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ANAPHY > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Axial Skeleton composed of the following bones:

A

Skull
Auditory Ossciles
Hyoid bone
Vertebrae
Thoracic Cage

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2
Q

how many bones in skull?

A

22

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3
Q

how many bones are in auditory ossicles?

A

6

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4
Q

how many bones are in hyoid bone?

A

1

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5
Q

how many bones are im vertebrae?

A

26

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6
Q

how many bones are in thoracic cage?

A

25

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7
Q

total axial bones

A

80

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8
Q

bone markings classified into three:

A

articulating
non-articulating
depressions and opening

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9
Q

articulating

A

head
condyle
facet

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10
Q

enlarged end

A

head

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11
Q

smooth rounded articular surface

A

condyle

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12
Q

smooth flattened surface

A

facet

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13
Q

non-articulating

A

tuberosity
process
crest
tubercle
line

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14
Q

knob/enlargement

A

tuberosity

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15
Q

prominent projection

A

process

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16
Q

prominent ridge

A

crest

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17
Q

small rounded projection

A

tubercle

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18
Q

elongated ridge

A

line

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19
Q

depressions and openings

A

foramen
fossa
meatus
fissure
sinus

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20
Q

opening/hole

A

Foramen

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21
Q

depression

A

fossa

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22
Q

tunnel-like opening

A

meatus

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23
Q

cavity

A

sinus

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24
Q

cavity

A

sinus

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25
Q

cleft

A

fissure

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26
Q

The skull has 22 bones and is divided into two
parts:

A

a) Calvarium/Cranium
b) Cranial base/ Facial bones

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27
Q

STEP OF 8

A

Sphenoid
Temporal
Ethmoid
Parietal
Occipital
Frontal

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28
Q

Forms forehead, superior part of orbits, and most of the anterior cranial fossa; contains sinuses

A

Frontal bone

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29
Q

Parts of frontal bone

A

Squamous
Supraorbital margins
Supraorbital foramen
Glabella

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30
Q

forehead, the most anterior part of the frontal area

A

squamous

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31
Q

thickened part which lie under the eyebrows. This is where the forehead ends.

A

Supraorbital margin

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32
Q

passageway of supraorbital artery and nerves.

A

Supraorbital foramen

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33
Q

Form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull

A

Parietal bones

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34
Q

Form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull

A

Parietal bones

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35
Q

interlocking joints of the skull

A

Sutures

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36
Q

parts of the parietal bones

A

Coronal suture
Lamboid suture
Squamous suture
Sagittal suture

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37
Q

joint between the parietal and frontal bone.

A

coronal suture

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38
Q

joint between the parietal and occipital bone.

A

Lamboid suture

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39
Q

joint between the parietal and temporal bone.

A

Squamous suture

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40
Q

joint between two parietal bones.

A

Sagittal suture

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41
Q

Form inferolateral aspects of the skull and contribute
to the middle cranial fossa

A

Temporal bone

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42
Q

Best viewed on lateral position

A

Temporal bones

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43
Q

major parts of temporal bones

A

Squamous
Tympanic
Petrous

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44
Q

Mandibular fossa + Condylar Process (mandible) =

A

Temporomandibular joint

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45
Q

temporal bone - squamous

A

zygomatic arch
TMJ

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46
Q

when the zygomatic process of the
temporal bone meets the zygomatic bone, it forms an arch

A

zygomatic arch

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47
Q

condylar process of the
mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa

A

Temporomandibular joint

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48
Q

Temporal bone - tympanic

A

External auditory meatus

49
Q

through which the sound enters
the ear, thus enables sound waves to reach the eardrum.

A

External auditory meatus

50
Q

Temporal bone - petrous

A

Middle cranial fossa
Jugular foramen
Caratoid canal
Foramen lacerum
Internal acoustic meatus
Mastoid process
Styloid process
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum

51
Q

supports the temporal brain

A

Middle cranial fossa

52
Q

passageway of the jugular vein

A

Jugular foramen

53
Q

Transmits the internal carotid artery into the cranial
cavity.

A

Carotid canal

54
Q

between petrous temporal and sphenoid. Most
medial portion

A

Foramen lacerum

55
Q

transmits cranial nerves.

A

Internal auditory meatus

56
Q

which acts as an anchoring site for some neck
muscles. Can be felt as a lump just posterior to the ear.

A

Mastoid process

57
Q

The mastoid has many air cavities called

A

Mastoid air cells

58
Q

needle like process which is not just for neck
attachment but also for tongue muscles.

A

Styloid process

59
Q

allows passage of the maxillary division of
cranial nerve V.

A

Foramen rotundum

60
Q

allows passage of the mandibular division of cranial
nerve V.

A

Foramen ovale

61
Q

allows passage of the mandibular division of cranial
nerve V.

A

Foramen ovale

62
Q

allows passage of the middle meningeal
artery.

A

Foramen spinosum

63
Q

supports the cerebellum

A

Posterior cranial fossa

64
Q

largest foramen of the skull, spinal cord passes through.

A

Foramen Magnum

65
Q

located on each lateral side of the foramen magnum. This is where C1 articulates.

A

Occipital condyles

66
Q

located on each lateral side of the foramen magnum. This is where C1 articulates.

