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Anatomy > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

0
Q

Articulation

A

Site where two or more bones meet

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1
Q

Joint

A

Weakest parts of the skeleton

Give mobility & hold skeleton together

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2
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Little to no movement takes place in the joint

Ex) sutures in the skull

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3
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Slightly moveable joints

Ex) vertebrae, carpals, & tarsals

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4
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Freely or very movable joints

Includes a synovial joint cavity

Ex) elbow, knee, shoulder

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5
Q

Synovial Joint Cavity

A

Oil-like fluid that helps against friction

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6
Q

Fibrous Joints

A

Joined by fibrous tissue
No joint cavity
Typically immovable

Ex) sutures, syndesmoses, & gomphoses

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7
Q

Sutures

A

Immovable, fibrous joints fount only in the skull.

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8
Q

Syndesmoses

A

Joints where only fibrous ct ligaments bind 2 bones together.

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9
Q

Gomphoses

A

Holds teeth in place

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10
Q

Strained

A

Overstreached

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11
Q

Sprained

A

Torn

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12
Q

Cartilaginous Joints

A

Articulating bones are united by cartilage
Lack joint cavity

Ex) synchondroses & symphyses

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13
Q

Synchodrosis

A

Help together by Hyaline cartilage

Little to no movement

Ex) epiphyseal plates

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14
Q

Symphyses

A

Hyaline cartilage articulates surface of bone

Amphiarthrotic joints- designed for strength

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15
Q

Synovial joints

A

Always separated by a fluid containing cavity, filled with synovial fluid.

Freely movable

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16
Q

Synovial Joints include..

A
  • Articular cartilage
  • Articular capsule
  • Synovial cavity
  • Synovial fluid
  • Reinforcing ligaments
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17
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Lubricating fluid that helps with frictionless ROM

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18
Q

Joint Capsule (Articular Capsule)

A

Holds the fluid in the joint

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19
Q

Synovial Membrane

A

Manufactures synovial fluid

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20
Q

Bursae

A

Flattened, fibrous sacs lined with the synovial membrane. Also contains synovial fluid

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21
Q

Tendon Sheath

A

Elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon

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22
Q

Articular surfaces

A

Shape determines what movements are possible

23
Q

Ligaments

A

Unite bones and prevent excessive or undesirable motion

24
Q

Origin

A

Attachment to the immovable bone

25
Q

Insertion

A

Attachment to the movable bone

26
Q

Nonaxial/Monaxial/Uniaxial

A

Slipping movements only or movement in one plane

27
Q

Biaxial

A

Movement in two planes

28
Q

Multiaxial

A

Movement in or around all three planes

Ex) hips/shoulder

29
Q

Types of Synovial Joints

A
  • Gliding (Planar) Joints
  • Hinge Joints
  • Pivot Joints
  • Condyloid Joint
  • Saddle Joint
  • Ball & Socket Joint
30
Q

Gliding (Planar) Joint

A

Glide along each other in small ROM

Monaxial joint

Ex) carpals

31
Q

Hinge Joints

A

Concave surface moves on a convex surface.

Monaxial joint

Ex) knee, elbow

32
Q

Pivot Joints

A

One bone pivots or rotates according to the other bone

Monaxial

Ex) rotation

33
Q

Condyloid (Ellipsoid) Joint

A

Oval convex surface fitting into & on oval concave surface.

Baxial joint

34
Q

Saddle Joint

A

Like two pringles lying on each other

Only 2 in your body

35
Q

Ball & Socket Joint

A

Found in the shoulder & hip

Multiaxial joint

36
Q

Gliding

A

Back and forth & side to side

37
Q

Flexion

A

Decrease in the angle of a joint

Ex) bring arm forward

38
Q

Extension

A

Increase angle of a joint

Ex) bring arm behind you

39
Q

Hyperextension

A

Beyond 180 degrees

40
Q

Abduction

A

Moves away from midsaggital line

41
Q

Adductor

A

Moves towards midsaggital line

42
Q

Circumduction

A

One end doesn’t move while the other end makes circular motion

43
Q

Rotation

A

Bone turns on longitudinal axis

44
Q

Elevation vs. Depression

A

Raises bone vertically

The opposite of elevation

45
Q

Protraction/Retraction

A

Moves bone forward

Moves bone backwards

Ex) jaw

46
Q

Inversion/Eversion

A

Soles of feet pointing inward

Soles of feet pointing outward

47
Q

Dorsiflexion/Plantar flexion

A

Toes to chin

Tippy toes

48
Q

Supination/Pronation

A

Palm faces upward

Palm faces backward

49
Q

Opposition/Reposition

A

Thumb to little finger

Thumb in reg position

50
Q

ACL

A

Prevents hyperextension

51
Q

PCL

A

Prevents femur from sliding off tibia

52
Q

Meniscus

A

Absorbs shock

53
Q

Shoulder Joint (Glenohuneral)

A

5 ligaments that support the shoulder, but little support/protection on axial part of shoulder.

54
Q

Radial Annular Ligament

A

Allows rotation from palm up to palm down

Anatomy (14 decks)

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