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NPTE > Kinesiology and UE Anatomy > Flashcards

Kinesiology and UE Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

ATP-Posphocreatine System

A
  • Provides ATP instantaneously
  • Provides energy for muscle contraction for up to 15 seconds
  • Phosphocreatine decomposes and releases energy that is used to create ATP
  • PC and ATC stored directly in contractile mechanism of muscle
  • High intensity, short duration exercise
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2
Q

Anaerobic Glycolysis

A
  • Glycogen > glucose > pyruvic acid (glycolysis): Produces ATP
  • Produces lactic acid > muscle fatigue
  • 50% slower than ATP-PC system
  • Provides energy for 30-40 seconds
  • Only produces small amounts of ATP
  • High intensity, short duration exercise
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3
Q

Aerobic Glycolysis

A
  • For low intensity, long duration exercise
  • Yields the most ATP
  • Provides energy through oxidation of food
  • Provides energy as long as nutrients are available.
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4
Q

Class 1 lever

A

Fulcrum is between force and load. Example: Triceps (force) on olecranon (fulcrum) with an external counterforce pushing on the arm.

  • Very few class 1 levers in the body
  • Example: See Saw
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5
Q

Class 2 lever

A

Load (resistance) between the fulcrum and force (effort)
Example: Gravity = force, muscle activity = load.
Example: Wheelbarrow

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6
Q

Class 3 lever

A
  • Force between the fulcrum and the load
  • E.g. shoulder abduction with weight in hand
  • Most common type in body
  • Allows large movements at rapid speed
  • Example: Elbow flexion
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7
Q

Suture joint

A
  • union of two bones by a membrane

- Immovable joint

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8
Q

Synostosis

A

Eventual fusion of a suture joint

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9
Q

Syndesmosis

A

Bone connected to bone by dense fibrous membrane or cord

  • Very little motion
  • e.g. Tibia-Fibula
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10
Q

Gomphosis

A

Tony bony surfaces connecting as a peg in a hole

- Only example in body is teeth in their sockets

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11
Q

Fibrous Joints (synarthroses)

A

Bones united by fibrous tissue. Includes sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

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12
Q

Cartilagenous Joint

A

Hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage that connects one bone to another
Slightly moveable
Includes synchondroses and symphyses

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13
Q

Synchondrosis

A

Hyaline cartilage adjoints to ossifying centers

  • E.g. sternum and true rib articulation
  • Provides stability during growht
  • Slight motion
  • May ossify to synostosis in maturity
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14
Q

Symphysis

A

Two bones connected by fibrocartilage and covered with hyaline cartilage

  • Slight motion
  • Usually at midline of body
  • E.g. pubic symphysis
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15
Q

5 defining characteristics of synovial joint

A
  1. joint cavity
  2. articular cartilage
  3. synovial membrane
  4. synovial fluid
  5. fibrous capsule
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16
Q

Glenohumeral loose packed position

A

55 degrees abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction

17
Q

Glenohumeral close packed position

A

Abduction and lateral rotation

18
Q

Sternoclavicular loose packed position

A

Arm resting by side

19
Q

Sternoclavicular close packed position

A

maximum shoulder elevation

20
Q

Acromioclavicular loose packed position

A

arm resting by side

21
Q

Acromioclavicular close packed position

A

Arm abducted 90 degrees

22
Q

Rotator cuff interval

A

Space between supraspinatus and subscap. Consists of:
Coracohumeral ligament
superior glenohumeral ligament
joint capsule

23
Q

Radiohumeral loose packed position

A

Full extension, supination

24
Q

Radiohumeral close packed position

A

90 degrees flexion, 5 degrees supination

25
Q

Ulnohumeral loose packed position

A

70 degrees flexion, 10 degrees supination

26
Q

Ulnohumeral close packed position

A

Extension

27
Q

Elbow capsular pattern

A

Flexion, extension, supination, pronation

28
Q

Glenohumeral capsular pattern

A

ER, ABD, IR

29
Q

Sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular capsular patterns

A

Pain at extremes of ROM

30
Q

Proximal Radioulnar loose packed position

A

70 degrees flexion, 35 degrees supinatino

31
Q

Proximal Radioulnar close packed position

A

5 degrees supination

32
Q

Proximal radioulnar capsular pattern

A

supination, pronation

33
Q

Radiocarpal loose packed position

A

Neutral, slight ulnar deviation

34
Q

Radiocarpal close packed position

A

Extension with radial deviation

35
Q

Radiocarpal capsular pattern

A

Flexion and extension equally limited

36
Q

Anatomic snuffbox borders

A

Abductor policis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus

NPTE (24 decks)

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