buccal drug delivery Flashcards
what separates the mouth and the nasal cavity
the palate
what is the buccal cavity
the first organ of the digestive system including the teeth, tongue and salivary glands
where is the gingival tissue located and how thick is it
in the gums, 0.2mm
where is palatal tissue found and how thick is it
roof of mouth and 0.25mm
what type of tissue is palatal and gingival tissue
keratinised/non polar
where is buccal tissue found and how thick is it
cheek, upper and lower lip, 0.55mm
where is sublingual tissue found and how thick is it
frenulum and floor of mouth, 0.15mm
what type of tissue is sublingual and buccal tissue
nonkeratinised/polar
what is a major barrier to buccal delivery
oral muscosa
where can buccal drugs be delivered through
- sublingual membrane
- buccal membrane
- topical delivery from a tablet retained within the mouth
characteristics of sublingual membrane delivery
it is delivered under the tongue, very fast action
characteristics of the buccal membrane
delivery from the cheek and lip cavity. slower action, better suited to control release
does buccal or oral delivery work quicker
buccal
what dictates the pharmacokinetic profile
the site of action and the formulation selected
why is sublingual administration quicker
it is closer to the bloodstream
what is first pass metabolism
when drugs are metabolised in the liver before they even reach the systemic circulation
where are swallowed drugs absorbed
from the intestine
how does the blood supply travel from the buccal cavity
it goes directly to systemic circulation and not via the liver and also avoid the blood brain barrier
how does mucoadhesion work
the glue becomes tangled in the glycoprotein surface of the cells and bonds with glycoproteins
what chemical interactions cause adsorption
electrostatic
hydrophobic
hydrogen bonding
van der Waals interactions
advantages of buccal delivery
- Avoids first pass metabolism
- The convenient route and painless administration
- Facility to modulate the selection of excipients
- Versatility in the design of release systems for local or systemic action
- A predictable drug concentration in the blood
Good patient compliance
disadvantages of buccal delivery
- Need for taste masking – but risk of caries
- Eating, drinking, or smoking, can affect how the drug is absorbed and how well it works.
- Hazard of choking by involuntarily swallowing the tablet
- Potential for irritation of the gums
when would the buccal route be used
during emergencies - anti sickness angina etc
