L-7 The biochem of cardiovascular II Flashcards
are lipids polar ?
lipids are non polar and water hating
think of oil and water don’t mix
4 types of lipids
- simple lipids
- complex lipids
- steroids-fused ring compounds
4.other
simple lipids examples
(triglycerides)
-fats
-oils
waxes
complex lipids examples
phospholipids
steroids-fused ring compounds examples
cholesterol
oestrogen
testosterone
other lipid examples
fat soluble like vitamins (A, D, E, and K)
What are the most biologically important lipids and fats and why?
phospholipids and steroids
- they serve as structural components of biological membranes
- they provide energy in the form of triacyglycerols
what does triacyglycerols consist of
glycerol + 3 fatty acids
simple lipids
-triglycerides consist of ?
fats and oils
-fats are solid triglycerides
-oils are liquid triglycerides
and waxes is a simple lipid not a part of the triglyceride
what are fatty acids
- they have a polar end, carboxylic acid group that’s hydrophilic
-they have a non polar, hydrocarbon chain that’s hydrophobic
-they can be monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, or saturated
saturated fatty acids
they contain non carbon double bonds
unsaturated fatty acids
contains a double bond
-monounsaturated = one double bond
-polyunsaturated = multiple double bonds present
whats the effect of on the melting point for having many double bonds
lower the melting point
saturated fatty acids in food
-soild at RT
-animal fats are saturated
unsaturated fatty acids in food
-liquid at RT
-plant fats and fish are unsaturated
butter
contains mainly saturated fatty acids and
cholesterol
margarine
made from partially hydrogenated vegetable oil to
make it more solid at RT
olive oil
-made from unsaturated fatty acids
consists of
-Oleic acid is monounsaturated
-Linoleic is polyunsaturated
-Linolenic, which is polyunsaturated
essential fatty acids are needed why?
-important for cell membrane e.g. brain neurons
-needed for energy metabolism
-they are building blocks for hormones
-control immune func, blood clotting and cell growth
where is omega 6 and omega 3 found in diet
omega 6 = veg oil
omega 3 = green plant leaves , walnuts and soy
whats EPA AND DHA stand for
- Eicosapentaenoic acid (longer-
chain omega-3 fatty acid) - Docosahexaenoic acid (longer-
chain omega-3 fatty acid)
most omega 6 and 3 are found in the form of ?
cholesterol
phospholipids
triacylglycerols
omega 3 is ?
and omega 6 is ?
omega 3 = anti-inflammatory
omega 6 = inflammatory
increase levels of omega 3 prevent
stress
ADHD
depression
alzheimer
Cardiovascular
