🗿 Julio-Claudians Flashcards
What is another term for the empire?
principate
In what year did the Roman empire begin?
27 BC
In what year did the Western Roman empire end?
476 AD
What dynasty lasted from 27 BC - 68 AD?
Julio-Claudian
What was the original name of Augustus?
Octavian
To what did Octavian change his name when he became emperor?
Augustus
Which emperor ruled from 27 BC - 14 AD?
Augustus
What is the term for the period of relative stability throughout the empire until the death of Marcus Aurelius?
Pax Romana
Which emperor was responsible for the recovery of the legionary standards lost by Crassus at Carrhae in 53 BC?
Augustus
Augustus recovered the legionary standards lost by which triumvir at Carrhae in 53 BC?
Crassus
What is the Ara Pacis?
Altar of Peace
Which emperor dedicated the Ara Pacis in Rome in 9 BC?
Augustus
What chief lieutenant of Augustus built the Pantheon?
Agrippa
What temple did Augutus’ chief leiutenant Agrippa build?
Pantheon
Which emperor later renovated the Pantheon?
Hadrian
Which temple’s doors were closed for the second time during Augustus’ reign signifying peace?
Temple of Janus
During which emperor’s reign were the doors of Temple of Janus closed for the second time?
Augustus
What does closing the doors of the Temple of Janus signify?
peace
Which emperor reportedly said “I found Rome a city of brick, and left it a city of marble”?
Augustus
Which emperor exiled the poet Ovid for scandalous poetry?
Augustus
Which author did Augustus exile for his scandalous poetry?
Ovid
What author cites the reason for his exile as “carmen et error”?
Ovid
What three word phrase does the poet Ovid cite as the reason for his exile?
carmen et error
Which emperor famously said “festina lente”?
Augustus
What does “festina lente” mean?
make haste slowly
Which emperor reportedly said “acta est fabula” before he died?
Augustus
What did Augustus reportedly say before he died?
acta est fabula
What does “acta est fabula” mean?
the story is finished
At what battle in 9 AD were three Roman legions led by Varus completely destroyed by Arminius and the Germans?
Teutoberg Forest
What Roman general was responsible for the disastrous defeat at the Teutoberg Forest?
Quinctilius Varus
What Germanic chieftain destroyed three Roman legions in the Teutoberg Forest?
Arminius / Herman the German
Who reportedly shouted “Varus give me back my legions” after the disaster at Teutoberg Forest?
Augustus
Who was the first wife of Augustus?
Scribonia
Who was the daughter of Augustus and Scribonia?
Julia
What nephew of Augustus did his daughter Julia marry?
Marcellus
What son-in-law of Augustus married his daughter Julia but died young with no hier?
Marcellus
After Marcellus died, who did Julia marry?
Agrippa
How many children did Agrippa and Julia have?
5
Whose 5 children included Gaius & Lucius Caesar, and Agrippina the Elder?
Julia & Agrippa
What stepson of Augustus was Julia’s third husband?
Tiberius
Who was the son of Agrippina the Elder and Germanicus?
Caligula
What nephew of Tiberius was the father of Caligula?
Germanicus
Who was Augustus’ second wife?
Livia
What son of Livia and stepson of Augustus succeeded Augustus as emperor?
Tiberius
Who recovered the standards lost by Varus in the Teuroberg Forest?
Germanicus
Who was the first emperor to be deified after his death?
Augustus
Which emperor eventually left Rome to rule from his palace on the island of Capri?
Tiberius
From what island did Tiberius rule for the last ten years of his reign?
Capri
Which unpopular emperor said “oderint dum probent”?
Tiberius
What does “oderint dum probent” mean?
let them hate so long as they approve
What evil advisor of Tiberius held great influence and executed many innocent men for treason?
Sejanus
Who was executed for treason in 31 AD after executing many innocent men?
Sejanus
What sister-in-law of Tiberius had revealled the crimes of Sejanus to him?
