpet impervious to rough treatment
2 : not capable of being affected or disturbed impervious to criticism

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3
Q

impetuous

A

[im’petjuəs] adj. 冲动的；鲁莽的；猛烈的
Adj.1 : marked by impulsive vehemence or passion an impetuous temperament
2 : marked by force and violence of movement or action an impetuous wind
synonyms see PRECIPITATE

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4
Q

impiety

A

[im’paiəti] n. 不虔诚；不尊敬；无信仰；无信心
n.1 : the quality or state of being impious : IRREVERENCE
2 : an impious act

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5
Q

implausible

A

[im’plɔ:zəbl] adj. 难以置信的，不像真实的

Adj.: not plausible : provoking disbelief

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6
Q

implement

A

[‘implimənt, ‘impliment] vt. 实施，执行；实现，使生效
n. 工具，器具；手段
n.1 : an article serving to equip the implements of religious worship
2 : a device used in the performance of a task : TOOL, UTENSIL
3 : one that serves as an instrument or tool the partnership agreement does not seem to be a very potent implement — H. B. Hoffman
synonyms IMPLEMENT, TOOL, INSTRUMENT, APPLIANCE, UTENSIL

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7
Q

implication

A

[,impli’keiʃən] n. 含义；暗示；牵连，卷入
n.1 a : the act of implicating : the state of being implicated b : close connection; especially : an incriminating involvement
2 a : the act of implying : the state of being implied b (1) : a logical relation between two propositions that fails to hold only if the first is true and the second is false — see TRUTH TABLE table (2) : a logical relationship between two propositions in which if the first is true the second is true (3) : a statement exhibiting a relation of implication
3 : something implied: as a : SUGGESTION b : a possible significance the book has political implications

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8
Q

imply

A

[im’plai] vt. 意味；暗示；隐含
vt.1 obsolete : ENFOLD, ENTWINE
2 : to involve or indicate by inference, association, or necessary consequence rather than by direct statement rights imply obligations
3 : to contain potentially
4 : to express indirectly his silence implied consent
synonyms see SUGGEST
usage see INFER

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9
Q

impolitic

A

[im’pɔlətik] adj. 失策的；不明智的

Adj.: not politic : UNWISE

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10
Q

imponderable

A

[ɪm’pɑndərəbl]
adj. 无重量的；无法计算的
n. 无法衡量的事物
Adj. : not ponderable : incapable of being weighed or evaluated with exactness the imponderable beauties of Beethoven’sTsonatas — Cecelia Porter

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11
Q

impose

A

[ɪm’poz]
vi. 利用；欺骗；施加影响
vt. 强加；征税；以…欺骗
Transitive verb
1 a : to establish or apply by authority impose a tax impose new restrictions impose penalties b : to establish or bring about as if by force those limits imposed by our own inadequacies — C. H. Plimpton
2 a : PLACE, SET b : to arrange (as pages) in the proper order for printing
3 : PASS OFF impose fake antiques on the public
4 : to force into the company or on the attention of another impose oneself on others
intransitive verb : to take unwarranted advantage of something imposed on his good nature

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12
Q

impostor

A

[ɪm’pɒstə] n. 骗子；冒充者

n. : one that assumes false identity or title for the purpose of deception

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13
Q

imposture

A

[im’pɔstʃə] n. 欺诈，欺骗；冒牌
n.1 : the act or practice of deceiving by means of an assumed character or name
2 : an instance of imposture
synonyms IMPOSTURE, FRAUD, SHAM, FAKE, HUMBUG, COUNTERFEIT mean a thing made to seem other than it is. IMPOSTURE applies to any situation in which a spurious object or performance is passed off as genuine their claim of environmental concern is an imposture. FRAUD usually implies a deliberate perversion of the truth the diary was exposed as a fraud. SHAM applies to fraudulent imitation of a real thing or action condemned the election as a sham. FAKE implies an imitation of or substitution for the genuine but does not necessarily imply dishonesty these jewels are fakes; the real ones are in the vault. HUMBUG suggests elaborate pretense usually so flagrant as to be transparent creating publicity by foisting humbugs on a gullible public. COUNTERFEIT applies especially to the close imitation of something valuable 20-dollar bills that were counterfeits.

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14
Q

impound

A

[ɪm’paʊnd]
vt. 没收；拘留；将…关在圈中
vt.1 a : to shut up in or as if in a pound : CONFINE b : to seize and hold in the custody of the law c : to take possession of she was dismissed and her manuscript impounded — Jonathan Weiner
2 : to collect and confine (water) in or as if in a reservoir

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15
Q

impracticable

A

[ɪm’præktɪkəb(ə)l] adj. 行不通的；不能实行的
Adj.1 : IMPASSABLE an impracticable road
2 : not practicable : incapable of being performed or accomplished by the means employed or at command an impracticable proposal

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16
Q

impractical

A

[im’præktikəl] adj. 不切实际的，不现实的；不能实行的
Adj. : not practical: as a : not wise to put into or keep in practice or effect b : incapable of dealing sensibly or prudently with practical matters c : IMPRACTICABLE d : IDEALISTIC

