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11 Biology (diversity) > food poisoning > Flashcards

food poisoning Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the three types of food poisoning?

A

staphylococcus
botulism
salmonella

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2
Q

staphylococcus

what is staphylococcus caused by?

A

toxins produced by staphylococcus aureus as they digest the food

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3
Q

staphylococcus

where is staphylococcus normally found?

A

on skin, nose, throat

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4
Q

staphylococcus

which foods does staphylococcus multiplies well in?

A

many foods (dairy products, cream-filled bakery goods)

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5
Q

staphylococcus

what are the symptoms?

A

nausea, diarrhea, abdominal cramps

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6
Q

staphylococcus

when do symptoms appear?

A

1-5h after infected food is eaten

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7
Q

staphylococcus

what is the recovery?

A

usually in a few days, death seldom results

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8
Q

botulism

what is botulism caused by?

A

toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum under anaerobic (no oxygen) conditions

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9
Q

botulism

where is botulism common?

A

in many soils

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10
Q

botulism

how can botulism be contracted?

A

when vegetables are not cooked enough before canning (toxins are destroyed by high temperatures)

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11
Q

botulism

what are the symptoms?

A

double vision, weakness, paralysis (begins in neck)

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12
Q

botulism

when do symptoms appear?

A

12-36h after infected food is eaten

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13
Q

botulism

what is the recovery?

A

fatal in 70% of cases

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14
Q

salmonella

where does salmonella grow?

A

in intestine of host and is not due to a toxin

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15
Q

salmonella

from where is salmonella transferred?

A

from food animals to humans

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16
Q

salmonella

how is the bacteria killed?

A

proper cooking (avoid food containing raw eggs)

17
Q

salmonella

where is salmonella found?

A

in meat products, poultry, eggs, milk, milk products

18
Q

salmonella

what are the symptoms?

A

headache or chills, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal cramps

19
Q

salmonella

when do symptoms appear?

A

12-24h after infected food is eaten

20
Q

salmonella

what is the recovery?

A

within 2-3 days, rarely fatal

21
Q

which bacteria is the most deadly?

A

botulism

22
Q

botulism
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium

A

eating canned food which contains the toxin
paralysis- toxin prevents the nerves from stimulating muscles to contract
rod

23
Q

tetanus
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium

A

bacteria enter the body through a wound made by a dirty sharp object (eg a nail)
muscle paralysis (muscles cannot contract) (eg lockjaw)
rod

24
Q

gas gangrene
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium

A

bacteria in a large wound are allowed to grow without air
tissues around the wound are permanently destroyed
rod

25
Q

diphtheria
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium

A

bacteria from a patient’s cough or sneeze enter someone else’s nose or mouth
inflammation (red swellings) of the air passages of the lungs; destruction of heart, muscle, other tissues
rod

26
Q

pneumonia
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium

A

bacteria from a patient’s cough or sneeze enter someone else’s nose or mouth
destroys cells of the lungs
sphere

27
Q

whooping cough
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium

A

bacteria from a patient’s cough or sneeze enter someone else’s nose or mouth
destroys cells of the air passages of the lungs
rod

28
Q

dysentery, typhoid cholera
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium

A

eating food, drinking drinks containing the bacteria
severe diarrhea; high fever with typhoid; some damage to cells lining the intestine
rods

29
Q

gonorrhoea
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium

A

sexual contact with an infected person
a venereal disease first characterized by inflammation of the genital organs; can cause sterility
sphere

11 Biology (diversity) (38 decks)

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