Deep Face, Infratemporal fossa

Question 1

what is contained in the temporal fossa?

Answer 1

temporalis muscle and fascia
nerve and blood supply of the temporalis muscle **
some fat

Question 2

what is contained in the infratemporal fossa

Answer 2

medial and lateral pterygoid muscles
maxillary artery and branches
pterygoid plexus of veins
mandibular nerve and branches
otic ganglion (parasympathetic ganglion)
chorda tympani nerve (hooks up with lingual nerve of mandibular nerve)
posterior superior alveolar nerves and vessels

Question 3

what is the otic ganglion?

Answer 3

parasympathetic ganglion with postganglionic neurons that receive preganglionic fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN9) via the lesser petrosal nerve

Question 4

what is the chorda tympani nerve?

Answer 4

branch of the facial nerve (CN VII) which arises from within the temporal bone
carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers destined for the submandibular ganglion
carries taste fibers from taste buds in the anterior two thirds of the tongue (cell bodies in geniculate ganglion)

-travels with the lingual nerve of the mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 5

masseter muscle =

Answer 5

superficial, lateral aspect of the mandible
origin = inferior and medial surface of zygomatic arch
insertion = lateral surface of ramus and angle of mandible
innervation = masseteric nerve from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
action = closes mouth by elevating the mandible, protrudes mandible
blood supply = massenteric artery (from second portion of maxillary artery)

superficial and deep parts

Question 6

superficial, lateral aspect of the mandible
origin = inferior and medial surface of zygomatic arch
insertion = lateral surface of ramus and angle of mandible
innervation = masseteric nerve from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
action = closes mouth by elevating the mandible, protrudes mandible
blood supply = massenteric artery (from second portion of maxillary artery)

superficial and deep parts

Answer 6

masseter muscle

Question 7

temporalis muscle =

Answer 7

origin = temporal fossal and strong temporalis fascia
insertion = coronoid process and the anterior border of the ramus of the mandible
action = closes mouth by elevating mandible
innervation = deep temporal nerves from mandibular nerve (V3)
blood supply = anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries (2nd portion of maxillary)

Question 8

origin = temporal fossal and strong temporalis fascia
insertion = coronoid process and the anterior border of the ramus of the mandible
action = closes mouth by elevating mandible
innervation = deep temporal nerves from mandibular nerve (V3)
blood supply = anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries (2nd portion of maxillary)

Answer 8

temporalis

Question 9

medial pterygoid muscles

Answer 9

lies on the medial aspect of the mandible opposite the masseter
origin = medial side of the lateral pterygoid plate and tuberoisty of the maxilla
insertion = medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible
innervation = nerve to medial pterygoid muscle from V3
blood supply = pterygoid branches of maxillary artery
action = closes the mouth by elevating the mandible, protrudes the mandible

Question 10

lies on the medial aspect of the mandible opposite the masseter
origin = medial side of the lateral pterygoid plate and tuberoisty of the maxilla
insertion = medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible
innervation = nerve to medial pterygoid muscle from V3
blood supply = pterygoid branches of maxillary artery
action = closes the mouth by elevating the mandible, protrudes the mandible

Answer 10

medial pterygoid muscle

Question 11

lateral pterygoid muscles =

Answer 11

origin = infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid bone and lateral surface ofthe lateral pterygoid plate

Question 12

what muscle is the only muscle involved with opening the mouth?

Answer 12

lateral pterygoid muscle

Question 13

which muscle is involved with side to side motion of the mandible?

Answer 13

medial pterygoid muslce

Question 14

which muscle is opposite the masseter muscle on the medial/inside of the mandible?

Answer 14

medial pterygoid

Question 15

the muscles of mastication are supplied by branches from which artery and which nerve?

Answer 15

maxillary artery (pterygoid portion)
and the trigeminal nerve (mandibular nerve, V3)

Question 16

The maxillary artery is divided up into three portions:

Answer 16

mandibular
pterygoid
pterygopalatine

Question 17

the mandibular portion of the maxillary artery has which branches

Answer 17

deep auricular
anterior tympanic
middle meningeal
accessory meningeal
inferior alveolar

Question 18

the pterygoid portion of the maxillary artery has which branches

Answer 18

massenteric artery
anterior and posterior deep temporal
pterygoid arteries
buccal arter

Question 19

the pterygopalatine portion of the maxillary artery has which branches?

Answer 19

posterior superior alveolar
infraorbital
descending palatine
artery of pterygoid canal
pharyngeal artery
shenopalatine

Question 20

the middle meningeal artery travels with which nerve through which space?

Answer 20

foramen spinosum

meningeal branch off the main trunk of the mandibular nerve

Question 21

the mandibular nerve (V3) reaches the infratemporal fossa via:

Answer 21

foramen ovale

Question 22

discuss the branching off the main trunk of the mandibular nerve

Answer 22

meningeal nerve (sensory)
nerve to medial pterygoid (motor)

Question 23

the meningeal nerve carries what fibers?

Answer 23

sensory

Question 24

the nerve to medial pteyrgoid provides motor innvervation to which muscles?

Answer 24

medial pterygoid
tensor veli palatini
tensor tympani

Question 25

discuss the branching off the anterior division of the mandibular nerve

Answer 25

nerve to masseter muscle (motor and sensory)
deep temporal nerve (motor)
nerve to lateral pterygoid (motor)
buccal nerve (sensory)

Question 26

the nerve to masseter muscle contains which fibers and where do they act?

Answer 26

motor fibers for masseter

sensory fibers for TMJ

Question 27

the buccal nerve from the anterior division of the mandibular nerve contains which fibers?

Answer 27

sensory

• sensation to the skin of cheek and the mucous membrane of the cheek side of the oral cavity
• courses between the two heads of the lateral pterygoid muscles

Question 28

discuss the branching of the posterior division of the mandibular nerve

Answer 28

auriculotemporal
lingual nerve
ingferior alveolar

Question 29

what fibers are contained within the auriculotemporal nerve off the mandibular nerve?

Answer 29

post ganglionic parasympthetic (synapsed at otic ganglion outside of foramen ovale)

• parasympathetic fibers innervate parotid gland
• sensory fibers for the front of ear and scalp

Question 30

discuss the progression of the lingual nerve

Answer 30

the lingual nerve branches off the posterior division of the mandibular nerve
carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
chorda tympani (from the facial nerve, CN 7) joins the lingual nerve
courses to the submandibular ganglion
lingual nerve fibers synapse and sends postganglionic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands
chorda tympani doesnt synpase - taste fibers from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

lingual nerve also provides general sensation for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Question 31

discuss the progression of the inferior alveolar nerve

Answer 31

branches off the posterior division of the mandibular nerve
gives off the nerve to the mylohyoid –> innervates the mylohyoid and the anterior belly of the digastric m
inferior alveolar nerve then passes through the mandibular foramen
turns into the mental nerve which leaves the mandible through the mental foramen
provides sensation to the chin and lower teeth

sensory and motor nerves