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17
Q

imprecise

A

[,impri’sais] adj. 不精确的；不严密的；不确切的

Adj.: not precise : INEXACT, VAGUE an imprecise estimate

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18
Q

impress

A

[im’pres, ‘impres] vt. 盖印；强征；传送；给予某人深刻印象
vi. 给人印象
n. 印象，印记；特征，痕迹
A.transitive verb
1 a : to apply with pressure so as to imprint b : to produce (as a mark) by pressure c : to mark by or as if by pressure or stamping
2 a : to produce a vivid impression of b : to affect especially forcibly or deeply : gain the admiration or interest of her honesty impressed us
3 : TRANSFER, TRANSMIT
intransitive verb : to produce an impression
synonyms see AFFECT
B.n.1 : a characteristic or distinctive mark : STAMP the impress of a fresh and vital intelligence is stampedTin his work — Lytton Strachey
2 : IMPRESSION, EFFECT have an impress on history
3 : the act of impressing
4 a : a mark made by pressure : IMPRINT b : an image of something formed by or as if by pressure; especially : SEAL c : a product of pressure or influence
C.vt.1 : to levy or take by force for public service; especially : to force into naval service
2 a : to procure or enlist by forcible persuasion b : FORCE impressed him into a white coat for the Christmas festivities — Nancy Hale
D.n. : IMPRESSMENT

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19
Q

impressionable

A

[ɪm’preʃ(ə)nəb(ə)l] adj. 敏感的；易受影响的

Adj. : capable of being easily impressed

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20
Q

impressive

A

[im’presiv] adj. 感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的
Adj.: making or tending to make a marked impression : having the power to excite attention, awe, or admiration an impressive display of skill

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21
Q

impromptu

A

[im’prɔmptju:] n. 即兴曲；即席演出
adv. 即席地
adj. 即席的
n.1 : something that is impromptu
2 : a musical composition suggesting improvisation
Adj.1 : made, done, or formed on or as if on the spur of the moment : IMPROVISED
2 : composed or uttered without previous preparation : EXTEMPORANEOUS
–impromptu adverb

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22
Q

improper

A

[ɪm’prɑpɚ]
adj. 不正确的，错误的；不适当的；不合礼仪的
Adj. : not proper: as a : not in accord with fact, truth, or right procedure : INCORRECT improper inference b : not regularly or normally formed or not properly so called c : not suited to the circumstances, design, or end improper medicine d : not in accord with propriety, modesty, good manners, or good taste improper language

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23
Q

impropriety

A

[,imprə’praiəti] n. 不适当；不正确；用词错误；不正当行为
n.1 : an improper or indecorous act or remark; especially : an unacceptable use of a word or of language
2 : the quality or state of being improper

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24
Q

improvident

A

[im’prɔvidənt] adj. 浪费的；无远见的；无先见之明的

Adj. : not provident : not foreseeing and providing for the future

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25
Q

improvise

A

[‘imprəvaiz] vt. 即兴创作；即兴表演；临时做；临时提供
vi. 即兴创作；即兴表演；临时凑合
Transitive verb
1 : to compose, recite, play, or sing extemporaneously
2 : to make, invent, or arrange offhand
3 : to make or fabricate out of what is conveniently on hand improvise a meal
intransitive verb : to improvise something

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26
Q

imprudent

A

[im’pru:dənt] adj. 轻率的，鲁莽的；不小心的

Adj. : not prudent : lacking discretion, wisdom, or good judgment an imprudent investor

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27
Q

impudent

A

[‘impjudənt] adj. 无耻的；鲁莽的；放肆无礼的
Adj.1 obsolete : lacking modesty
2 : marked by contemptuous or cocky boldness or disregard of others : INSOLENT

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28
Q

impugn

A

[im’pju:n] vt. 责难；驳斥
vt.1 : to assail by words or arguments : oppose or attack as false or lacking integrity impugned the defendant’s character
2 obsolete a : ASSAIL b : RESIST

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29
Q

impulse

A

[‘impʌls] n. 冲动；脉冲；刺激；神经冲动；推动力
vt. 推动
vt.: to give an impulse to
n.1 a : INSPIRATION, MOTIVATION b : a force so communicated as to produce motion suddenly c : INCENTIVE
2 a : the act of driving onward with sudden force : IMPULSION b : motion produced by such an impulsion : IMPETUS c : a wave of excitation transmitted through tissues and especially nerve fibers and muscles that results in physiological activity or inhibition
3 a : a sudden spontaneous inclination or incitement to some usually unpremeditated action b : a propensity or natural tendency usually other than rational
4 a : the product of the average value of a force and the time during which it acts : the change in momentum produced by the force b : PULSE 4a
synonyms see MOTIVE

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30
Q

impulsive

A

[im’pʌlsiv] adj. 冲动的；受感情驱使的；任性的
Adj.1 : having the power of or actually driving or impelling
2 a : arising from an impulse an impulsive decision b : prone to act on impulse an impulsive young man
3 : acting momentarily
synonyms see SPONTANEOUS

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31
Q

impunity

A

[ɪm’pjunəti]

n. 不受惩罚；无患；[法] 免罚
n. : exemption or freedom from punishment, harm, or loss laws were flouted with impunity

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32
Q

impute

A

[im’pju:t] vt. 归罪于，归咎于；嫁祸于
vt.1 : to lay the responsibility or blame for often falsely or unjustly
2 : to credit to a person or a cause : ATTRIBUTE our vices as well as our virtues have been imputed to bodily derangement — B. N. Cardozo
synonyms see ASCRIBE

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33
Q

inadvertent

A

[,inəd’və:tənt] adj. 疏忽的；不注意的（副词inadvertently）；无意中做的
Adj.1 : not focusing the mind on a matter : INATTENTIVE
2 : UNINTENTIONAL an inadvertent omission

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34
Q

inadvisable

A

[,inəd’vaizəbl] adj. 失策的，不明智的；不受劝告的

Adj.: not advisable : not wise or prudent inadvisable haste

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35
Q

inalienable

A

[in’eiljənəbl] adj. 不可分割的；不可剥夺的；不能让与的

Adj.: incapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred inalienable rights

