Joints of the Hip Complex

Question 1

Components of the hip bone

Answer 1

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

Question 2

type of articulation of the hip

Answer 2

ball and socket

Question 3

What is the name of the articular face of the hip? what bones make it?

Answer 3

Acetabulum

Ileum, Ischium and Pubis

Question 4

most important parts of the proximal portion of the femur?

Answer 4

head, fovea
anatomical neck
Greater and lesses trochanter

Question 5

in the proximal end of the femur, relevant epiphysis

Answer 5

head == pressure epiphysis

greater trochanter == traction epiphysis

Question 6

what part of the head of the femur is not inside the socket of the acetabulum and what structure protects it?

Answer 6

the anterior surface and it is covered by psoas bursa [not communicating with the joint]

Question 7

what part of the hip one sits on?

Answer 7

ischial tuberosity

Question 8

what is the labrum and what are their functions?

Answer 8

rim of cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum, filled with synovial fluid, in charge of increasing the surface of articulation

Question 9

the main function of the ligament of the head of femur is mechanical support T/F

Answer 9

F, arteries to the femur that die off after puberty

Question 10

what are the trabecular systems and how many are there?

Answer 10

2 trabecular systems and they are the lines of weight baring support of the muscle (superior: [arcuate and vertical] and inferior: [medial-lateral])

Question 11

line of gravity passes behind the pelvic articulation T/F

Answer 11

T

Question 12

how many ligaments reenforce the pelvic joint?

Answer 12

3 ligaments
IlioFemoral [anterior, direct attachment to the femur, inverted Y]
PuboFemoral
Ischiofemoral

Question 13

where does the capsule attach to the femur?

Answer 13

at the base of the neck

Question 14

what is the main ligament responsible for the strength of the joint?

Answer 14

iliofemoral, locks and medially rotates

Question 15

what arteries run in the capsule of the joint what what do they supply? where to they come off? what are they branches off?

Answer 15

Retinacular Arteries
supply the neck and head of the femur
from the lateral/medial circumflex artery
from Femoralis Profunda

Question 16

when does medial and lateral rotation occur?

Answer 16

medial stance

lateral swing

Question 17

what is the main function of gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 17

abduction and maintaining of the position on the coronal plane on swing phase. They contract and pull downwards

Question 18

what nerves five supply to the hip joint?

Answer 18

articular branches of femoral and obturator nerve

Question 19

Myotomes of hip flexion

Answer 19

L2-3

Question 20

Myotomes of hip extension

Answer 20

L4-5

Question 21

what structure lies behind the pelvic articulation and might be damaged in a-p dislocation?

Answer 21

Sciatic Nerve

Question 22

coxa valga is?

Answer 22

when the head of the femur articulates in an gale to more than 125 degrees casing the keens to be more inwards than normal

Question 23

coxa vara is?

Answer 23

when the head of the femur articulates in an gale to less than 120 degrees casing the keens to be more outwards than normal increasing the strain on the neck

Question 24

if the femur is fractures what happens with the limb?

Answer 24

external rotation and shortening of the limb due to muscle spams

Question 25

Osteoarthritis (OA) is ….

Answer 25

painful, degenerative joint disease that often involves the hips, knees, neck, lower back, or small joints of the hands. OA usually develops in joints that are injured by repeated overuse from performing a particular task or playing a favorite sport or from carrying around excess body weight. Eventually this injury or repeated impact thins or wears away the cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones in the joint. As a result, the bones rub together, causing a grating sensation. Joint flexibility is reduced, bony spurs develop, and the joint swells. Usually, the first symptom of OA is pain that worsens following exercise or immobility. Treatment usually includes analgesics, topical creams, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (known as NSAIDs); appropriate exercises or physical therapy; joint splinting; or joint replacement surgery for seriously damaged larger joints, such as the knee or hip.