ENERGY SYSTEMS Key points Flashcards
What is carbohydrate broken down to in the body and what does it provide
Glucose to provide energy
What is fat broken down to in the body and what does it provide
Is broken down to fatty acids and provides energy
What is protein broken down to in the body and what does it provide for
Broken down to amino acids that can provide energy in extreme circumstances
When all three fuels i.e. carbohydrates, fat, protein or broken down in the body what do they become
A T P
What happens wen A T P loses one of its phosphate bonds
Name two things
Energy is produced
And then becomes A D P
What is the process called when A D P Is resynthesised to A T P
Coupled reaction
What happens when the three fuels are broken down e.g. carbohydrates, fats and protein
It produces A T P Energy is then produced when A T P loses one of its phosphate bonds. When this occurs A T P becomes A D P which is then resynthesised to A T P By a process called coupled reaction
What is the phosphocreatine system?
What does it use?
Where in the body and for how long?
It is an anaerobic system
That uses creatin phosphate which is stored in the muscles in limited supplies
Enough for 6 to 10 seconds of high intensity work.
It is used when someone is going all out and using all their energy
What is the lactic acid system?
What does it utilise and where
It is an anaerobic system that utilises glycogen
It is stored in the muscles in limited amounts
And also the liver
What are glycogen supplies within the muscles sufficient for?
High intensity exercise up to 90 seconds at maximum effort
What is the byproduct of the breakdown of glycogen in the body
And what can happen if the levels are too high
Lactic acid
High levels of lactic acid within the muscles can lead to muscle fatigue
What does the aerobic system mainly use name two things
And what happens to them
Glycogen and fatty acids
They are oxidised within the mitochondria
What is the byproduct of aerobic energy production
Carbon dioxide
And water
What is the predominant energy system used an exercise
It is determined by the intensity
Duration
And type of activity
What are the specific changes to the energy system for special populations?
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