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36
Q

inane

A

[i’nein] adj. 空洞的，空虚的；愚蠢的
Adj.1 : EMPTY, INSUBSTANTIAL
2 : lacking significance, meaning, or point : SILLY inane comments
synonyms see INSIPID

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37
Q

inappropriate

A

[,inə’prəupriət] adj. 不适当的；不相称的

Adj.: not appropriate : UNSUITABLE

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38
Q

inaugurate

A

[i’nɔ:ɡjureit] vt. 创新；开辟；开创；举行开幕典礼；举行就职典礼
1 : to induct into an office with suitable ceremonies
2 a : to dedicate ceremoniously : observe formally the beginning of inaugurate a new school b : to bring about the beginning of
synonyms see BEGIN

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39
Q

inborn

A

[‘inbɔ:n] adj. 天生的；先天的
Adj.1 : present from or as if from birth
2 : HEREDITARY, INHERITED
synonyms see INNATE

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40
Q

incandescent

A

[,inkæn’desənt] adj. 辉耀的；炽热的；发白热光的
Adj.1 a : white, glowing, or luminous with intense heat b : strikingly bright, radiant, or clear c : marked by brilliance especially of expression incandescent wit d : characterized by glowing zeal : ARDENT incandescent affection
2 a : of, relating to, or being light produced by incandescence b : producing light by incandescence
n.: LIGHTBULB a

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41
Q

incapacitate

A

[,inkə’pæsiteit] vt. 使无能力；使不能；使不适于
vt.1 : to make legally incapable or ineligible
2 : to deprive of capacity or natural power : DISABLE

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42
Q

incarnate

A

[in’kɑ:nit, -neit, in’kɑ:neit] adj. 化身的；人体化的；肉色的
vt. 体现；使…具体化；使实体化
1 a : invested with bodily and especially human nature and form b : made manifest or comprehensible : EMBODIED a fiend incarnate
2 : INCARNADINE incarnate clover

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43
Q

incendiary

A

[in’sendjəri] n. 燃烧弹；纵火犯，放火者；煽动者
adj. 煽动的；放火的，纵火的
1 a : a person who commits arson : ARSONIST b : an incendiary agent (as a bomb)
2 : a person who excites factions, quarrels, or sedition : AGITATOR

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44
Q

incense

A

[‘insens] vt. 向…焚香；使…发怒
n. 香；奉承
vi. 焚香
1 : material used to produce a fragrant odor when burned
2 : the perfume exhaled from some spices and gums when burned; broadly : a pleasing scent
3 : pleasing attention : FLATTERY

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45
Q

incentive

A

[in’sentiv] n. 动机；刺激
adj. 激励的；刺激的
n. : something that incites or has a tendency to incite to determination or action
synonyms see MOTIVE

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46
Q

incessant

A

[in’sesənt] adj. 不断的；不停的；连续的
Adj.: continuing or following without interruption : UNCEASING
synonyms see CONTINUAL

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47
Q

incidence

A

[‘insidəns] n. 发生率；影响；入射；影响范围
n.1 a : ANGLE OF INCIDENCE b : the arrival of something (as a projectile or a ray of light) at a surface
2 a : an act or the fact or manner of falling upon or affecting : OCCURRENCE b : rate of occurrence or influence a high incidence of crime

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48
Q

incidental

A

[,insi’dentəl] adj. 附带的；偶然的；容易发生的
n. 附带事件；偶然事件；杂项
Adj.1 a : being likely to ensue as a chance or minor consequence social obligations incidental to the job b : MINOR 1
2 : occurring merely by chance or without intention or calculation
n.1 plural : minor items (as of expense) that are not particularized
2 : something that is incidental

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49
Q

incipient

A

[in’sipiənt] adj. 初期的；初始的；起初的；发端的
Adj.: beginning to come into being or to become apparent an incipient solar system evidence of incipient racial tension

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50
Q

incise

A

[in’saiz] vt. 切；切割；雕刻
vt.1 : to cut into
2 a : to carve figures, letters, or devices into : ENGRAVE b : to carve (as an inscription) into a surface

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51
Q

incisive

A

[in’saisiv] adj. 深刻的；敏锐的；锋利的
Adj. : impressively direct and decisive (as in manner or presentation) an incisive analysis an incisive unsentimental writer

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52
Q

incoherent

A

[ɪnkə(ʊ)’hɪər(ə)nt] adj. 语无伦次的；不连贯的；不合逻辑的
Adj. : lacking coherence: as a : lacking cohesion : LOOSE b : lacking orderly continuity, arrangement, or relevance : INCONSISTENT an incoherent essay c : lacking normal clarity or intelligibility in speech or thought incoherent with grief

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53
Q

incommensurate

A

[,ɪnkə’menʃ(ə)rət; -sjə-] adj. 不适应的；不相称的；不成比例
Adj. : not commensurate: as a : INCOMMENSURABLE b : INADEQUATE c : DISPROPORTIONATE a confidence incommensurate with their ability

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54
Q

incompatibility

A

[‘inkəm,pætə’biləti] n. 不相容；不协调；不一致
n.1 a : the quality or state of being incompatible b : lack of interfertility between two plants
2 plural : mutually antagonistic things or qualities

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55
Q

incompatible

A

[,inkəm’pætəbl] adj. 不相容的；矛盾的；不能同时成立的
n. 互不相容的人或事物
Adj.1 : incapable of being held by one person at one time — used of offices that make conflicting demands on the holder
2 : not compatible: as a : incapable of association or harmonious coexistence incompatible colors b : unsuitable for use together because of undesirable chemical or physiological effects incompatible drugs c : not both true incompatible propositions d : incapable of blending into a stable homogeneous mixture