A

Occipital condyles

67
Q

Most bulging part of the posterior skull.

A

External occipital protuberance

68
Q

Forms posterior aspect and most of the base of the skull

A

Occipital bone

69
Q

Keystone of the cranium; contributes to the middle cranial fossa and orbits;

A

Sphenoid bone

70
Q

which forms the center of the sphenoid bone.

A

Body of the sphenoid

71
Q

houses the pituitary gland

A

Sella turcica

72
Q

medial process, horn-like

A

Lesser wing

73
Q

projects laterally

A

Greater wing

74
Q

interior portion, which serves as an attachment for pterygoid muscles for chewing

A

Pterygoid process

75
Q

Helps to form the anterior cranial fossa; forms part of the nasal septum and the lateral walls and roof of the nasal cavity; contributes to the medial wall of the orbit

A

Ethmoid bone

76
Q

helps form the root of the nasal cavities
and floor of the anterior cranial fossa

A

Criniform plate

77
Q

the dura matter, specifically the falx cerebri of
the brain is attached to this structure to help secure the
brain in the cranial cavity

A

Crista galli

78
Q

inferior portion, which divides the nasal cavity from right to left.

A

Perpendicular plate

79
Q

parts of skull: calvarium

A

vomer
inferior nasal conchae 2
nasal 2
maxilla 2
mandible 2
palatine 2
zygoma 2
lacrimal 2

80
Q

the lower jaw

A

mandible

81
Q

parts of the mandible

A

Paired rami
Condylar process
Coronoid process
Mandibular foramina
Mental foramina

82
Q

Between each ramus

A

Paired rami

83
Q

the body of mandible is a formed angle known as

A

mandibular angle

84
Q

articulate with the temporal bones in the TMJ of the jaw

A

Condylar process

85
Q

insertion points for the temporalis muscle

A

Coronoid process

86
Q

permit the inferior alveolar nerves to pass.

A

Mandibular foramina

87
Q

allow blood vessels and nerves to pass to the chin and lower lip.

A

Mental foramina

88
Q

Form the upper jaw and parts of the hard palate, orbits, and nasal cavity walls

A

Maxilla

89
Q

Parts of maxilla

A

Anterior nasal spine
Infraorbital foramen

90
Q

bony projection located at the midline of the maxilla (upper jaw) at the lower end of the nasal cavity.

A

Anterior nasal spine

91
Q

allows passage of the the infraorbital nerve to the skin of face.

A

Infraorbital foramen

92
Q

Form the cheeks and part of the orbits

A

Zygoma

93
Q

Articulations of zygoma

A

Maxilla
Frontal bone
Temporal bone

94
Q

Form the bridge of the nose

A

Nasal bone

95
Q

Articulations of nasal bone

A

Maxilla
Frontal bone
Perpendicular plate

96
Q

Form part of the medial orbit wall

A

Lacrimal

97
Q

houses the lacrimal sac, which helps to
drain the tears into the nasal cavity.

A

Lacrimal fossa

98
Q

Form posterior part of the hard palate and a small part of nasal cavity and orbit
walls

A

Palatine

99
Q

medial fusion point of the horizontal plates of the palatine bones which form the posterior part of the hard palate.

A

Median palatine suture

100
Q

Inferior part of the nasal septum

A

Vomer

101
Q

Lateral walls of the nasal septum

A

Inferior nasal conchae

102
Q

Lateral walls of the nasal septum

A

Inferior nasal conchae

103
Q

only bone of the body that does not articulate
directly with any other bone.

A

Hyoid bone

104
Q

Three bones in the middle ear that are among the smallest bones in the human body.

A

Auditory ossicles

105
Q

Vertebral column

A

Backbone
33 bones (infant)
26 bones (adult)
5 regions

106
Q

5 regions of vertebral column

A

Cervical - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacral 1-5
coccygeal 1-4

107
Q

Curves

A

Cervical lordosis (concave)
Thoracic kyphosis (convex)
Lumbar lordosis (concave)
Sacral kyohosis (convex)

108
Q

consists of a body, or centrum, anteriorly and a
vertebral arch posteriorly.

A

Vetebra

109
Q

The disc-shaped body is the weight- bearing
region.

A

Vertebra

110
Q

flattened plates that fuse in the median plane, complete
the arch posteriorly.

A

Laminae

111
Q

short bony pillars projecting posteriorly from the vertebral body, form the sides of the arch.

A

Pedicles

112
Q

a median posterior projection arising at the junction
of the two laminae.

A

Spinous process

113
Q

extends laterally from each side of the vertebral arch.

A

Transverse process

114
Q

protrude superiorly and inferiorly respectively from the pedicle.

A

Superior and inferior articular facet

115
Q

includes the manubrium, body of sternum,
and the xiphoid process. It lies in the anterior midline of the thorax.

A

Sternum

116
Q

includes the manubrium, body of sternum,
and the xiphoid process. It lies in the anterior midline of the thorax.

A

Sternum

117
Q

consists of 24 pairs.

A

Ribs

118
Q

first to seventh pair

A

True ribs

119
Q

The eleventh and twelfth pairs
are specifically considered as

A

Floating ribs

ANAPHY (13 decks)

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