knee and Patello-Femoral Joint Flashcards
knee capsule contains who many joints? names?
Tibiofemoral
Patellofemoral
just as the pelvic joint in which position is knee joint most stable?
closed packed position
what type of joint is the knee joint?
Modified Hinge Joint
what are the structures that provide support to the joint?
Cruciate Ligaments (a,p) Collateral Ligaments (m,l) Menisci (m,l)
what is larger the medial or the lateral condyles of the femur and the tibia?
Medial Condyles
what attaches tot he intercondylar area of the femur?
ACL
in order to be locked in in what way does the femur rotates?
?medially over the tibia in the last 20 degrees of flexion allowing for the anterior part of the medial condyle to become articulated
what muscle is responsible for knee flexion? how does it work?
popliteus
lateral rotation because it acts in a reverse pull manner upwards from the lateral condyles of the tibia
what are the intracepsular structures?
menisci
Cruciate ligaments (partially)
synovial membrane (does not cover the menisci)
fat
what are the reinforcements of the capsule of the knee?
Anteriorly =patellar tendon =retinacular fibres Lateral =popliteus =biceps =iliotibial tract Medial =pes anserinus tendos Posterior =tendon form semimembranosus
the capsule of the knee has 2 deficiencies they are
anterior for the supra patellar bursa
posterior for the bursa of the popliteus muscle
bakers bursatis is due to inflammation of what bursa?
Deep popliteal bursa
Pes Anserinus are the muscle insertions for…
Say Grace Before Sex S)artorius G)racilis B)ursa S)emitendinosus
ACL and PCL are intracapsular and intrasynovial?
False
they are intracapsular but extrasynovial
direction of the ACL, functionality
from tibial tuberosity [ant] to lateral condyle [post]
blocks femur from going backwards when standing
blocks tibia from sliding forwards when kicking
how is the ACL commonly damaged
when the leg is on extension and it is hype rotated laterally
to repair an ACL graft can be taken from
pes anserine, sartorius or the iliotibial tract
how is the PCL commonly damaged
hyper extension of the knee
fall on flexed knee
Medial Collateral Ligament
resists abduction (valgus) and lateral rotation if damaged the medial menisci will also be damaged because of its deep fibres
Lateral Collateral Ligament
resists adduction (varus) separated to the meniscus by the popliteus tendon
what part of the menisci is more easily damaged?
medial menisci
patella alignment is mediated by
strong vast us medialis
medial patellar retinaculum
raised lip on lateral femoral condyle