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56
Q

incompetent

A

[in’kɔmpitənt] adj. 无能力的，不胜任的；不合适的；不适当的；无力的
n. 无能力者
Adj.1 : not legally qualified
2 : inadequate to or unsuitable for a particular purpose
3 a : lacking the qualities needed for effective action b : unable to function properly incompetent heart valves

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57
Q

incomplete

A

[,inkəm’pli:t] adj. 不完全的；不完备的
Adj.1 : not complete : UNFINISHED: as a : lacking a part; especially : lacking one or more sets of floral organs b of insect metamorphosis : characterized by the absence of a pupal stage between the immature stages and the adult of an insect in which the young usually resemble the adult — compare COMPLETE 5
2 of a football pass : not legally caught

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58
Q

incomprehensible

A

[in,kɔmpri’hensəbl] adj. 费解的；不可思议的；无限的
Adj.1 archaic : having or subject to no limits
2 : impossible to comprehend : UNINTELLIGIBLE incomprehensible instructions

59
Q

inconclusive

A

[,inkən’klu:siv] adj. 不确定的；非决定性的；无结果的

Adj. : leading to no conclusion or definite result inconclusive evidence an inconclusive argument

60
Q

incongruity

A

[,inkɔŋ’ɡru:əti] n. 不协调；不一致；不适宜
n.1 : the quality or state of being incongruous
2 : something that is incongruous

61
Q

incongruous

A

[in’kɔŋɡruəs] adj. 不协调的；不一致的；不和谐的
Adj.: lacking congruity: as a : not harmonious : INCOMPATIBLE incongruous colors b : not conforming : DISAGREEING conduct incongruous with principle c : inconsistent within itself an incongruous story d : lacking propriety : UNSUITABLE incongruous manners

62
Q

inconsequential

A

[,inkɔnsi’kwenʃəl] adj. 不重要的；不合理的；不合逻辑的
Adj.1 a : ILLOGICAL b : IRRELEVANT
2 : of no significance : UNIMPORTANT

63
Q

inconsolable

A

[ɪnkən’səʊləb(ə)l] adj. 无法安慰的；极为伤心的

adj. : incapable of being consoled : DISCONSOLATE

64
Q

incontrovertible

A

[,inkɔntrə’və:tibl] adj. 无可争议的；无疑的；明白的

Adj. : not open to question : INDISPUTABLE

65
Q

inconvenient

A

[,inkən’vi:njənt] adj. 不便的；打扰的

Adj.: not convenient especially in giving trouble or annoyance : INOPPORTUNE an inconvenient time

66
Q

incorporate

A

[in’kɔ:pəreit, in’kɔ:pərət] vt. 包含，吸收；体现；把……合并
vi. 合并；混合；组成公司
adj. 合并的；一体化的；组成公司的
Transitive verb
1 a : to unite or work into something already existent so as to form an indistinguishable whole b : to blend or combine thoroughly
2 a : to form into a legal corporation b : to admit to membership in a corporate body
3 : to give material form to : EMBODY
intransitive verb
1 : to unite in or as one body
2 : to form or become a corporation
Adj : INCORPORATED

67
Q

incorrigible

A

[in’kɔridʒəbl] adj. 不可救药的；积习难改的
n. 不可救药的人
Adj. : incapable of being corrected or amended: as a (1) : not reformable : DEPRAVED (2) : DELINQUENT b : not manageable : UNRULY c : UNALTERABLE, INVETERATE

68
Q

incorruptible

A

[,inkə’rʌptəbl] adj. 清廉的；不能收买的；不腐败的
Adj. : incapable of corruption: as a : not subject to decay or dissolution b : incapable of being bribed or morally corrupted

69
Q

incredulity

A

[ɪnkrə’djuːlətɪ] n. 怀疑；不轻信，不易相信

n.: the quality or state of being incredulous : DISBELIEF

70
Q

incumbent

A

[in’kʌmbənt] adj. 现任的；依靠的；负有职责的
n. 在职者；现任者；[英]领圣俸者
n.1 : the holder of an office or ecclesiastical benefice
2 : one that occupies a particular position or place

71
Q

indebted

A

[in’detid] adj. 负债的；感激的；受惠的
v. 使负债；使受恩惠
Adj.1 : owing gratitude or recognition to another : BEHOLDEN
2 : owing money

72
Q

indecipherable

A

[,indi’saifərəbl] adj. 无法解释的；破译不出的；难辨认的

Adj. : incapable of being deciphered

73
Q

indefatigable

A

[,indi’fætiɡəbl] adj. 不知疲倦的；不屈不挠的；有耐性的

Adj.: incapable of being fatigued : UNTIRING an indefatigable worker

74
Q

indent

A

[in’dent, ‘indent] vt. 定货；缩排；印凹痕
vi. 切割成锯齿状
n. 缩进；订货单；凹痕；契约
Transitive verb
1 a : to divide (a document) so as to produce sections with irregular edges that can be matched for authentication b : to draw up (as a deed) in two or more exactly corresponding copies
2 : to notch the edge of : make jagged
3 : INDENTURE
4 : to set (as a line of a paragraph) in from the margin
5 chiefly British : to order by an indent
intransitive verb
1 obsolete : to make a formal or express agreement
2 : to form an indentation
3 chiefly British : to make out an indent for something
n.1 a : INDENTURE 1 b : a certificate issued by the United States at the close of the American Revolution for the principal or interest on the public debt
2 chiefly British a : an official requisition b : a purchase order for goods especially when sent from a foreign country
3 : INDENTION
vt.1 : to force inward so as to form a depression
2 : to form a dent in
n.: INDENTATION

