L1: Anorectal Malformations

Question 1

Def of Anorectal Malformations

Answer 1

Question 2

Incidence of Anorectal Malformations

Answer 2

One in 5000 live births

Common Anomaly

Question 3

CP of Anorectal Malformations

Answer 3

Question 4

Types of Anorectal Malformations

• General

Answer 4

Question 5

Anorectal Malformations

• Males

Answer 5

Question 6

Anorectal Malformations in females

Answer 6

Question 7

All anomalies with external opening are ……

Answer 7

low

Question 8

All anomalies with internal fistula are …..

Answer 8

High

Question 9

• Anomalies without fistula are ……

Answer 9

low or high

• according to the distance between the skin at normal position of the anus and the lowest gas shadow inside the rectum on plain X-ray (Skin-bowel distance)

Question 10

Dx of Anorectal Malformations

Answer 10

• General Ex
• Local Ex
• Radiological Tests

Question 11

Dx of Anorectal Malformations

• General Examination

Answer 11

exclude associated anomalies (VACTREL).

Question 12

Dx of Anorectal Malformations

• Local Examination

Answer 12

Question 13

Dx of Anorectal Malformations

• Rad

Answer 13

• Cross table lateral film (Invertogram
• Distal Loopogram
• Ascending Urethrogram

Question 14

Rad Dx of Anorectal Malformations

• Cross table lateral film (Invertogram

Answer 14

Question 15

Rad Dx of Anorectal Malformations

• Distal Loopogram

Answer 15

Question 16

Rad Dx of Anorectal Malformations

• Ascending Urethrogram

Answer 16

Question 17

Rad Dx of Anorectal Malformations

• Further Invx for Associated Anomalies

Answer 17

Question 18

TTT of Anorectal Malformations

Answer 18

….

Question 19

TTT of Anorectal Malformations

• Preoperative

Answer 19

Question 20

TTT of Anorectal Malformations in Males

• Very Low Anomalies

Answer 20

Anoplasty at Birth

Question 21

TTT of Anorectal Malformations in Males

• Perineal Fistula

Answer 21

Limited Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty at birth

Question 22

TTT of Anorectal Malformations in Males

• High anomalies (Meconium in Urine)

Answer 22

3 stages

• Colostomy at birth
• PSARP (Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty) at the age of 3-6 month
• Closure of Colostomy after 1-2 month post PSARP

Question 23

TTT of Anorectal Malformations in Males

• Algorithm

Answer 23

Question 24

TTT of Anorectal Malformations in Females

• Perineal Anus

Answer 24

Anoplasty or Limited Anorectoplasty at birth

Question 25

TTT of **Anorectal Malformations in Females** - Vestibular Anus

Answer 25

Dilatation at birth & repair at the age of 3-6 month

Question 26

TTT of **Anorectal Malformations in Females** - Cloaca

Answer 26

**3 Stages** - Descending Colostomy at birth - Posterior Sagittal Anorecto-vagino-plasty - Closure of Colostomy

Question 27

TTT of **Anorectal Malformations in Females** - Algorithm

Answer 27