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Anatomy > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

A

L3/L4

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2
Q

What is the path of the sciatic nerve?

A

-comes underneath piriformis and has two branches: tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve

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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A
  • inguinal ligament
  • sartorius muscle
  • adductor longu muscle
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4
Q

What is the adductor canal?

A

tunnel in middle third of thigh from apex of femoral triangle to opening in adductor magnus

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5
Q

What is in the femoral triangle?

A 
femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
lymphatics
NAVL
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6
Q

Femoral nerve:

A

L2-L4
anterior cutaneous nerve branches
motor nerves to muscles of anterior compartment
saphenous nerve

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7
Q

Saphenous nerve is

A

medial cutaneous nerve

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8
Q

Nerves of thigh

A
  • obturator (L2-L4)
  • sciatic (L4-S3)
  • femoral (L2-L4)
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9
Q

Obturator nerve (L2-L4) posterior branch

A
  • obturator branch
  • adductor brevis
  • adductor portion of adductor magnus
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10
Q

Obturator nerve (L2-L4) anterior branch

A
  • adductor longus
  • gracilus
  • adductor brevis
  • cutaneous branches to skin on medial thigh
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11
Q

Sciatic nerve branches

A

tibial nerve

common fibular nerve

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12
Q

Tibial nerve

A

biceps femoris (long head)

  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
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13
Q

Common fibular nerve

A

-biceps femoris (short head)

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14
Q

Pectineus orgin

A

pecten pubis and pectineal surface of pubis

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15
Q

Pectineus insertion

A

pectineal line of femur

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16
Q

Pectineus action

A

adducts the thigh and flexes the hip joint

if top muscle is tight=lateral tilt

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17
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

femoral but may receive innervation from obturator nerve

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18
Q

Adductor Brevis origin

A

Anterior surface of inferior pubic ramus, inferior to origin of adductor longus

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19
Q

Adductor Brevis insertion

A

Pectineal line and superior part of medial lip of linea aspera

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20
Q

Adductor brevis action

A

Adducts and flexes the thigh, and helps to laterally rotate the thigh

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21
Q

Adductor brevis innervation

A

Anterior or posterior division of obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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22
Q

Adductor Longus origin

A

Anterior surface of body of pubis, just lateral to pubic symphysis

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23
Q

Adductor Longus Insertion

A

Middle third of linea aspera, between the more medial adductor magnus and brevis insertions and the more lateral origin of the vastus medialis

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24
Q

Adductor longus action

A

Adducts and flexes the thigh, and helps to laterally rotate the hip joint

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25
Q

Adductor longus innervation

A

anterior division of obturator nerve (L2,L3,L4)

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26
Q

Adductor magnus origin

A

Inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus, and inferolateral area of ischial tuberosity

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27
Q

Adductor magnus insertion

A

Gluteal tuberosity of femur, medial lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge, and adductor tubercle

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28
Q

Adductor magnus action

A

Powerful thigh adductor; superior horizontal fibers also help flex the thigh, while vertical fibers help extend the thigh

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29
Q

Adductor magnus innervation

A

Posterior division of obturator nerve innervates most of the adductor magnus; vertical or hamstring portion innervated by tibial nerve (L2, L3, L4

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30
Q

What leaves through the adductor hiatus?

A

femoral nerve and femoral artery

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31
Q

When the femoral vessels enter ______, they are called ______.

A

popliteal fossa, poplital vessels

32
Q

Gracilis origin

A

Inferior margin of pubic symphysis, inferior ramus of pubis, and adjacent ramus of ischium

33
Q

Gracilis insertion

A

Medial surface of tibial shaft, just posterior to sartorius

34
Q

Gracilis action

A

Flexes the knee, adducts the thigh, and helps to medially rotate the tibia on the femur

35
Q

Gracilis innervation

A

anterior division of obturator nerve

36
Q

Sartorius origin

A

anterior superior iliac spine

37
Q

Sartorius insertion

A

superior aspect of the medial surface of the tibial shaft near the tibial tuberosity

38
Q

Sartorius action

A

flexes and laterally rotates the hip joint and flexes the knee

39
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)

40
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata origin

A

anterior superior iliac spine, outer lip of anterior iliac crest and fascia lata

41
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata insertion

A

iliotibial band

42
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

43
Q

What muscles are innervated by superior gluteal nerve?

