Kidneys, retroperitoneal organs, posterior abdominal wall

Question 1

the fat that lies adjacent to the kidneys is called

Answer 1

perirenal fat

Question 2

the fat that lies posterior to the posterior lamella of renal fascia is called

Answer 2

pararenal fat

Question 3

the nerve supply to the suprarenal glands is:

Answer 3

sympathetic; no parasympathetic

preganglionic sympathetic fibers travel in the greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerves
innervate chromaffin cells (think of them as ganglion)
postganglionic fibers innervate the glands

Question 4

the nerve supply to the kidneys is

Answer 4

sympathetic
no parasympathetic

lesser and least splanchnic nerves have preganglionic sympathetic fibers
synapes in the aorticorenal and renal ganglia, near celiac plexus
postganglionic fibers reach the kidneys through the renal plexus

Question 5

tributaries to the inferior vena cava include:

Answer 5

common iliac veins
lumbar veins
right testicular/ovarian vein
renal veins
right suprarenal vein
right inferior phrenic vein
hepatic veins

Question 6

what is the cysterna chyli?

Answer 6

dilated sac that receives lymph gathered from the lower half of the body
considered the inferior end of the thoracic duct

if present, its on the bodies of LV1 and LV2 between the right crus of the diaphragm and the aorta

Question 7

diaphragm:

name the origins

Answer 7

sternal portion = back of the xyphoid process
costal portion = costal margin
lumbar portion = arcurate ligaments and crura (left and right)

Question 8

the right crus of the diaphragm goes:

Answer 8

arises from the bodies and disks of Lv1-3

Question 9

the left crus of the diaphram goes:

Answer 9

arises from the bodies adn disks of Lv1-2

Question 10

psoas major

origin

Answer 10

body of Tv12 and bodies, disks, and trasverse processes of the lumbar vertebra

Question 11

psoas major

insertion

Answer 11

lesser trochanter of femur

Question 12

psoas major

action

Answer 12

primary hip flexor, lateral rotator of hip

Question 13

psoas major

innervation

Answer 13

ventral primary rami of L2-L4

part of the lumbar plexus
branches off the femoral nerve (part of the posterior division of the lumbar plexus)

Question 14

psoas major

blood supply

Answer 14

iliolumbar artery from posterior division of internal iliac artery

Question 15

psoas minor

Answer 15

orgin = upper fibers of the psoas major
insertion = psaos fascia and pelvic brim

Question 16

quadratus lumborum

origin

Answer 16

iliolumbar ligament; adjacent part of iliac crest

Question 17

quadratus lumborum

insertion

Answer 17

transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae and rib 12

Question 18

quadratus lumborum

action

Answer 18

flexes 12th rib for diaphragm and laterally flexes trunk

Question 19

quadtratus lumborum

innervation

Answer 19

subcostal nerve

most lumbar nerves

Question 20

ilacus

origin

Answer 20

iliac fossa

Question 21

iliacus

insertion

Answer 21

lesser trochanter of the femur

as the iliopsoas

Question 22

iliacus

action

Answer 22

flexes and medially rotates the hip

Question 23

iliacus

innervation

Answer 23

femoral nerve