L-1 An intro to microbiology

Question 1

what is microbiology

Answer 1

the study of microorganisms
-bacteria
-fungi
-single cell eukaryotes

Question 2

what are non living infectious agents

Answer 2

viruses
prions

Question 3

types of microorganisms

Answer 3

can be commensal, pathogenic, environmental
-bacteria
-fungus
-virus
-parasite

Question 4

what is the human microbiome
how many is there
where are they found

Answer 4

• collection of bacteria, viruses, and fungi that live in and on human body
• 10 times bacterial cells then human cells in the body
• gastrointestinal tract

Question 5

microbiome importance

Answer 5

pass 25 tonnes of faeces in your lifetime
plays a role in
- nutrition
- development
- immunity
- behaviour
- protection against harmful bacteria

Question 6

Beneficial Biological Functions of Microbes
digestion and medicine

Answer 6

digestion - found in digestive tract for digestion and vitamin synthesis
medicine - antibiotics and drugs can naturally synthesise by microbes

Question 7

types of pathogens

Answer 7

primary - cause death upon infection not associated with host
opportunistic - cause disease under certain circumstances

Question 8

what helps DNA remain stable

Answer 8

ozone layer

Question 9

what are the domains of life

Answer 9

eukaryotes
- fungi
- algae
- protozoa
prokaryotes
- Archaea
- bacteria

Question 10

example of non cellular microorganisms

Answer 10

viruses

Question 11

microbial diversity

Answer 11

microbial differ in size, shape, metabolism, environmental adaptability

Question 12

all pathogenic prokaryotes are….

Answer 12

bacteria

Question 13

vast majority of bacteria are….

Answer 13

non-pathogenic

Question 14

abiogenesis

Answer 14

spontaneous generation production of life from vital forces in non-living matter

Question 15

biogenesis

Answer 15

organisms arose from seeds or germs that had entered the food from air

Question 16

Joseph lister

Answer 16

Used disinfectant to treat surgical wounds, greatly reducing infection rates. Considered the father of antiseptic surgery

Question 17

Robert koch

Answer 17

First person to conclusively prove that a specific bacterium caused a disease

Question 18

chemotherapy

Answer 18

Treatment of a disease by using a chemical substance. Chemical must be more
poisonous to microbe than host

Question 19

quinine

Answer 19

first known chemical to treat a disease (malaria)

Question 20

synthetic drugs

Answer 20

made in laborator

Question 21

antibiotics

Answer 21

produced naturally by fungi and bacteria

Question 22

Alexander Fleming

Answer 22

discovered penicillium