Kapital Dreizehn Flashcards

0
Q

studieren

A

studiert

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1
Q

Past participles-recognition

A

1.ge- prefix +
Weak verb end in -(e)t
Strong verb end in -en, stem vowel change
Irregular weak verb -t, stem vowel change
2.Inseparable prefix verbs take no ge- prefix
3.-ieren also take no ge- prefix and end in -t
4.not all verbs with a ge- prefix will be past participles
5.ge- prefix of separable prefix verbs is found between the separableprefix and the stem

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2
Q

zerstören

A

zerstört, to destroy / destroyed

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3
Q

verbinden

A

to unite/ united , verbunden

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4
Q

einsetzen

A

to put in, eingesetzt

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5
Q

aussehen

A

to appear , ausgesehen

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6
Q

gehören

A

gehört, to belong - belonged

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7
Q

gelingen

A

gelungen, to succeed - succeeded

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8
Q

geschehen

A

geschehen, to happen - happened

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9
Q

wagen

A

to dare , gewagt

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10
Q

zweifeln

A

to doubt, gezweifelt

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11
Q

schreien

A

to cry, geschrieen

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12
Q

ziehen

A

to pull, gezogen

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13
Q

wenden

A

to turn, gewandt (gewendet)

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14
Q

denken

A

to think, gedacht

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15
Q

schwanken

A

to sway, geschwankt

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16
Q

schaffen

A

to create, geschaffen

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17
Q

rasieren

A

to shave, rasiert

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18
Q

ausgebrechen

A

to break out, ausgebrochen

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19
Q

ausrotten

A

to exterminate灭种, ausgerottet

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20
Q

sich entscheiden

A

to decide, entschieden

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21
Q

beleidigen

A

to offend, insult, beleidigt

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22
Q

abändern

A

to alter, abgeändert

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23
Q

meanings of present perfect tense
Ich habe vier Jahre lang studiert.
Ihr seid aber groß geworden!
Sie haben mich schon oft besucht.

A

I attended the university for four years.(event ended in the past)
You have gotten tall! (action began in the past and its effects are related to the present)
You have often visited me. (intermittent action in the past continuing up to the present)

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24
Q

Whendo we use sein + past part. for perfect tense?

A

when the verb is intransitive and shows motion, or a change of position or condition.

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25
Q

when does present/past tense trans. into present/past perfect progressive?

A

present usually adding seit (since) and/or schon (already), erst (only), or similar expressions:
Er raucht schon lange.
Er raucht erst seit letzten Sonntag.

past adding seit and/or schon
Er rauchte schon seit zwei Jahren, als er plötzlich Krebs bekam.
He had been smoking for two years when he suddenly got cancer.

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26
Q

das Morgenland / das Abendland

A

the orient, the East / the occident, the West

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27
Q

der Untergang

A

(down)/all, decline

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28
Q

das Raubtier

A

wild animal, beast of prey

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29
Q

der abschnitt

A

section(in a book)

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30
Q

das Unglück, -(e)s, -e

A

accident, disaster, misfortune, unhappiness

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31
Q

der Tugendbold

A

paragon of virtue(ironical)道德模范

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32
Q

das Blatt, -(e)s, ä-er

A

leaf, sheet, page, magazine

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33
Q

erregen

A

to excite, stir up, to stimulate, / erregt

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34
Q

die Schlacht, -, -en

A

battle

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35
Q

die Schlächterei, -, - en

A

slaughter

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36
Q

schlachten

A

to slaughter, geschlachtet

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37
Q

der Bolschewist, -en, -en / die -in, -, -nen

A

Bolshevist布尔什维克党,或指左翼团体

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38
Q

die Tatsache

39
Q

die Urtatsache

A

original fact

40
Q

der Kampf

41
Q

Das gelingt den Pazifisten nicht.

A

The pacifists do not succeed in that.(Note the use of the dative with the impersonal verb.)

42
Q

der Jammer

43
Q

jämmerlich

A

adj. pitiful, miserable

adv. pitifully, miserably

44
Q

plötzlich

45
Q

der Krebs, -es, -e

A

crab蟹, crustacean甲壳类水生物;

cancer

46
Q

vermeiden

A

to avoid / vermieden

47
Q

wagen / wegen

A

to dare / because of

48
Q

altgeworden

49
Q

die Trümmer

A

pl. noun fragments, ruins
in Trümmern liegen , to be in ruins;
in Trümmer gehen , to be ruined

50
Q

edel

51
Q

das Geschöpf, -(e)s, -e

A

creation, creature

52
Q

entrüsten

A

to provoke

53
Q

entrüstet

A

adj. indignant (angry and surprised because you feel insulted or unfairly treated)

55
Q

morden

Ein Lustmörder ist jemand, der aus sexueller Lust mordet.

A

to murder

A Lustmörder is someone who murders because of sexual desire.

56
Q

erfahren

A

to experience, to find out about, to hear about / erfahren

57
Q

heimlich

58
Q

der Gegner

59
Q

…, wenn sie den Mord an einem politischen Gegner erfuhren.

A

…, whenever they heard of the murder of a political opponent.

60
Q

zurückkehren

61
Q

gelangen

A

to reach, to attain

62
Q

darüber hinaus

A

above and beyond that

63
Q

der Zahn, -(e)s, ä-e

64
Q

das Geschrei

A

shouting, screams

65
Q

voIlkommen

A

adj. perfect

66
Q

lügen

A

= to lie, cheat

67
Q

verlogen

A

adj. false, lying, untruthful

68
Q

die Verlogenheit

A

untruthfulness, lying

69
Q

das Ereignis, -ses, -se

A

event, occurrence (= Vorfall) incident (besonderes) occasion

70
Q

deshalb

A

adv conj therefore (= aus diesem Grunde, darüber) because of that (= dafür) for that

71
Q

so wenig … so sieher

So wenig man von der Zukunft weiß, so sicher ist es, daß …

A

as little as …nonetheless certain

As little as one knows of the future,it is nonetheless certain …

72
Q

die bewegenden Mächte der Zukunft keine anderen sind als die der Vergangenheit.

A

the moving powers of the future arenone other than those of the past.

73
Q

besitzen

A

to possess, to own / past. besaß, past part. besessen

74
Q

der Besitz

Die bewegenden Mächte sind die: der Wille des Starkeren, die gesunden In-stinkte, die Rasse, der Wille zu Besitz.

A

possession

The moving forces are these: the will of the stronger man, healthy instincts, race,the will to possession.

75
Q

wirken

A

to work, to effect, to act

76
Q

die Wirkung

A

action, effect

77
Q

wirkungslos

A

ineffectual, futile

ineffectually

78
Q

darüber hin

A

over that (them), above that(above them)

79
Q

der Zufall

A

fate, chance

80
Q

meist

A

=meistens, adv. mostly, usually

81
Q

das Genie, -s, -s

A

genius天才

82
Q

der Greis

A

der alte Mann

83
Q

Der Jüngling

84
Q

die Gewißheit

85
Q

die Ehe

86
Q

das Ziel

87
Q

die Leere

88
Q

der Junggeselle

89
Q

weiblich

A

adj. female, faminine

90
Q

schöpferisch

A

adj. creative, productive

adv.

91
Q

fürchten fürchtet

A

to fear, he fears, gefürchtet
fear sb./ s.th.
+ dat. , be afraid of
+ für, fear for

92
Q

vollenden

A

to complete, vollendet

93
Q

die Vollendung

A

completion

94
Q

etwas gegen etw einzuwenden haben

A

have an objection to sth

95
Q

sich entrüsten

A

to become indignant