Kinesiology 9 Flashcards
Shoulder Girdle
shoulder coplex
consists of the scapula, clavicle,sternum, humerous, and rib cage and includes the sternoclavicular joint, the acromioclaviculer joint, glenohumeral joint, and the scapulothoracic articulation
scapulothotacic articulation
not a joint in the pure sense, the scapula does move over the rib cage of the thorax
shoulder girdle
often a term used to discuss the activities of the scapula and clavicle, and to a lesser degree the sternum and the ribs
shoulder joint
glenohumeral joint
shoulder joint
consists of scapula and humerous
scapula
a triangular shaped bone located superficially on the posterior side of the thorax
superior angle
provides attachment for the interior scapula muscle
inferior angle
most inferior point and where verbal and axillary borders meet. he point determine scapular rotation
vertebral border
between superior and inferior angles medially, an attachment of rhomboid and serratus anterior muscles
Axillary border
lateral side between glenoid fossa and inferior angle
Spine
projection on posterior surface, running from medial border laterally to the acromium process. It provides attachments in the middle and lowe trapezius muscles
coracoid process
projection on anterior surface, providing attachment for the pectoralis major muscle
acromiom process
broad flat area on superior lateral aspect, providing attachment for upper trapezies muscle
Glenoid Fossa
Slightly curvature surface that articulates with the humerus on superior lateral side above the axillary border and below the acromiom process. The fossa is positioned in an anterior, lateral, and upward direction.
clavicle
an s-shaped bone that connects the upper extremity to the axial skeleton at the sternoclavicular joint
Clavicle sternal end
attaches medially to sternum
clavicle acromial end
Attaches laterally to scapula and provides attachment for the upper trapezius muscle
Clavicle body
area between the two ends
sternum
a flat bone located in the midline of the anterior thorax
sternum manubrium
the superior end of the sternum providing attachment for the clavicle and the first rib
sternum body
the middle two-thirds of the sternum, providing attachment for the remaining ribs
xiphoid process
meanning ‘sword shaped’, the inferior tip of the sturnum
sternoclavicular joint
(SC) formed by the articulation between the manubrium of the sternum and the medial (sternal) end of the clavicle, triaxial joint, basically theclavicle moves as the sternum remains stationary, a synovial joint
sternoclavicular ligament
connects the clavicle to the sternum on both the anterior and posterior surfaces and is therefore divided divided into the anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments
costoclavicular ligament
a short, flat, thromboid shaped ligament that connects the clavicle’s inferior surface to the superior surfaces of the costal cartilage of the first rib
interclavicular ligament
located on top of the manubrium, connecting the superior sternal ends of the claicles
acromioclavicular joint
(AC) connects the accromium process to the scapula and the lateral (acromial) end of the clavicle, is a plane -shaped synovial joint that allows a gliding acromioclavicular motion to occur
coracoclavicular ligament
not directly located at the joint, does provide stability to that joint and allows the scapula to be suspended form the clavicle
coracromial ligament
does not actually cross the AC joint however, forms a roof over the head of the humerus and serves as a protective arch and serves as a protective arch, providing support to the head when an upward force is transmitted along the humerus.
scapulothoracic articulation
not a joint in the pure sense, there is no direct union between the bones and there is no joint capsule. Consists of a slightly concave anterior surface of the scapula resting on a convex posterior aspect of the rib cage
scapular elevation
occurs when the scapula moves in a superior direction
scapular depressio
occurs when the scapula moves inferiorly
scapular protraction
occurs when the scapula moves away from the posterior midline
scapula retraction
occurs when the scapula moves back toward the inferior posterior midline
scapular upward rotation
inferior angle of scapula rotates up and away from the vertebral column
scapular downward rotation
the return to the resting position from the upwardly rotated position
scapular tilt
occurs when the shoulder joint goes into hyperextension. The superior end of the scapular tilts anteriorly while the inferior end tilts posteriorly
scapular winging
the posterior lateral movement of the vertebral border of the scapula in the transverse plane
shoulder joint flexion
shoulder girdle upward rotation, protraction
shoulder joint extension
shoulder girdle downward rotation, retraction
Shoulder joint hyperextension
shoulder girdle scapular tilt
shoulder joint abduction
shoulder girdle upward rotation
shoulder joint adduction
r girdle downward rotation
shoulder joint medial rotation
shoulder girdle joint protraction
shoulder joint lateral rotation
shoulder girdle joint retraction
shoulder joint horizontal abduction
shoulder joint girdle retraction
shoulder joint horizontal adduction
shoulder joint girdle protraction
scapulohumeral rythm
concept that further describes the movement relationships between the shoulder girdle and the shoulder joint. The first 30 degrees of shoulder joint movement is pure shoulder joint motion. However, after 30 degrees, for every 2 degrees the shoulder flexion, or abduction occur, the scapula must upwardly rotate 1 degree, therefore a 2:1 ratio
muscles of the shoulder girdle
Trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboids, serratus anterior, pectoralis minor
acromioclavicular serapation
commonly used to describe the various amounts of ligament injury at the AC joint. In a first degree sprain, the acromioclavicular ligament is stretched. In the second degree the acromioclavicular ligament is ruptured and the coracoclavicular ligament is stretched. In a third degree sprain, both the acromioclavicular and the coracoclavicular ligaments are ruptured.
Clavicular fractures
most frequent broken bone in children.
shoulder girdle
has both linear and angular motions
inferior angle
point of reference for scapular rotation
scapulohueral rythm
shoulder girdle and shoulder combined motions