Antonia
What woman revealed the crimes of Sejanus to Tiberius?
Antonia
After Sejanus was executed, who became Praetorian Prefect?
Macro
Who replaced Sejanus as Praetorian Prefect?
Macro
What does “Caligula” mean?
little boot
Which emperor received his nickname as a little boy from the soldiers under his father’s command?
Caligula
What great general was the father of Caligula?
Germanicus
Which emperor named his horse Incitatus a senator?
Caligula
What horse did Caligula name a senator?
Incitatus
Which member of the praetorian guard assassinated Caligula?
Cassius Chaerea
Which emperor was assassinated by Cassius Chaerea in 41 BC?
Caligula
Which emperor was well-known for having a stutter?
Claudius
Who was found hiding behind a curtain and made emperor after Caligula’s assassination?
Claudius
Which emperor invaded and conquered Britain in 43 AD?
Claudius
Which province did Claudius add in 43 AD?
Britannia
Which emperor relied heavily on his freedmen as his chief advisors?
Claudius
What third wife of Claudius was executed for marrying another man and conspiring against him?
Messalina
Who executed his wife Messalina for marrying another man and conspiring against him?
Claudius
Who was the fourth wife of Claudius?
Agrippina the Younger
Who was the son of Claudius and Messalina?
Britannicus
Who were the parents of Britannicus?
Claudius & Messalina
Who was the son of Agrippina the Younger?
Nero
What stepson of Claudius married his daughter Octavia?
Nero
What daughter of Claudius did Nero marry?
Octavia
Which emperor was reportedly killed by a bowl of poison mushrooms?
Claudius
What poisonous food was said to have killed Claudius?
mushrooms
Who reportedly served Claudius a bowl of poisoned mushrooms?
Agrippina the Younger
Who killed Britannicus to secure his own ascension to the imperial throne?
Nero
What son of Claudius did Nero kill to secure his ascension to the imperial throne?
Britannicus
Who were Nero’s two famous teachers?
Seneca and Burrus
Which emperor was instructed by Seneca and Burrus during the first five years of his reign?
Nero
Which emperor had his wife Octavia put to death?
Nero
Which emperor ordered the assassination of his mother Agrippina the Younger?
Nero
Who survived several assassination attempts by her son Nero?
Agrippina the Younger
Who surivived an attempt to sink her ship at sea?
Agrippina the Younger
What admiral of Nero’s fleet beat Agrippina the Younger to death?
Anicetus
Who was beaten to death by Anicetus after several failed assassination attempts by Nero?
Agrippina the Younger
What teacher of Nero was forced to commit suicide in 65 AD because of his involvement in the Pisonian Conspiracy?
Seneca the Younger
Who formed a conspiracy against Nero in 65 AD which implicated several famous Romans?
Piso
What religious group did Nero persecute?
Christians
Who ruled during the Great Fire of 64 AD?
Nero
Who built his Domus Aurea on the land cleared by the Great Fire of 64 AD?
Nero
What did Nero build on the land cleared by the Great Fire in 64 AD?
Domus Aurea
Which emperor reportedly played his fiddle as he watched Rome burn?
Nero
What did Nero reportedly do while Rome burned?
played his fiddle
What British queen led a large rebellion against Nero?
Boudicca
Which emperor had to deal with the rebellion of Boudicca in Britain?
Nero
In 68 AD who led a rebellion against Nero?
Vindex
Who put down the rebellion of Vindex in 68 AD?
Verginius Rufus
Who rebelled against Nero in 68 AD?
Vindex
Whose rebellion was put down by Verginius Rufus in 68 AD?
Vindex
What Roman general bribed the praetorian guards to desert Nero?
Galba
Which emperor’s final words were “qualis artifex pereo”?
Nero
What does “qualis artifex pereo” mean?
what an artist dies in me
Who reportedly said “qualis artifex pereo” before he had his servant plunge a sword into him?
Nero
Name the five Julio-Claudian emperors.
Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero
