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what > 3️⃣ Week 3 Certamen > Flashcards

3️⃣ Week 3 Certamen Flashcards

1
Q

Who was reported to have announced “alea iacta est” before crossing the Rubicon and sparking a civil war in 49 BC?

A

(Gaius) Julius Caesar

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2
Q

At what battle in 31 BC did Octavian defeat the forces of Antony and Cleopatra?

A

Actium

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3
Q

Off the coast of what city in Epirus does Octavian defeat the forces of Antony and Cleoptra in 31 BC?

A

Actium

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4
Q

By entrenching himself in a series of double barricades Caesar was able to beseige what Gallic stronghold and defeat the Arverni in 52 BC?

A

Alesia

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5
Q

At what battle in 102 BC were Teutobod and the Teutones defeated by Marius?

A

Aquae Sextiae

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6
Q

Where were the forces of King Teutobod massacred by a Roman army in 102 BC?

A

Aquae Sextiae

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7
Q

After what disaster in 105 BC was Marius called upon to deal with the threat of the Cimbri and Teutones?

A

Battle of Arausio

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8
Q

The year 59 BC was jokingly referred to as the year of Gaius and Caesar because of the lack of influence of what co-consular colleague of Caesar?

A

Bibulus

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9
Q

What king of Mauretania betrayed Jugurtha by turning him over to Sulla in 106 BC?

A

Bocchus

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10
Q

Who was murdered in the Theater of Pompey on March 15, 44 BC?

A

C. Julius Caesar

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11
Q

What nickname was given to the son of Cleopatra by Julius Caesar?

A

Caesarion

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12
Q

From 86-84 BC what consul was the virtual ruler of Rome?

A

Cinna

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13
Q

What daughter of Scipio Africanus referred to her two sons as her jewels?

A

Cornelia

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14
Q

Whose careless haste in engaging the Parthains at Carrhae resulted in molten gold being poured down his throat after his defeat?

A

Crassus

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15
Q

What conflict began when Manius Aquilius compelled Nicomedes IV to attack Pontus?

A

First Mithridatic War

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16
Q

Redistribution of grain, the estblishment of the colony Iunonia, and the extension of citizenship to Latins were proposals by what tribune which designated him as a target of the Senatus Consultum Ultimum?

A

Gaius Gracchus

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17
Q

What tribune attempted to establish a colony at Iunonia in 122 BC?

A

Gaius Gracchus

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18
Q

What Numidian chieftain declared Rome “a city for sale” because of the ease with which he was able to bribe several Roman consuls into inaction?

A

Jugurtha

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19
Q

Who declares Rome a city for sale during attempted negotiations with Calpurnius Bestia?

A

Jugurtha

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20
Q

Bocchus received the western portion of Numidia after what king was handed over to the Romans in 104 BC?

A

Jugurtha

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21
Q

What conflict began when all of the Roman citizens of Cirta were slaughtered after the city was besieged in 111 BC?

A

Jugurthine War

22
Q

Who won battles at Vosges, Bibracte, and Alesia in route to conquering Gallia Transalpina in the mid 1st Century BC?

A

Julius Caesar

23
Q

Who negotiated with Bocchus for the surrender of Jugurtha?

A

L. Cornelius Sulla

24
Q

Who was granted the first senatus consultum ultimum to deal with the radical Gaius Gracchus?

A

L. Opimius

25
Q

What law of 67 BC granted Pompey six months of imperium to deal with the Mediterranean pirates?

A

Lex Gabinia

26
Q

What law of 66 BC granted Pompey command against Mithridates?

A

Lex Manilia

27
Q

What law of 43 BC legalized the Second Triumvirate?

A

Lex Titia

28
Q

At what site did Pompey, Caesar, and Crassus meet to form the First Triumvirate?

A

Luca

29
Q

Upon hearing the news that his political enemies had been attacking his conduct during the Gallic Wars, where did Caesar meet with Crassus and Pompey to renew their political alliance in 56 BC?

A

Luca

30
Q

Who did Pompey replace in command against Mithridates by means of the Lex Gabinia?

A

Lucullus

31
Q

Who was given the cognomen Ponticus for his campaigns against Mithridates?

A

Lucullus

32
Q

What tribune, because he vetoed his collegue’s radical proposals was removed from office in 133 BC?

A

M. Octavius

33
Q

Which enemy of Rome committed suicide at Panticapaeum in 63 BC after leading Pontus in 3 wars against the Romans?

A

Mithridates VI

34
Q

Off the coast of what city near the Straits of Messana did Sextus Pompey suffer a crushing defeat against the forces of Octavian in 36 BC?

A

Naulochus

35
Q

At what battle in 36 BC did Agrippa, commanding Octavian’s army, defeat the forces of Sextus Pompey?

A

Naulochus

36
Q

After what battle in 42 BC do Brutus and Cassius commit suicide?

A

Philippi

37
Q

What Roman general, endowed with the power of the Lex Gabinia, completed the reduction of Mediterranean pirates in only 90 days?

A

Pompey

38
Q

Who was executed by Pothinus and Achillas when he fled to Egypt after the battle of Pharsalus?

A

Pompey

39
Q

Whose career as tribune began in 103 BC with legislation to provide land settlements to Marius’ veterans and ended with a senātūs cōnsultum ultimum and a shower of roof tiles?

A

Saturninus

40
Q

Who starved Numantia into submission?

A

Scipio Aemilianus

41
Q

What ex-consul led the mob which clubbed Tiberius Gracchus to death along with 300 of his followers?

A

Scipio Nasica

42
Q

Who allied himself with Crixus and Oenomaus to spark a three year slave rebellion throughout Italy?

A

Spartacus

43
Q

Whose march upon Rome in 82 BC endured its final check when he defeated a combined force of Samnites and Populares at the Colline Gate?

A

Sulla

44
Q

Who bribed the Mauretanian king Bocchus to hand over his son-in-law Jugurtha?

A

Sulla

45
Q

What two brothers, the “jewels” of their mother Cornelia Scipio, were killed during the Second Century BC because of their radical political reforms?

A

Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus

46
Q

By allying himself with Appius Claudius Pulcher, Publius Licinius Crassus, and the jurist Mucius Scaevola, what tribune secured much needed support for a string of radical proposals which end with him being clubbed to death on the Capitoline Hill?

A

Tiberius Gracchus

47
Q

Whose heroic deeds such as being the first over the wall of Numantia, and saving the entrapped army of Hostilius Mancinus were quickly forgotten when he was clubbed to death on the Capitolin because of his radical proposals?

A

Tiberius Gracchus

47
Q

Who rescued Hostilius Mancinus and his entrapped army from the Numantians?

A

Tiberius Gracchus

48
Q

Where were the forces of King Boiorix and the Cimbri massacred by a Roman army in 101 BC?

A

Vercellae

49
Q

What Arvernian chieftan was defeated by Caesar at Alesia in 52 BC?

A

Vercingetorix

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