food poisoning Flashcards
what are the three types of food poisoning?
staphylococcus
botulism
salmonella
staphylococcus
what is staphylococcus caused by?
toxins produced by staphylococcus aureus as they digest the food
staphylococcus
where is staphylococcus normally found?
on skin, nose, throat
staphylococcus
which foods does staphylococcus multiplies well in?
many foods (dairy products, cream-filled bakery goods)
staphylococcus
what are the symptoms?
nausea, diarrhea, abdominal cramps
staphylococcus
when do symptoms appear?
1-5h after infected food is eaten
staphylococcus
what is the recovery?
usually in a few days, death seldom results
botulism
what is botulism caused by?
toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum under anaerobic (no oxygen) conditions
botulism
where is botulism common?
in many soils
botulism
how can botulism be contracted?
when vegetables are not cooked enough before canning (toxins are destroyed by high temperatures)
botulism
what are the symptoms?
double vision, weakness, paralysis (begins in neck)
botulism
when do symptoms appear?
12-36h after infected food is eaten
botulism
what is the recovery?
fatal in 70% of cases
salmonella
where does salmonella grow?
in intestine of host and is not due to a toxin
salmonella
from where is salmonella transferred?
from food animals to humans
salmonella
how is the bacteria killed?
proper cooking (avoid food containing raw eggs)
salmonella
where is salmonella found?
in meat products, poultry, eggs, milk, milk products
salmonella
what are the symptoms?
headache or chills, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal cramps
salmonella
when do symptoms appear?
12-24h after infected food is eaten
salmonella
what is the recovery?
within 2-3 days, rarely fatal
which bacteria is the most deadly?
botulism
botulism
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium
eating canned food which contains the toxin
paralysis- toxin prevents the nerves from stimulating muscles to contract
rod
tetanus
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium
bacteria enter the body through a wound made by a dirty sharp object (eg a nail)
muscle paralysis (muscles cannot contract) (eg lockjaw)
rod
gas gangrene
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium
bacteria in a large wound are allowed to grow without air
tissues around the wound are permanently destroyed
rod
diphtheria
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium
bacteria from a patient’s cough or sneeze enter someone else’s nose or mouth
inflammation (red swellings) of the air passages of the lungs; destruction of heart, muscle, other tissues
rod
pneumonia
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium
bacteria from a patient’s cough or sneeze enter someone else’s nose or mouth
destroys cells of the lungs
sphere
whooping cough
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium
bacteria from a patient’s cough or sneeze enter someone else’s nose or mouth
destroys cells of the air passages of the lungs
rod
dysentery, typhoid cholera
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium
eating food, drinking drinks containing the bacteria
severe diarrhea; high fever with typhoid; some damage to cells lining the intestine
rods
gonorrhoea
how it is caught
effect of toxin on human
shape of bacterium
sexual contact with an infected person
a venereal disease first characterized by inflammation of the genital organs; can cause sterility
sphere
