Introduction

Question 1

Health promotion

Answer 1

Refer to enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health.

Health encompasses physical, mental, & social well-being.
- Not the absence of disease

Social, envi., and economic impact our health.

Health intervention improve health by not only targeting people but addressing determinants of health

Question 2

1986 - First Health Promotion Conference by WHO in Ottawa, Canada to create the Ottawa Charter

Answer 2

OC: provides guidance to the goals and concepts of health promotion.

The principles of OC still used today.

Question 3

Five action areas and strategies OC outlines to achieve health:

Answer 3

Five:
- Healthy public policy (ex: seatbelt/helmet laws, smoking restriction, workplace regulation).
- Creating supportive envi. (ex healthy workspaces, restricting junk food ads, walking or running programs)
- Strengthening community action (Community fun runs, community kitchens, support organisations)
- Deve. personal skills
(info. education, and life skills)
- Reorienting health services (traditionally medically focused) need shift to more focus on people, community) - holistic approach
(ex: stop smoking programs, health educator roles, improving access)

Three strategies: advocate (individual and social), mediate (different sectors and interests of people) and enable

Question 4

Strategies: tools we an use to create the different facets of a program.

Question 5

Health inequalities

Answer 5

health status diff. of individuals and groups.

Question 6

Health inequity

Answer 6

health inequalities that are unfair or unjust and modifiable.

Question 7

Absence of unfair systems and policies, reduce inequalities, and increase access of resources

Answer 7

health equity

Question 8

See SDH examples

Question 9

What model describes the complex interactions btw groups, people, and their envi.

Helps to, develop, deliver and evaluate health programs.

Answer 9

Socio-Ecological Model Applied

Question 10

The socio-ecological model aims to explain how individual behavior is influenced by multiple levels of environmental factors, including interpersonal, organizational, and community and public policy, influences.

Question 11

The impact of a health program varies by intervention type. Broader initiatives, like policy changes (that address root cause, or socioeconomic factors), affect more people, while counseling or clinical interventions target fewer individuals. Public investment and expected outcomes should align with the program’s scope.

Answer 11

True

Increasing population impact going down and increasing individual effort needed going up

Question 12

Health Impact Pyramid

Answer 12

Tier:
Population (tier1)
education (tier5)

Question 13

Why is the Socio-ecological model useful:

Answer 13

Understanding interaction btw. and across diff. levels.

Helps to deve., deliver, & evaluate health programs.

Question 14

Our health programs are effective when targeting multiple levels , ex: these.

Answer 14

In health programs and interventions, this pyramid guides public health professionals to prioritize efforts that reach and benefit the largest number of people and address the fundamental causes of health issues.

Question 15

What is a health promotion program:

Answer 15

Focus on improving population health outcomes by reducing preve. disease, injury, and death, and taking action on health inequities

Question 16

How do you create a health promotion:

Answer 16

design programs aimed toward specific group although we typically have broad areas, but need to address the specific needs of the specific population.

Question 17

Three elements to identify when creating health programs

Answer 17

3. Evaluate the program
4. Plan and implement program
5. Identify a need

Question 18

ParticipAction: physical fitness and fitness programs. The belief is that Canadians do not meet the exercise guidelines or requirements. So to encourage this change.

Answer 18

Publish a report measuring the impact of the program, which includes ParticiParks, aimed at creating safe, engaging, and accessible community parks where everyone can exercise and participate in recreational activities.

Question 19

Planning process:
Gather Info: Collect data.
Create Activities: Plan actions.
Organize: Set direction.
Allocate Resources: Use resources wisely.
Align Expectations: Ensure clarity.
Adapt: Adjust as needed.

Question 20

Models for Program Planning:

• Organize and direct the planning process.
• Different models share common elements.
• Approach varies by context.
• Ontario Six-Step Model used.

Question 21

MAPP: Mobilization for Action Through Planning and Partnership

Answer 21

Other planning model example

Question 22

• Manage Process: Determine how partners will collaborate in decision-making.
• Situational Assessment: Decide if and how to proceed (.
• Set Goals, Audiences, Objectives.
  Choose Strategies, Activities, Assign Resources.
  Develop Indicators.
• Review Plan: Evaluate using a logic model.

Answer 22

Situational assessment:

Assessing needs: Is there a problem or need that the program can address?

Evaluating feasibility: Is it realistic to move forward? Do we have the resources?

Identifying challenges: Are there barriers or risks to consider?

Question 23

PRECEDE-PROCEED Model:

PRECEDE:

Phase 1: Identify community needs.
Phase 2: Assess health problems.
Phase 3: Identify factors influencing behaviors.
Phase 4: Evaluate resources and policies.

PROCEED:
5. Phase 5: Implement the program.
6. Phase 6: Monitor implementation.
7. Phase 7: Assess immediate impact.
8. Phase 8: Evaluate long-term outcomes.

Answer 23

PRECEDE: Focuses on planning and assessing before the program (understanding needs and causes).

PROCEED: Focuses on implementing and evaluating after the program is launched.

Question 24

healthy Communities Approach:

Core Value: Improve community well-being.

Action: Address all health determinants together.

Outcomes: Better health, equity, and quality of life.