Introduction to NHPA's Flashcards
Define: NHPA
a collaborative initiative endorsed by the Commonwealth Government and all state and territory governments. The NHPA initiative seeks to focus the health sector’s attention on diseases and conditions that have a major impact on the health of Australians. The NHPAs represent the disease groups with the largest BOD and potential costs to the Australian community
NHPA’s are overseen by
the national health priority action council
NHPA’s aim to involve as many ______ as possibke
stakeholders
Define: stakeholders
people/groups/organisations who are involved/affected by a course of action in reducing BOD associated with these conditions (eg. government, NGO’s and the private sector)
WHy are NHPA’s selected?
o They contribute significantly to the BOD (specifically, YLL or YLD)
o There is potential for significant improvements in health to be made (ie. they are largely preventable/manageable conditions)
o There is potential for a range of strategies to be implemented that can improve health in these areas
o They contribute significant cost to both individuals and communities
o There is potential to reduce health inequalities between population groups
Define: direct costs
costs associated with prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease and disability.
Direct costs to individuals?
- Ambulance transport
- Potential gap payments for doctor/specialist fees and surgery/hospital fees not covered by medicare/private health insurance
- Pharmaceuticals – full cost or co-payments if on PBS Most d exams and treatment
- Most physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, chiropractic services, podiatry, psychology services, acupuncture
- Glasses and contact lenses, hearing aids
- Home nursing
Direct costs to communities?
Usually paid through Medicare, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and private health insurance providers
• Doctor/specialist consultation fees
• Diagnostic tests eg. sight (by optometristS), blood/pathology tests, X rays not covered by Medicare
• Some surgical procedures by approved d
• Operating public and private hospitals
• Costs associated with implementing health promotion programs
• Taxes paid towards Medicare and PBS
Define: indirect costs
costs not directly associated with the diagnosis and treatment of a disease but occur as a result of the person having a disease
indirect costs to individuals?
• Costs of additional services (lawn mowers/housekeepers)
• Transport costs if unable
to drive
IF NOT WORKING:
• Loss of income is can’t work (especially if for long periods or self employed)
indirect costs to communities?
• Loss of productivity of businesses (eg. due to lost employees)
IF NOT WORKING:
• Social security payments (if a person is unable to work)
• Welfare if injured
• Loss of taxation revenue (don’t pay tax if not working in long term, less financial resources to support community
Define: intangible costs
things that cannot be measured physically or with a monetary measure.
intangible costs to the individual?
- Pain and suffering
- Stress (at impact and outcome of condition)
- Loss of self esteem (esp. if can’t do the things they used to do)
- Loss of participation in social activities (eg. coaching or volunteering)
- Loss of self esteem
- Lifestyle changes
intangible costs to the community?
• Loss of participation in social activities
• Emotional impacts on related people (stress, concern, grief)
* lifestyle changes
Define: health promotion
the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health
