8 major phyla of the animal kingdom Flashcards
what are the 8 major phyla (common names)?
sponges jellyfish, coral, anemones, hydra flatworms segmented worms molluscs joint-legged animals (insects) starfish chordates
what are sponges also known as?
“true” first multicellular animals
Porifera
what are jellyfish, coral, anemones, hydra also known as?
Cnidaria
what are flatworms also known as?
Platyhelminthes
what are segmented worms also known as?
Annelida
what are molluscs also known as?
Mollusca
what are joint-legged animals (insects) also known as?
Arthropoda
what are starfish also known as?
Echinodermata
what are chordates also known as?
Chordata
sponges
where do they live?
aquatic organism
sponges
where are adults affixed?
permanently to solid surfaces
sponges
how do they eat?
filter feeders one opening (food enters waste exits)
sponges
how many layers of cells do they have? describe them
double layer
outer- flat epithelial cells
inside- flagellated cells to move food around
sponges
what are their body plans?
asymmetrical with no tissues
list examples of Cnidaria (jellyfish, coral, anemones, hydra)
jellyfish, hydra
clam, snail, octopus
starfish, sea urchin
spider, lobster
list examples of Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
parasitic tapeworms
flukes
freeliving planarians
what are Platyhelminthes’ complexity?
least complex
acoelomates
3 layers of cells
what do Platyhelminthes look like?
simple nervous system, brainlike concentration of eyes (distinct head end), eyespots
give an example of Annelida (segmented worms)
earthworm
what do Annelida look like?
segmented body, distinct head end, several organ systems
what are the three classes of Mollusca?
bivalves
gastropods
cephalopods
list examples of Mollusca (molluscs)
clams mussels oysters scallops snails and sligs octopi squids
what are Mollusca’s body plans?
bilateral symmetry
what do Mollusca’s look like?
3 layers of cells, coelom, 2 body openings
soft body often protected by hard shell
organ system surrounded by mantle
how do Mollusca move?
use of a muscular foot
what is the majority of animal species?
Arthropoda (joint legged animals- insects)
what are the four groups of Arthropoda (joint legged animals- insects)?
chelicerates
myriapods
crustaceans
insects
list examples of Arthropoda (joint legged animals- insects)
spiders scorpions crustaceans insects mites millipedes and centipedes beetles butterflies moths ants flies bees
what do Arthropoda (joint legged animals- insects) look like?
legs made of moveable sections connected by joints, body divided into segments, hard exoskeleton (protection)
list examples of Echinodermata (starfish)
sea stars
sea urchins
sea cucumbers
sand dollars
where do Echinodermata (starfish) live?
marine animals
what are Echinodermata’s (starfish) body plans?
radial symmetry
what do Echinodermata (starfish) look like?
spiny endoskeletons, tube feet
what are Echinodermata’s (starfish) systems like?
water-vascular (system of tubes, including tube feet)
how do Echinodermata (starfish) use their “feet”?
forces water into feet using muscles, extending them
what is the most familiar phyla?
Chordata (chordates)
what are Chordata (chordates)?
vertebrate animals
what are the types of Chordata (chordates)?
fish amphibians reptiles birds mammals
all Chordata (chordates) have a notochord- what is this?
rod shaped structure extending the length of the body to attach muscles
all Chordata (chordates) have a dorsal nerve cord- what is this?
tube shaped cord extending along the back of the body
