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Anatomy > Anterior Triangle and Submandibular Region > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle and Submandibular Region Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four divisions of the anterior triangle?

A

muscular
carotid
submental
digastric/submandibular

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2
Q

what is the border of the muscular triangle?

A

anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
superior belly of the omohyoid muscle
median line

paired triangle

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3
Q

what is the border of the carotid triangle

A

posterior belly of the digastric muscle
superior belly of the omohyoid muscle
anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
paired triangle

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4
Q

what is the border of the submental triangle?

A

two anterior bellies of the digastric muscles
hyoid bone

unpaired triangle

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5
Q

what are the borders of the digastric/submandibular triangle?

A

two bellies of the digastric muscles
lower border of the mandible

paired triangle

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6
Q

what are the contents of the muscular triangle?

A

infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles)

  • sternohyoid
  • omohyoid
  • sternothyroid
  • thyrohyoid
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7
Q

what do the infrahyoid muscles act on?

A

larynx and hyoid bone

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8
Q

sternohyoid =

A 
origin = within thorax, behind manubrium (top of sternum..)
insertion = hyoid bone
innervation = inferior root of ansa cervicalis (descendens cervicalis), fibers C2,C3 
action = depressor of larynx as a whole
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9
Q 
origin = within thorax, behind manubrium (top of sternum..)
insertion = hyoid bone
innervation = inferior root of ansa cervicalis (descendens cervicalis), fibers C2,C3
action = depressor of larynx as a whole
A

sternohyoid

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10
Q

omohyoid =

A 
origin = near the suprascapular notch
insertion = hyoid bone
innervation = superior root of the ansa cervicalis (descendens hypoglossi) fibers C1 [superior belly]
action = depressor of larynx as a whole

two bellies with an intermediate tendon

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11
Q 
origin = near the suprascapular notch
insertion = hyoid bone
innervation = superior root of the ansa cervicalis (descendens hypoglossi) fibers C1 [superior belly]
action = depressor of larynx as a whole

two bellies with an intermediate tendon

A

omohyoid

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12
Q

sternothyroid =

A 
origin = posterior manubrium below origin of sternohyoid 
insertion = oblique line of thyroid cartilage 
innervation = inferior root of the ansa cervicalis (descendens cervicalis), fibers from C2-C3 
action = depressor of the larynx as a whole
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13
Q 
origin = posterior manubrium below origin of sternohyoid 
insertion = oblique line of thyroid cartilage 
innervation = inferior root of the ansa cervicalis (descendens cervicalis), fibers from C2-C3 
action = depressor of the larynx as a whole
A

sternothyroid

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14
Q

thyrohyoid =

A 
origin = oblique line of thyroid cartilage 
insertion = hyoid bone
innervation = C1 fibers hitchhiking on the hypoglossal nerve
action = elevator of the larynx as a whole
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15
Q 
origin = oblique line of thyroid cartilage 
insertion = hyoid bone
innervation = C1 fibers hitchhiking on the hypoglossal nerve
action = elevator of the larynx as a whole
A

thyrohyoid

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16
Q

what is contained within the carotid triangle?

A

bifurcation of the common carotid artery
internal carotid artery
external carotid artery and its branches
vagus nerve
internal jugular vein

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17
Q

describe the branching pattern of the external carotid artery

(five branches, then terminal branches)

A 
superior thyroid artery
lingual artery
facial artery
ascending pharyngeal artery
occipital artery
Terminal branches = maxillary, superficial temporal artery
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18
Q

which arteries off the external carotid artery have additional branches?

A

superior thyroid artery –> superior laryngeal branch

facial artery –> glandular branches, submental branch, tonsilar, ascending palatine

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19
Q

the superior laryngeal branch travels with which nerve?

A

internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, through thyrohyoid membrane

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20
Q

the submental branch accompanies which nerve to which muscle?

A

trigeminal nerve to the mylohyoid muscle

21
Q

the occipital artery travels with which nerve?

A

greater occipital nerve (hooks over the hypoglossal nerve)

22
Q

what is contained within the digastric/submandibular triangle?