75
Q

indented

A

[in’dentid] adj. 犬牙交错的；受契约约束的；[印刷]缩进排印的

v. 缩进；切割成锯齿状

76
Q

indenture

A 
[in'dentʃə] n. 契约；合同
vt. 以契约约束
n.1 a (1) : a document or a section of a document that is indented  (2) : a formal or official document usually executed in two or more copies  (3) : a contract binding one person to work for another for a given period of time —  often used in plural  b : a formal certificate (as an inventory or voucher) prepared for purposes of control  c : a document stating the terms under which a security (as a bond) is issued
2 : INDENTATION 1
3 [3indent] : DENT
77
Q

indestructible

A

[ɪndɪ’strʌktɪb(ə)l] adj. 不可毁灭的，不能破坏的

Adj.: incapable of being destroyed, ruined, or rendered ineffective

78
Q

indicate

A

[‘indikeit] vt. 表明；指出；预示；象征
vt.1 a : to point out or point to b : to be a sign, symptom, or index of the high fever indicates a serious condition c : to demonstrate or suggest the necessity or advisability of indicated the need for a new school the indicated treatment
2 : to state or express briefly indicated a desire to cooperate

79
Q

indict

A

[in’dait] vt. 控告，起诉；揭发
vt.1 : to charge with a fault or offense : CRITICIZE, ACCUSE
2 : to charge with a crime by the finding or presentment of a jury (as a grand jury) in due form of law

80
Q

indigence

A

[‘indidʒəns,-dʒənsi] n. 穷困；贫乏；贫穷
n.: a level of poverty in which real hardship and deprivation are suffered and comforts of life are wholly lacking
synonyms see POVERTY

81
Q

indigenous

A

[in’didʒinəs] adj. 本土的；土著的；国产的；固有的
1 : having originated in and being produced, growing, living, or occurring naturally in a particular region or environment indigenous plants the indigenous culture
2 : INNATE, INBORN
synonyms see NATIVE

82
Q

indignation

A

[,indiɡ’neiʃən] n. 愤慨；愤怒；义愤
n. : anger aroused by something unjust, unworthy, or mean
synonyms see ANGER

83
Q

indiscriminate

A

[,indis’kriminət] adj. 任意的；无差别的；不分皂白的
Adj.1 a : not marked by careful distinction : deficient in discrimination and discernment indiscriminate reading habits indiscriminate mass destruction b : HAPHAZARD, RANDOM indiscriminate application of a law
2 a : PROMISCUOUS, UNRESTRAINED indiscriminate sexual behavior b : HETEROGENEOUS, MOTLEY an indiscriminate collection

84
Q

indiscriminately

A

[indi’skriminitli] adv. 不加选择地；任意地

Adv.

85
Q

indistinguishable

A

[,indis’tiŋɡwiʃəbl] adj. 不能区别的，不能辨别的；不易察觉的
Adj. not distinguishable: as a : indeterminate in shape or structure indistinguishable forms in the mist b : not clearly recognizable or understandable indistinguishable differences c : lacking identifying or individualizing qualities seemingly indistinguishable alternatives

86
Q

individual

A

[,indi’vidjuəl, -dʒəl] adj. 个人的；个别的；独特的
n. 个人，个体
Adj.1 obsolete : INSEPARABLE
2 a : of, relating to, or distinctively associated with an individual an individual effort b : being an individual or existing as an indivisible whole c : intended for one person an individual serving
3 : existing as a distinct entity : SEPARATE
4 : having marked individuality an individual style
n.1 a : a particular being or thing as distinguished from a class, species, or collection: as (1) : a single human being as contrasted with a social group or institution a teacher who works with individuals (2) : a single organism as distinguished from a group b : a particular person are you the individual I spoke with on the telephone?
2 : an indivisible entity
3 : the reference of a name or variable of the lowest logical type in a calculus

87
Q

individualism

A

[,indi’vidjuəlizəm, -dʒu-] n. 个人主义；利己主义；个人特征
n.1 a (1) : a doctrine that the interests of the individual are or ought to be ethically paramount; also : conduct guided by such a doctrine (2) : the conception that all values, rights, and duties originate in individuals b : a theory maintaining the political and economic independence of the individual and stressing individual initiative, action, and interests; also : conduct or practice guided by such a theory
2 a : INDIVIDUALITY b : an individual peculiarity : IDIOSYNCRASY

88
Q

indolent

A

[‘indələnt] adj. 懒惰的；[医]无痛的
Adj.1 a : causing little or no pain b : slow to develop or heal indolent tumors indolent ulcers
2 a : averse to activity, effort, or movement : habitually lazy b : conducive to or encouraging laziness indolent heat c : exhibiting indolence an indolent sigh
synonyms see LAZY

89
Q

indubitably

A

[in’dju:bitəbli] adv. 无疑地，不容置疑地，不容置疑地

Adj. : too evident to be doubted : UNQUESTIONABLE

90
Q

inducement

A

[in’dju:smənt] n. 诱因，刺激物
n.1 : a motive or consideration that leads one to action or to additional or more effective actions
2 : the act or process of inducing
3 : matter presented by way of introduction or background to explain the principal allegations of a legal cause, plea, or defense
synonyms see MOTIVE

91
Q

inducible

A

[in’dju:səbl] adj. 可诱导的；可导致的
Adj. : capable of being induced: as a : formed by a cell in response to the presence of its substrate inducible enzymes b : activated or undergoing expression only in the presence of a particular molecule an inducible promoter

