Introduction Flashcards
Investigates the structure of the body.
Anatomy
To dissect, or cut apart and separate, the parts of the human for study.
Anatomy
Two basic approaches to study anatomy:
Systemic Anatomy
Regional Anatomy
Two general ways to examine the internal structures
Surface Anatomy
Anatomical Imaging
Study of external features (bony projections) which serve to locate deeper structures.
Surface Anatomy
Involves the use of imaging modalities such as x-rays, ultrasound, CT-scan, MRI, etc.
Anatomical Imaging
Deals with processes or functions of living things.
Physiology
can be studied at multiple levels.
Physiology
Major goals of physiology is to:
Understand and predict the body’s responses to
Understand how the body maintains conditions within a narrow range of values in the presence of continually changing internal and external environments.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL
ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN BODY
Chemical level
Cell level
Tissue level
Organ level
Organ system level
Organism
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
Organization
Metabolism
Responsiveness
Growth
Development
Reproduction
It is the existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body despite fluctuations in either of the external and internal environment.
Homeostatis
Normal cell functions depend on the maintenance of the cell’s fluid environment within a narrow range of conditions or variables (temperature, volume, chemical content).
Homeostatis
Most are governed by a nervous and endocrine system.
Hemeostatic/Homeostatic mechanisms
Most are governed by a nervous and endocrine system.
Hemeostatic/Homeostatic mechanisms
a stimulus because it initiates homeostatic mechanisms
Change variable
Negative feedback
If the activation of one component results in the inactivation of another, it is labeled as negative.
Reverses the change and bring things back to normal
Negative feedback
If the activation of one component results in the inactivation of another, it is labeled as
Negative/Negative feedback
If the activation of one component results in the inactivation of another, it is labeled as
Negative/Negative feedback
means any deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted.
Negative
does not prevent variation but maintains variation within a normal range.
Negative
Three components of Negative Feedback:
Receptor
Control center
Effector
Three components of Negative Feedback:
Receptor
Control center
Effector
Monitors the value of the variable.
Receptor
Monitors the value of the variable.
Receptor
Establishes the set point around which the variable is maintained.
Control Center
Establishes the set point around which the variable is maintained.
Control center
Can change the value of the variable.
Effector
When the activation of one component leads to the activation of another, the interaction between the components is said to be
Positive feedback
Increases the change.
Positive
Occurs when the initial stimulus further stimulates the response.
Positive feedback
The deviation from the set point becomes even greater.
Positive feedback
