buccal drug delivery

Question 1

what separates the mouth and the nasal cavity

Answer 1

the palate

Question 2

the is the buccal cavity made up of

Answer 2

the first organ of the digestive system including the teeth, tongue and salivary glands

Question 3

where is the gingival tissue located and how thick is it

Answer 3

in the gums, 0.2mm

Question 4

what type of tissue is the gingival tissue

Answer 4

keratinised/nonpolar

Question 5

where is palatal tissue found and how thick is it

Answer 5

roof of mouth and 0.25mm

Question 6

what type of tissue is palatal tissue

Answer 6

keratinised/non polar

Question 7

where is buccal tissue found and how thick is it

Answer 7

cheek, upper and lower lip, 0.55mm

Question 8

what type of tissue is buccal tissue

Answer 8

non keratinised/polar

Question 9

where is sublingual tissue found and how thick is it

Answer 9

frenulum and floor of mouth, 0.15mm

Question 10

what type of tissue is sublingual tissue

Answer 10

nonkeratinised/polar

Question 11

what is a major barrier to buccal delivery

Answer 11

oral muscosa

Question 12

where can buccal drugs be delivered through

Answer 12

1. sublingual membrane
2. buccal membrane
3. topical delivery from a tablet retained within the mouth

Question 13

characteristics of sublingual membrane delivery

Answer 13

it is delivered under the tongue, very fast action

Question 14

characteristics of the buccal membrane

Answer 14

delivery from the cheek and lip cavity. slower action, better suited to control release

Question 15

does buccal or oral delivery work quicker

Answer 15

buccal

Question 16

what dictates the pharmacokinetic profile

Answer 16

the site of action and the formulation selected

Question 17

why is sublingual administration quicker

Answer 17

it is closer to the bloodstream

Question 18

what is first pass metabolism

Answer 18

when drugs are metabolised in the liver before they even reach the systemic circulation

Question 19

where are swallowed drugs absorbed

Answer 19

from the intestine

Question 20

how does the blood supply travel from the buccal cavity

Answer 20

it goes directly to systemic circulation and not via the liver and also avoid the blood brain barrier

Question 21

how does mucoadhesion work

Answer 21

the glue becomes tangled in the glycoprotein surface of the cells and bonds with glycoproteins

Question 22

what chemical interactions cause adsorption

Answer 22

electrostatic
hydrophobic
hydrogen bonding
van der Waals interactions

Question 23

advantages of buccal delivery

Answer 23

• Avoids first pass metabolism
• The convenient route and painless administration
• Facility to modulate the selection of excipients
• Versatility in the design of release systems for local or systemic action
• A predictable drug concentration in the blood
  Good patient compliance

Question 24

disadvantages of buccal delivery

Answer 24

• Need for taste masking – but risk of caries
• Eating, drinking, or smoking, can affect how the drug is absorbed and how well it works.
• Hazard of choking by involuntarily swallowing the tablet
• Potential for irritation of the gums

Question 25

when would the buccal route be used

Answer 25

during emergencies - anti sickness angina etc