92
Q

indulge

A

[in’dʌldʒ] vt. 满足；纵容；使高兴；使沉迷于…
vi. 沉溺；满足；放任
transitive verb
1 a : to give free rein to b : to take unrestrained pleasure in : GRATIFY
2 a : to yield to the desire of : HUMOR please indulge me for a moment b : to treat with excessive leniency, generosity, or consideration
intransitive verb : to indulge oneself
–in£dulg£er noun
synonyms INDULGE, PAMPER, HUMOR, SPOIL, BABY, MOLLYCODDLE mean to show undue favor to a person’s desires and feelings. INDULGE implies excessive compliance and weakness in gratifying another’s or one’s own desires indulged myself with food at the slightest excuse. PAMPER implies inordinate gratification of desire for luxury and comfort with consequent enervating effect pampered by the amenities of modern living. HUMOR stresses a yielding to a person’s moods or whims humored him by letting him tell the story. SPOIL stresses the injurious effects on character by indulging or pampering foolish parents spoil their children. BABY suggests excessive care, attention, or solicitude babying students by grading too easily. MOLLYCODDLE suggests an excessive degree of care and attention to another’s health or welfare refused to mollycoddle her malingering son.

93
Q

indulgent

A

[in’dʌldʒənt] adj. 放纵的；宽容的；任性的

Adj. : indulging or characterized by indulgence; especially : LENIENT

94
Q

inefficient

A

[,ini’fiʃənt] adj. 无效率的，效率低的；无能的
Adj.: not efficient: as a : not producing the effect intended or desired b : wasteful of time or energy inefficient operating procedures c : INCAPABLE, INCOMPETENT an inefficient worker

95
Q

inelastic

A

[,ini’læstik] adj. 无弹性的；无适应性的；不能适应的

Adj. : not elastic: as a : slow to react or respond to changing conditions b : INFLEXIBLE, UNYIELDING

96
Q

ineligible

A

[ɪn’elɪdʒɪb(ə)l] n. 无被选资格的人
adj. 不合格的；不适任的；无被选资格的
Adj. : not eligible: as a : not qualified for an office or position b : not permitted under football rules to catch a forward pass an ineligible receiver

97
Q

inept

A

[i’nept] adj. 笨拙的；不适当的
Adj.1 : lacking in fitness or aptitude : UNFIT inept at sports
2 : lacking sense or reason : FOOLISH
3 : not suitable to the time, place, or occasion : inappropriate often to an absurd degree an inept metaphor
4 : generally incompetent : BUNGLING inept leadership
synonyms see AWKWARD

98
Q

ineptitude

A

[i’neptitju:d] n. 不适当，不合适；不称职；愚笨

n.: the quality or state of being inept; especially : INCOMPETENCE

99
Q

inert

A 
[i'nə:t] adj. 惰性的；呆滞的；迟缓的；无效的
Adj.1 : lacking the power to move
2 : very slow to move or act  : SLUGGISH
3 : deficient in active properties;  especially   : lacking a usual or anticipated chemical or biological action
synonyms see INACTIVE
100
Q

inestimable

A

[in’estiməbl] adj. 无价的；难以估计的
Adj.1 : incapable of being estimated or computed storms caused inestimable damage
2 : too valuable or excellent to be measured or appreciated has performed an inestimable service for his country

101
Q

inevitable

A

[in’evitəbl] adj. 必然的，不可避免的

Adj.: incapable of being avoided or evaded an inevitable outcome

102
Q

inexcusable

A

[,inik’skju:zəbl] adj. 不可原谅的；没法辩解的；不可宽恕的

Adj. : impossible to excuse or justifify inexcusable rudeness

103
Q

inexhaustible

A

[,iniɡ’zɔ:stəbl] adj. 用不完的；不知疲倦的
Adj. : not exhaustible: as a : incapable of being used up inexhaustible riches b : incapable of being wearied or worn out an inexhaustible hiker

104
Q

inexorable

A

[in’eksərəbl] adj. 无情的；不屈不挠的；不可阻挡的；无法改变的

Adj. : not to be persuaded, moved, or stopped : RELENTLESS inexorable progress

105
Q

inexpensive

A

[,inik’spensiv] adj. 便宜的

Adj.: reasonable in price : CHEAP

106
Q

inexplicable

A

[,inik’splikəbl] adj. 费解的；无法说明的；不能解释的

Adj.: incapable of being explained, interpreted, or accounted for an inexplicable disappearance

107
Q

infamous

A

[‘infəməs] adj. 声名狼藉的；无耻的；邪恶的；不名誉的
Adj.1 : having a reputation of the worst kind : notoriously evil an infamous traitor
2 : causing or bringing infamy : DISGRACEFUL an infamous crime
3 : convicted of an offense bringing infamy

108
Q

infant

A

[‘infənt] n. 婴儿；幼儿；[律]未成年人
adj. 婴儿的；幼稚的；初期的；未成年的
n.1 : a child in the first period of life
2 : a person who is not of full age : MINOR
Adj.1 : intended for young children
2 : being in an early stage of development
3 : of, relating to, or being in infancy

109
Q

infantile

A

[‘infəntail] adj. 婴儿的；幼稚的；初期的
Adj.1 : of or relating to infants or infancy
2 : suitable to or characteristic of an infant; especially : very immature infantile humor

110
Q

infect

A

[in’fekt] vt. 感染，传染
vt.1 : to contaminate with a disease-producing substance or agent (as bacteria)
2 a : to communicate a pathogen or a disease to b of a pathogenic organism : to invade (an individual or organ) usually by penetration c of a computer virus : to become transmitted and copied to (as a computer)
3 a : CONTAMINATE, CORRUPT the inflated writing that infects such stories b : to work upon or seize upon so as to induce sympathy, belief, or support trying to infect their salespeople with their enthusiasm

