Kinesiology Flashcards
Number 1
Kinetics
Forces causing movement
Kinesiology
study of movement
Kinematics
the time, pace and mass aspect of a moving system
thorax
chest, primarily made up of the ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae
abdomen
lower trunk, primarily made up of the pelvis, stomach, and lumbar vertebrae
neck
cervical vertebrae
head
cranium
anatomical position
the human body standing in an upright position, eyes facing forward, feet parallel and close together, and arms at the side of the body with the palms facing forward
medial
refers to a position, or location toward the midline
lateral
refers to a position, or location farther from the midline
anterior
refers to the front of the body, or a position closer to the front
Posterior
refers to the back of the body, or a position more toward the back
Ventral
anterior
dorsal
posterior
distal
away from the trunk
proximal
toward the trunk
superior
used to indicate a location of a body part that is above another, or to refer to the upper surface of an organ, or structure
inferior
indicates that a body part is below another, or refers to a lower surface of an organ or structure
cranial
head
cephalad
head
cephal
head
caudal
tail
cauda
tail
supine
lying straight, with face, or anterior surface, pointed upward
prone
position is horizontal with the face, or anterior surface pointed downward.
bilateral
refer to two, or both sides
contralateral
refers to opposite side
ipsilateral
refers to same side
linear motion
occurs in more or less a straight line from one location to another. All parts of the object move the same distance, and at the same time
rectilinear motion
movement that occurs in a straight line
curvilinear motion
movement that occurs in a curved path that is not necessarily circular
angular motion
movement of an object around a fixed point
rotary motion
angular motion
osteokinematics
deals with the relationship of the movement of bones around a joint axis
arthrokinematic
joint surface movement
flexion
the bending movement of one bone on another, bringing two segments together and causing a decrease in joint angle
palmar flexion
flexion at the wrist
plantar flexion
flexion at the ankle
extension
the straightening movement of one bone away from another, causing an increase of the joint angle. Returns the body part to the anatomical position after it has been flexed
hyperextension
the continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position
dorisflexion
extension at the wrist, or ankle, refers to movement toward the dorsum (superior aspect) of the arm or foot
abduction
movement away from midline
adduction
movement toward the midline
horizontal abduction
begun by either flexion, or abduction so that the arm is at shoulder level, from this position movement backward
horizontal adduction
begun by either flexion, or abduction so that the arm is at shoulder level, from this position movement forward
radial deviation
when the hand moves laterally, or toward the thumb side
ulnar deviation
when the hand moves medially, from the anatomical position toward the little finger side at the wrist
lateral bending
when the trunk moves sideways, can be done either right, or left
circumduction
a motion that describes a circular cone-shaped pattern, it involves a combination of four joint motions 1) flexion 2) abduction 3)extension 4)adduction
rotation
movement of a bone, or part around its longitudinal axis
medial rotation
rotation with medial surface rolling inward toward the midline
lateral rotation
if the anterior surface rolls outward away from the midline
pronation
from the anatomical position,the rotation of the forearm causing the palm facing backward
supination
in the anatomical position, the rotation of the forearm causing the direction of palm
inversion
from the anatomical position moving the sole of the foot inward toward the midline
eversion
from the anatomical position moving the sole of the foot outward from the midline
protraction
mostly a linear movement along a plane parallel to the ground and away from the posterior midline
retraction
mostly a linear movement along a plane parallel to the ground toward the posterior midline
