kingdom fungi Flashcards
what three main components are in fungi?
hyphae
mycelium
fruiting body
what is the hyphae?
densely packed network of fine filaments (aboveground)
what is the mycelium?
loose branching network of hyphae (belowground)
what is the fruiting body?
reproductive part (aboveground)
what are the two types of hyphae?
septate
nonseptate
how do fungi feed?
uses extracellular digestion (like humans)
digestive enzymes breakdown food externally before absorbing nutrients through cell membrane
what are the four types of fungi?
parasitic
mutualistic (symbiotic)
predatory
saprobial
what are parasitic fungi?
specialized to feed on living cells (hyphae are called haustoria - “to drink”)
give and explain an example of a symbiotic relationship between fungi and another organism
most trees have fungi living in close contact with roots
- fungi absorbs nutrients from soil, transfers to roots
- fungi benefits from absorbing nutrients from plants
when fungi live with algae or cyanobacteria, how does the mutualistic relationship work?
fungi provides algae with H2O and CO2
algae provides fungi with nutrients
list different mechanisms that predatory fungi use to trap prey
“sticky” hyphae to attach
“loops” of hyphae to constrict
what are saprobial fungi?
decompose organic matter
how are saprobial fungi important to the ecosystem?
helps release simple molecules back into the soil to be used by living organisms
what are the three types of reproduction?
fragmentation
budding
spore formation
what is fragmentation?
asexual
pieces of hyphae break off and grow into new mycelia