111
Q

infection

A

[in’fekʃən] n. 感染；传染；影响；传染病
n.1 : the act or result of affecting injuriously
2 : an infective agent or material contaminated with an infective agent
3 a : the state produced by the establishment of an infective agent in or on a suitable host b : a disease resulting from infection
4 : an act or process of infecting; also : the establishment of a pathogen in its host after invasion
5 : the communication of emotions or qualities through example or contact

112
Q

infectious

A

[in’fekʃəs] adj. 传染的；传染性的；易传染的
Adj.1 a : capable of causing infection viruses and other infectious agents b : communicable by infection an infectious disease — compare CONTAGIOUS
2 : that corrupts or contaminates
3 : spreading or capable of spreading rapidly to others their enthusiasm was infectious an infectious grin

113
Q

infer

A

[in’fə:] vt. 推断；推论
vi. 推断；作出推论
Transitive verb
1 : to derive as a conclusion from facts or premises we see smoke and infer fire — L. A. White — compare IMPLY
2 : GUESS, SURMISE *your letterTallows me to infer that you are as well as ever — O. W. Holmes 1935
3 a : to involve as a normal outcome of thought b : to point out : INDICATE this doth infer the zeal I had to see him — Shakespeare another surveyTinfers that two-thirds of all present computer installations are not paying for themselves — H. R. Chellman
4 : SUGGEST, HINT are you inferring I’m incompetent?
intransitive verb : to draw inferences menThave observed, inferred, and reasonedTto all kinds of results — John Dewey

114
Q

inferable

A

[in’fə:rəbl] adj. 能推论的；能推理的

Adj.

115
Q

inferior

A

[in’fiəriə] adj. 差的；自卑的；下级的，下等的
n. 下级；次品
Adj.1 : situated lower down : LOWER
2 a : of low or lower degree or rank b : of poor quality : MEDIOCRE
3 : of little or less importance, value, or merit always felt inferior to his older brother
4 a : situated below another and especially another similar superior part of an upright body b : situated in a relatively low posterior or ventral position in a quadrupedal body c (1) : situated below another plant part or organ (2) : ABAXIAL
5 : relating to or being a subscript

116
Q

infertile

A

[in’fə:tail, -til] adj. 不肥沃的；不毛的；不结果实的；不能生殖的
Adj. : not fertile or productive infertile eggs infertile fields; especially : incapable of or unsuccessful in achieving pregnancy infertile couples

117
Q

infest

A

[in’fest] vt. 骚扰；寄生于；大批出没；大批滋生
vt.1 : to spread or swarm in or over in a troublesome manner a slum infested with crime shark-infested waters
2 : to live in or on as a parasite

118
Q

infiltrate

A

[‘infiltreit, in’fil-] vt. 使潜入；使渗入，使浸润
vi. 渗入
n. 渗透物
Transitive verb
1 : to cause (as a liquid) to permeate something by penetrating its pores or interstices
2 : to pass into or through (a substance) by filtering or permeating
3 : to pass (troops) singly or in small groups through gaps in the enemy line
4 : to enter or become established in gradually or unobtrusively usually for subversive purposes the intelligence staff had been infiltrated by spies
intransitive verb : to enter, permeate, or pass through a substance or area by filtering or by insinuating gradually

119
Q

infinitesimal

A

[,infini’tesiməl] adj. 无穷小的；无限小的；极小的
n. 无限小；极微量；极小量
n.: an infinitesimal quantity or variable
Adj.1 : taking on values arbitrarily close to but greater than zero
2 : immeasurably or incalculably small an infinitesimal difference

120
Q

infirm

A

[in’fə:m] adj. 衰弱的；意志薄弱的；不坚固的
Adj.1 : of poor or deteriorated vitality; especially : feeble from age
2 : weak of mind, will, or character : IRRESOLUTE, VACILLATING
3 : not solid or stable : INSECURE
synonyms see WEAK

121
Q

inflame

A

[in’fleim] vt. 激怒；使燃烧；使发炎
vi. 燃烧；发炎；激动
Transitive verb
1 a : to excite to excessive or uncontrollable action or feeling; especially : to make angry b : to make more heated or violent : INTENSIFY insults served only to inflame the feud
2 : to set on fire : KINDLE
3 : to cause to redden or grow hot from anger or excitement a face inflamed with passion
4 : to cause inflammation in (bodily tissue)
intransitive verb
1 : to burst into flame
2 : to become excited or angered
3 : to become affected with inflammation

122
Q

inflate

A

transitive verb
1 : to swell or distend with air or gas inflate a tire
2 : to puff up : ELATE inflate one’s ego
3 : to expand or increase abnormally or imprudently
intransitive verb : to become inflated
synonyms see EXPAND

123
Q

inflexible

A

[in’fleksəbl] adj. 顽固的；不可弯曲的；不屈挠的；不能转变的
Adj.1 : rigidly firm in will or purpose : UNYIELDING
2 : not readily bent : lacking or deficient in suppleness
3 : incapable of change : UNALTERABLE

124
Q

inflict

A

[in’flikt] vt. 造成；使遭受（损伤、痛苦等）；给予（打击等）
vt.1 : AFFLICT
2 a : to give by or as if by striking inflict pain b : to cause (something unpleasant) to be endured inflict my annual message upon the church — Mark Twain

125
Q

influence

A

[‘influəns] n. 影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事
vt. 影响；改变
n.1 a : an ethereal fluid held to flow from the stars and to affect the actions of humans b : an emanation of occult power held to derive from stars
2 : an emanation of spiritual or moral force
3 a : the act or power of producing an effect without apparent exertion of force or direct exercise of command b : corrupt interference with authority for personal gain
4 : the power or capacity of causing an effect in indirect or intangible ways : SWAY
5 : one that exerts influence
vt.1 : to affect or alter by indirect or intangible means : SWAY
2 : to have an effect on the condition or development of : MODIFY
synonyms see AFFECT