A

gluteus med, and glut min, tensor fascia lata

44
Q

Rectus Femoris origin

A

Straight head from anterior inferior iliac spine; reflected head from groove just above acetabulum

45
Q

Rectus Femoris insertion

A

Base of patella to form the more central portion of the quadriceps femoris tendon

46
Q

Rectus Femoris action

A

extends the knee

47
Q

Rectus Femoris innervation

A

muscular branches of femoral nerve

48
Q

Vastus Intermedius origin

A

Superior 2/3 of anterior and lateral surfaces of femur; also from lateral intermuscular septum of thigh

49
Q

Vastus Intermedius insertion

A

Lateral border of patella; also forms the deep portion of the quadriceps tendon

50
Q

Vastus Intermedius action

A

extends the knee

51
Q

Vastus Intermedius innervation

A

muscular branches of femoral nerve

52
Q

Vastus medialis origin

A

Inferior portion of intertrochanteric line, spiral line, medial lip of linea aspera, superior part of medial supracondylar ridge of femur, and medial intermuscular septum

53
Q

Vastus medialis insertion

A

Medial base and border of patella; also forms the medial patellar retinaculum and medial side of quadriceps femoris tendon

54
Q

Vastus medialis action

A

extends the knee

55
Q

Vastus medialis innervation

A

muscular branches of femoral nerve

56
Q

Vastus Lateralis origin

A

Superior portion of intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of greater trochanter, superior portion of lateral lip of linea aspera, and lateral portion of gluteal tuberosity of femur

57
Q

Vastus Lateralis insertion

A

Lateral base and border of patella; also forms the lateral patellar retinaculum and lateral side of quadriceps femoris tendon

58
Q

Vastus Lateralis action

A

extends the knee

59
Q

Vastus Lateralis innervation

A

muscular branches of femoral nerve

60
Q

Hamstring origin

A

Common tendon with semitendinosus from superior medial quadrant of the posterior portion of the ischial tuberosity

61
Q

Hamstring insertion

A

Primarily on fibular head; also on lateral collateral ligament and lateral tibial condyle

62
Q

Hamstring action

A

Flexes the knee, and also rotates the tibia laterally; long head also extends the hip joint

63
Q

Hamstring innervation

A

tibial nerve (L5,S1,S2)

64
Q

Biceps Femoris origin

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge of femur, and lateral intermuscular septum of thigh

65
Q

Biceps Femoris insertion

A

Primarily on fibular head; also on lateral collateral ligament and lateral tibial condyle

66
Q

Biceps Femoris action

A

Flexes the knee, and also rotates the tibia laterally; long head also extends the hip joint

67
Q

Biceps Femoris innervation

A

common peroneal nerve

68
Q

Semimembranosus origin

A

Superior lateral quadrant of the ischial tuberosity

69
Q

Semimembranosus insertion

A

Posterior surface of the medial tibial condyle

70
Q

Semimembranosus action

A

Extends the thigh, flexes the knee, and also rotates the tibia medially, especially when the knee is flexed

71
Q

Semimembranosus innervatin

A

tibial nerve

72
Q

Semitendinosus origin

A

From common tendon with long head of biceps femoris from superior medial quadrant of the posterior portion of the ischial tuberosity

73
Q

Semitendinosus insertion

A

Superior aspect of medial portion of tibial shaft

74
Q

Semitendinosus action

A

Extends the thigh and flexes the knee, and also rotates the tibia medially, especially when the knee is flexed

75
Q

Semitendinous innervation

A

tibial nerve

76
Q

Pes Anserinus

A

goose foot

saritorius, semitendonsous and gracilis attach

Anatomy (16 decks)

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