fungi Flashcards
what are the 5 subgroups of fungi?
Fungi Imperfecti Chytrids Zygospore Fungi Sac Fungi Club Fungi
what are Fungi Imperfecti?
Phylum Deuteromycota
ex. mould Penicillium
used in cyclosporine, soy sauce, some cheeses
what are Chytrids?
Phylum Chytridomycota
ex. Synchytrium endobioticum
parasitic fungus, lives in soil and causes potato warts
what are Zygospore Fungi?
Phylum Zygomycota
common moulds
what are Sac Fungi?
Phylum Ascomycota
single celled yeasts; largest group
what are Club Fungi?
Phylum Basidiomycota
mushrooms that grow on lawns, puffballs and stinkhorns that grow in woodland floors
what is a mycelium and where is it found?
the bulk of the organism aboveground- a complex, netlike mass made of branching hyphae
are fungi more like plants or animals?
DNA analysis suggests they are more similar to animals than plants despite their plantlike appearance
what are the 4 ways fungi obtain nutrition?
parasitic
predatory
mutualistic
saprobial
what is parasitic?
absorb nutrients from the living cells of a host organism
what is predatory?
soil fungi whose mycelia have specialized structures for trapping prey
what is mutualistic?
partnerships with other organisms; in most cases the mycelia covers plant roots (mycorrhiza), the mycelia increases absorption of plant roots and the fungus receives sugar
what is saprobial?
feeds on dead organisms or organic wastes (absorb nutrients); important to ecosystems
name three ways fungi are important to the economy
creates penicillin and other drugs cyclosporine beer, wine bread products soy sauce and cheese
why is it important for government agencies to try to stop the spread of fungal diseases that affect plants (ex. potato warts)?
affects public health, farmers’ economy, food amount/production
