Key Points For The Heart

Question 1

The heart is a two sided pump how many chambers has it got

Answer 1

Four

Question 2

What is the role of the right atrium

Answer 2

It receives deoxygenated blood from the veins of the body

The veins be in the superior and inferior Veena Carver

Question 3

What is the role of the right ventricle

Answer 3

It pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries

Question 4

What is the role of the left atrium

Answer 4

It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins

Question 5

What is the role of the left ventricle

Answer 5

It pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta

Question 6

The cardiac cycle is the sequence of events in one beat of the heart, what are these events

Answer 6

Number one

Systole i.e. the contraction phase
Which causes a volume of blood to be pumped to the arteries
Number two

Diastole I.e. the relaxation phase
Blood flows into the heart from the veins

This sequence of events in one beat of the heart

Question 7

What is stroke volume

Answer 7

It is the amount of blood pumped out by the ventricles in one contraction

Question 8

What is cardiac output

Answer 8

It is the amount of blood pumped out by the ventricles in one minute

And it is also a product of heart rate and stroke volume

Must be increased with exercise to meet bodies demands

Question 9

Where does the heart receive oxygen rich blood from

Answer 9

The coronary arteries

Question 10

How does the heart adapt to regular endurance training?

Answer 10

It decreases the resting heart rate and increases the stroke volume

HENCE

The cardiac output can be maintained with fewer beats

Question 11

The walls of the four chambers of the heart are made of cardiac muscle, what is this called

Answer 11

The walls of the heart are called the myocardium

Question 12

What is the role of the coronary arteries which surround and pierce the heart

Answer 12

They deliver the oxygen rich blood to the myocardium necessary for the muscle contraction of the heart

Question 13

What is the name of the largest artery in the body

Answer 13

The aorta

Question 14

Why are the left walls of the heart are thicker than the right walls of the heart?

Answer 14

To enable them to contract more forcefully than the right

Question 15

What is the cardiac cycle

Explains contraction and relaxation phase

Answer 15

Sequence of events in one beat of the heart.

Contraction phase is called systole and relaxation phase is called diastole

Question 16

What is the average heart rate of a healthy adult

Answer 16

60to80 BPM

Question 17

What is the average heart rate of a well conditioned individual

Answer 17

35 to 50 BPM

Question 18

What is cardiac hyper Trophy

Answer 18

Heart gets stronger with exercise

Muscles of left ventricle increase in size

Question 19

What is STROKE volume?

Answer 19

The amount of blood pumped out by the ventricles in one contraction
E.g. beat

Question 20

The left walls of the heart are thicker than the right side in order to pump more forcefully, why is this?

Answer 20

In order to reach furthest parts of the body

E.g. the toes

Question 21

What is the STROKE volume of a normal individual at rest

Answer 21

70to80

ML

Question 22

What is the STROKE volume of a well conditioned individual

Answer 22

100 to 110
ML

But records show even up to 200 ML per beat

Question 23

Where does the atria receive blood from

Answer 23

The body or lungs

Question 24

Where does the ventricles pump blood to

Answer 24

Either the body or lungs

Question 25

Explain systole

Answer 25

The contraction phase

Volume of blood pumped to the arteries

In one contraction

Question 26

Explain diastole

Answer 26

The relaxation phase

Blood flows to the heart via the veins

Question 27

Where does the heart receives oxygen rich blood from

Answer 27

The coronary arteries which surround and pierce the heart