introduction to medicine products (and pharmaceutics)

Question 1

what are the 3 pillars of pharmaceutics

Answer 1

• bio-physical-chemical properties of the DP and DS
• biopharmaceutical considerations
• patient centred, therapeutic consideration

Question 2

characteristics of oral route

Answer 2

non sterile, ease of use. patient must be able to swallow

Question 3

characteristics of rectal route

Answer 3

non sterile

Question 4

characteristics of topical route

Answer 4

non sterile, ease of use

Question 5

characteristics of injection

Answer 5

sterile (tight quality attributes)

Question 6

characteristics of lungs, nasal, vaginal/urethral

Answer 6

ease of use

Question 7

characteristics of eye

Answer 7

sterile

Question 8

onset of action of IV and IO

Answer 8

seconds

Question 9

onset of action of IM, SC, buccal and lungs

Answer 9

minutes

Question 10

onset of action of oral and topical

Answer 10

minutes to hours

Question 11

onset of action of oral - controlled/sustained release

Answer 11

several hours

Question 12

onset of action of implants/depot

Answer 12

days to weeks

Question 13

volume and onset time of IV

Answer 13

various volume
30-60 seconds

Question 14

volume and onset time of intramuscular (IM)

Answer 14

1-5ml
10-20 minutes

Question 15

volume and onset time of sub-cutaneous

Answer 15

under 4ml
15-20 minutes

Question 16

volume and onset time of intra-peritoneal (IP)

Answer 16

2-3ml
faster than SC

Question 17

volume and onset time of intraosseous

Answer 17

same as IV
30-60 seconds

Question 18

volume and onset time of intrathecal

Answer 18

1-5ml
depends on drug

Question 19

what does low G mean

Answer 19

the system is stable

Question 20

what does high g mean

Answer 20

the system is unstable

Question 21

what is polymorphism

Answer 21

different intermolecular bonding in crystals

Question 22

what are co-crystals

Answer 22

additional molecules in the crystal to reduce G

Question 23

what are salt forms

Answer 23

like co-crystals but charge transfer

Question 24

what is the factors of the solution state

Answer 24

• aquaeous conditions
• ionisation: weak acid, weak bases, pKa and pH

Question 25

what does dm/dx mean in the Noye-Whitney equation

Answer 25

the dissolution rate

Question 26

what does D mean in the Noye-Whitney equation

Answer 26

diffusion coefficient

Question 27

what does A mean in the Noye-Whitney equation

Answer 27

surface area

Question 28

what does Cs mean in the Noye-Whitney equation

Answer 28

its the saturation concentration

Question 29

what does C mean in the Noye-Whitney equation

Answer 29

concentration

Question 30

what does h mean in the Noye-Whitney equation

Answer 30

its the static layer width

Question 31

factors that influence pharmaceutircs

Answer 31

• surface area
• partition coefficient
• stability: chemical, physical and biological
• organoleptic properties
• powder properties: flow, water sorption, mixability, compression