Joints 23 Flashcards
Explain what joints are?
The point of contact between bone and bone, cartilage and bone, and teeth and bones.
What are joints supported by?
Ligaments, joint capsules and surrounding muscle.
what are the different classified motions of joints?
Immovable, slightly immovable, freely movable.
Name the 3 structural joint classifications.
fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, synovial joints.
describe fibrous joints.
Joints with no cavity, just fibrous connective tissue- collagen rich
Describe cartilaginous joints.
Bones held together by cartilage.
describe synovial joints.
Have synovial cavity & dense irregular tissue of articular capsule and ligaments.
What is the functional name for immoveable joints and name examples.
‘Synarthroses’, pelvis, teeth, sutures of skull.
What parts of the body contain immoveable joints (synarthroses)
Pelvis, teeth, sutures of skull.
What is the functional name of joints with ‘slight movement’ and name examples.
‘Amphiarthroses’, vertebrae, epiphysis, tibia-fibula and pelvic symphysis.
What parts of the body contain slightly moveable joints.
epiphysis, tibia-fibula, pelvic symphysis, vertebrae.
What is the functional name of joints with free movement?
‘Diathroses’, all are synovial joints.
What is the movement in fibrous joints?
Little or no movement.
Types of fibrous joints.
Suture (skull), syndesmosis (tibia & fibula),
gomphosis 9tooth rot in socket)
what is the functional classification of the fibrous ‘suture’ joint?
Synarthrosis eg immoveable.
what is the functional classification of the fibrous joint ‘syndesmosis (tibia & fibula)’?
Amphiarthrosis ( slight movement).
what is the functional classification of the fibrous joint ‘gomphosis (tooth rot)’?
Synarthrosis, immoveable.
What type of movement do cartilaginous joints have?
Little to no movement, synarthroses or amphiarthroses.
What are the two cartilaginous joints?
Synchondrosis - hyaline cartilage,
symphysis -fibrocartilage.
What is the functional name for the cartilaginous joint ‘synchondrosis’ (hyaline cartilage)?
synarthroses, immovable.
what is the functional name for the cartilaginous joint, ‘symphysis’ (fibrocartilage)?
amphiathroses , slight movement.
What do synovial joints contain?
Synovial cavity,
articular cartilage,
articular capsule,
synovial fluid,
ligaments,
some contain menisci.
Describe the disorder ‘Rheumatism’
Any pain from bones, ligaments, tendons , joints or muscles.
Describe Arthritis.
Inflammation of joints accompanied by stiffness.
Describe Rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
an autimmune disease and is characterised by inflammation of the synovial membranes.
Describe osteoarthritis.
A degenerative joint disease characterised by deterioration of the articular cartilage.
Describe what happens during the aging of joints.
The synovial fluid production slows,
the articular cartilage thins,
ligaments shorten and lose flexibility.
All of these result in reduced flexibility.
