kingdom prokaryote- archaea and bacteria Flashcards
how can archaea and bacteria be classified?
shape
arrangement
cell wall structure
energy source
what are three shapes?
cocci (sing. coccus)
bacilli (sing. bacillus)
spirilli (sing. spirillum)
cocci
round
resist drying
bacilli
rod shaped
absorption
spirilli
spiral
move easily in fluids
what are three arrangements?
diplo-
staphylo-
strepto-
diplo-
pair
staphylo-
clusters
strepto-
chain
coccus shapes and arrangements
diplococcus
streptococcus
staphylococcus
baccilus shapes and arrangements
diplobacillus
streptobacillus
spirillum shapes and arrangements
none
what is the cell wall structure based on?
how the cell wall reacts with the “Gram Stain” procedure
thin peptidoglycan protein layer and outer membrane
gram-negative
what colour does gram-negative stain?
pink
thick peptidoglycan protein layer
gram-positive
what colour does gram-positive stain?
purple
what are the two types of energy sources for autotrophic bacteria?
photosynthetic
chemosynthetic
photosynthetic
use light to produce food
chemosynthetic
obtain energy from inorganic compounds (prokaryotes only)
if a bacteria can live in extreme conditions, what is it called?
extremophile
where do extremophiles usually live?
anaerobic environments
what is an anaerobic environment?
no oxygen
hot springs
seafloor vents
thermophile
extremely saline (salty) water
halophile
intestine of cattle
methanogen
acidic water (eg mine drainage)
acidophile
cold temperatures (eg polar ice caps, glaciers)
cryophile
