Genetics

Question 1

How are genetics determined?

Answer 1

at fertilisation, when sperm and egg fuse to form a zygote. 23 pairs of chromosomes inc sex chromosomes

Question 2

Define: gene mutation

Answer 2

DNA in a cell is damaged or changed, which permanently alters the cell’s genetic information.

Question 3

Define: genetic predisposition to disease

Answer 3

When genes don’t directly cause a condition but make them more likely to develop it

Question 4

Caused by?

Answer 4

Birth
Gene mutation
Genetic predisposition

Question 5

Can lead to?

Answer 5

• Gender differences in conditions
o Males more likely to have haemophilia (blood doesn’t clot, and X-linked recessive)
o Women can’t get prostate/testicular cancer
o Men can’t get ovarian cancer, and are less likely to get breast cancer due to smaller breasts
• Gene mutations can lead to genetic conditions (eg. Downs Syndrome)

Question 6

Define: genetic conditions

Answer 6

conditions as a direct result of a cell’s genetic information