A

suprahyoid muscles
submandibular gland
submandibular lymph nodes
facial artery and vein

23
Q

digastric muscles =

A 
origin = medial aspect of the mastoid process (posterior belly)
insertion = inner surface of the mandible close to the midline (anterior belly)
innervation = posterior: facial nerve; anterior: trigeminal nerve by way of nerve to mylohyoid muscle
action= elevator of the larynx as a whole

intermediate tendon of this muscle goes through a connective tissue pully which is attached to the hyoid bone; usually basses between two parts of the stylohyoid muscle
2 bellies

24
Q 
origin = medial aspect of the mastoid process (posterior belly)
insertion = inner surface of the mandible close to the midline (anterior belly)
innervation = posterior: facial nerve; anterior: trigeminal nerve by way of nerve to mylohyoid muscle
action= elevator of the larynx as a whole

intermediate tendon of this muscle goes through a connective tissue pully which is attached to the hyoid bone; usually basses between two parts of the stylohyoid muscle
2 bellies

A

digastric muscle

25
Q

stylohyoid muscle =

A 
origin = styloid process
insertion = hyoid bone
innervation = facial nerve
action = elevator of the larynx as a whole

usually splits to pass on both sides of intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle

26
Q

mylohyoid muscle =

A 
origin = mylohyoid line of the mandible 
insertion = hyoid bone and a connective tissue raphe which extends from the hyoid bone to the mandible in the midline between left and right muscles
innervation = trigeminal nerve (nerve to the mylohyoid muscle)
action = elevator of the larynx as a whole

forms the muscular floor of the mouth

27
Q 
origin = styloid process
insertion = hyoid bone
innervation = facial nerve
action = elevator of the larynx as a whole

usually splits to pass on both sides of intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle

A

stylohyoid muscle

28
Q 
origin = mylohyoid line of the mandible 
insertion = hyoid bone and a connective tissue raphe which extends from the hyoid bone to the mandible in the midline between left and right muscles
innervation = trigeminal nerve (nerve to the mylohyoid muscle)
action = elevator of the larynx as a whole

forms the muscular floor of the mouth

29
Q

geniohyoid muscle =

A

origin = inferior genial tubercle of the mandible
insertion = body of the hyoid bone
innervation = C1, C2 through the hypoglossal nerve
action =

situated above the mylohyoid muscle

30
Q

origin = inferior genial tubercle of the mandible
insertion = body of the hyoid bone
innervation = C1, C2 through the hypoglossal nerve
action =

situated above the mylohyoid muscle

A

geniohyoid

31
Q

the suprahyoid muscles include which muscles and what do they do?

A 
digastric 
stylohyoid
mylohyoid 
geniohyoid
hyoglossus
genioglossus

act on the jaw, mouth, tongue

32
Q

the gland that fills the majority of the digastric/submandibular triangle is

A

submandibular gland

33
Q

cranial nerve 5

A

trigeminal

34
Q

trigeminal nerve supplies:

A

nerve to mylohyoid muscle

anterior belly of the digastric

35
Q

cranial nerve 7

A

facial nerve

36
Q

facial nerve supplies:

A

platysma muscle
stylohyoid
posterior belly of digastric

37
Q

cranial nerve 9

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

38
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve supplies

A

carotid sinus

39
Q

cranial nerve 10

A

vagus nerve

40
Q

vagus nerve travels with:

A

internal carotid artery and internal jugular nerve in the carotid shealth

41
Q

the vagus nerve branches into:

A

superior and inferior cervical cardiac nerves
superior laryngeal nerve (external branch and internal branch)
pharyngeal nerve
recurrent (inferior) laryngeal nerve

42
Q

the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve from the vagus nerve goes to:

A

cricothyroid muscles

root of the tongue

43
Q

the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve from the vagus nerve goes to:

A

passes through the thryohyoid membrane

  • sensory to the laryngeal mucosa above true vocal folds
  • important for cough reflexes
44
Q

pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve passes:

A

between the carotid arteries

45
Q

the right recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around:

A

brachiocephalic trunk

46
Q

the left recurrent laryngeal nerve looks around:

A

the aortic arch

47
Q

passes through the thryohyoid membrane

  • sensory to the laryngeal mucosa above true vocal folds
  • important for cough reflexes
A

internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve from the vagus nerve

48
Q

cranial nerve 11

A

accessory nerve

49
Q

the accessory nerve travels where and innervates which muscles?

A

enters deep surface of sternocleidomastoid muscle high in the neck, innervates that muscles, then crosses the posterior triangle to supply the trapezius

Anatomy (19 decks)

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