126
Q

influential

A

[,influ’enʃəl] adj. 有影响的；有势力的
Adj.: exerting or possessing influence
n.: one who has great influence

127
Q

inform

A

[in’fɔ:m] vt. 通知；告诉；报告
vi. 告发；告密
Transitive verb
1 obsolete : to give material form to
2 a : to give character or essence to the principles which inform modern teaching b : to be the characteristic quality of : ANIMATE the compassion that informs her work
3 obsolete : GUIDE, DIRECT
4 obsolete : to make known
5 : to communicate knowledge to inform a prisoner of his rights
intransitive verb
1 : to impart information or knowledge
2 : to give information (as of another’s wrongdoing) to an authority informed on a member of his own gang
synonyms INFORM, ACQUAINT, APPRISE, NOTIFY mean to make one aware of something. INFORM implies the imparting of knowledge especially of facts or occurrences informed us of the crisis. ACQUAINT lays stress on introducing to or familiarizing with acquaint yourself with the keyboard. APPRISE implies communicating something of special interest or importance keep us apprised of the situation. NOTIFY implies sending notice of something requiring attention or demanding action notified the witness when to appear.

128
Q

informal

A

[in’fɔ:məl] adj. 非正式的；不拘礼节的；通俗的；日常使用的
Adj.1 : marked by the absence of formality or ceremony an informal meeting an informal group
2 : characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary, casual, or familiar use informal English informal clothes

129
Q

informality

A

[,infɔ:’mæləti] n. 非正式；不拘礼节

Noun

130
Q

informative

A

[in’fɔ:mətiv] adj. 教育性的，有益的；情报的；见闻广博的

Adj.: imparting knowledge : INSTRUCTIVE

131
Q

infrared

A

[,infrə’red] n. 红外线
adj. 红外线的
Adj.1 : situated outside the visible spectrum at its red end — used of radiation having a wavelength between about 700 nanometers and 1 millimeter
2 : relating to, producing, or employing infrared radiation infrared therapy
3 : sensitive to infrared radiation infrared sensors that detect body heat
–infrared noun

132
Q

infrequently

A

[in’fri:kwəntli] adv. 很少发生地；稀少地
Adj.1 : seldom happening or occurring : RARE
2 : placed or occurring at wide intervals in space or time a slope scattered with infrequent pines infrequent visits

133
Q

infuriate

A

[in’fjuərieit] vt. 激怒；使大怒

adj. 狂怒的
vt. : to make furious

134
Q

infuse

A

[in’fju:z] vt. 灌输；使充满；浸渍
vi. （茶叶、草药等）被泡
vt.1 a : to cause to be permeated with something (as a principle or quality) that alters usually for the better infuse the team with confidence b : INTRODUCE, INSINUATE a new spirit was infused into American art — American Guide Series: New York
2 : INSPIRE, ANIMATE the sense of purpose that infuses scientific research
3 : to steep in liquid (as water) without boiling so as to extract the soluble constituents or principles
4 : to administer or inject by infusion stem cells were infuseed into the patient

135
Q

ingenious

A

[in’dʒi:njəs] adj. 有独创性的；机灵的，精制的；心灵手巧的
Adj.1 obsolete : showing or calling for intelligence, aptitude, or discernment
2 : marked by especial aptitude at discovering, inventing, or contriving
3 : marked by originality, resourcefulness, and cleverness in conception or execution an ingenious contraption
synonyms see CLEVER

136
Q

ingeniousness

A

[in’dʒinjəsnis] n. 机敏（精巧；精致；有创造才能）

n.

137
Q

ingenuity

A

[,indʒi’nju:əti] n. 心灵手巧，独创性；精巧；精巧的装置
n.1 obsolete : CANDOR, INGENUOUSNESS
2 a : skill or cleverness in devising or combining : INVENTIVENESS b : cleverness or aptness of design or contrivance
3 : an ingenious device or contrivance

138
Q

ingenuous

A 
[in'dʒenjuəs] adj. 天真的；坦白的；正直的；朴实的
Adj.obsolete   : INGENIOUS
Adj.1 obsolete   : NOBLE, HONORABLE
2 a : showing innocent or childlike simplicity and candidness  *her ingenuous thirst for experience — Christopher Rawson*  b : lacking craft or subtlety  *ingenuous in their brutality*
synonyms see NATURAL
139
Q

ingenuously

A

[in’dʒenjuəsli] adv. 率直地；正直地

Adv.

140
Q

ingest

A

[in’dʒest] vt. 摄取；咽下；吸收；接待

vt.: to take in for or as if for digestion

141
Q

ingrain

A 
[,in'ɡrein] vt. 使…根深蒂固；就…原料染色；生染
n. 固有品质；原纱染色；生染的纤维
adj. 生染的；原纱染色的；根深蒂固的
vt. : to work indelibly into the natural texture or mental or moral constitution
synonyms see INFUSE
1 a : made of fiber that is dyed before being spun into yarn  b : made of yarn that is dyed before being woven or knitted
2 : thoroughly worked in  : INNATE
n.: innate quality or character
142
Q

ingrained

A

[,in’ɡreind] adj. 根深蒂固的；彻头彻尾的；生染的
v. 使根深蒂固（ingrain的过去分词形式）；生染；就原料染色
Adj.1 : worked into the grain or fiber
2 : forming a part of the essence or inmost being : DEEP-SEATED ingrained prejudice

143
Q

ingrate

A

[‘inɡreit, in’ɡreit] adj. 忘恩的；不知恩的

n. 忘恩负义的人
n. : an ungrateful person

XDF/GRE (22 decks)

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