Journal club L9 Flashcards
In autoradiography, the tissue is sectioned and ___ onto microscope slides. The slides are then incubated in solution that contains ___ _____ that binds to the receptor of interest. Then an ____ film is produced by the pattern of ____ emissions from the radiolabelled ligands. Then the radiolabelled ligand binding is _____ (measured as optical binding density), and background and ___ binding OBDs are subtracted from the OBD values of the regions of interest. This is control for the solution having different ___ of ligands, ____ looking slightly different, etc., so we can look at _____. Then in a separate sample, both the radiolabelled ligand and a high concentration of a _____ _____ ligand will be added, which will prevent any radiolabelled ligand from binding. This will control for any ____ labelling that occurs, as the radiolabelled ligand may bind to other receptors that are not of interest
mounted, radiolabelled, x-ray, decay, quantified nonspecific, concentration, tissues, relativity, known nonradioactive, off-target
In the social conditioned place preference test, the animals are placed in an apparatus where one of the chambers has a _____. You can house the animal in ___ cages where one has a ______ and one is in isolation. The goal is to create an ____ memory between the cues of the chamber and the social interaction. This requires social ____, as the animal needs to pay attention to cues in the apparatus, social _____, because animals needs to recognize cues in the apparatus, and social ____, for the associative cues
conspecific, separate, mate, associative, salience, recognition, memory
In the social T-maze task, a test animal is allowed to choose to enter either an arm with a ___ or a ____ reward, and then the door is closed behind them so that their choice is permanent. In the testing phase, the rewards are ____ and the animal is allowed to choose arms. If the arms are kept constant, ____ ____ is needed to retrieve the spatial memory of the locations of the social and nonsocial rewards. If the arms are switched up, the task requires _____ and ____
conspecific, nonsocial reward, removed, social memory, salience, recognition
In the PR for social reward paradigm, a higher ___ is interpreted as greater _____ for seeking social contact
breakpoint, motivation
In Berendzen et al’s study, 3 different varieties of _____ knockout mice were created, and the ____ ___, ___ and ___ ___ were checked to validate this mutation
OXTR, medial PFC, NAcc, Central amygdala
Then the animals were housed with a test animal for ___ days. There was a 2 hour _____ test where the test animal could move freely, but familiar and stranger animals were ____ to one of three chambers. The apparatus was either one with the 3 chambers completely ____, one where all animals could ___ each other across the rooms. After the partner test, the pairs were kept in cages and dams gave birth to litters.
7, interaction, tethered, separated, see
Measures were ____/_____ ____, ___ to the stranger (number of attacks), ____, ____ ____, ____ contact, and ____, as well as _____ ____ and health
affiliation / pair bonding, aggression, mating, nest occupancy, pup-directed contact, nursing, pup survival
By measuring the amount of OXT being ___ in the ____, the authors showed that there was no ____ changes in OXT and AVP mRNA levels between mutants and wildtypes
synthesized, hypothalamus, compensatory
Both wild types and ____ show preferential huddling with their _____. Huddling was also higher in the apparatus where all animals could ___ each other.
mutants, partners, see
all animals did not show aggression to their ____. All animals in the apparatus where all chambers were _____ showed greater number of attacks to ____.
partners, separated, strangers
There was no difference in ___ ____ for wild types and mutants for both fathers and mothers, or _____ ____. ____ was seen in both mutant and wild type ____. In other words, ___ ___ were still seen in mutants
nest occupancy, pup-directed contact, nursing, mothers, parental behaviours
there was a ____ ___ ___ in pups born to mutant dams, These pups also ____ significantly less at weaning, suggesting a defect in ____ ____ or in _____ ___.
smaller survival rate, weighed, milk let-down, nursing behaviour
The benefits of using the OXTR mutants were that we could see what the brain does ____ this molecule from birth. However, this means the manipulation is ___ and other ___ could be used to ____
without, permanent, pathways, compensate
The authors conclude that either OXTR signalling is _____ for pair-bonding and parenting and previous _____ studies reflect _____ effects of oxytocin, or that OXTR and V1aR signalling ____ modulate pair-bonding and parenting, or that OXT acts entirely on the ____ to regulate these behaviours
unecessary, pharmacological, off-target, redundantly, V1aR
