Integumentary System

Question 1

made up of two major tissue layers

Answer 1

skin

Question 2

The skin is made up of two major tissue layers:

Answer 2

dermis
epidermis

Question 3

the uppermost layer and it prevents water loss and resist abrasion.

Answer 3

epidermis

Question 4

20 times thicker than epidermis and provides most of the skin’s structural strength

Answer 4

dermis

Question 5

made up of a loose connective tissue that contains
about half the body’s stored fat.

Answer 5

Hypodermis/subcutaneous tissue

Question 6

this layer Function as padding and insulation

Answer 6

Adipose tissue

Question 7

Made up of stratified squamous epithelium.

Answer 7

Epidermis

Question 8

The main cells of the epidermis are the

Answer 8

Kerinocytes

Question 9

These cells of epidermis originate in the basal layer and undergo

Answer 9

Keratinization

Question 10

It is the process where in the
newly formed cells experience
development when these cells
are pushed from the base layers
to the surface.

Answer 10

Keratinization

Question 11

It is the process where in the
newly formed cells experience
development when these cells
are pushed from the base layers
to the surface.

Answer 11

Keratinization

Question 12

skin that consists of five layers

Answer 12

epidermis

Question 13

the layers of epidermis are called

Answer 13

strata

Question 14

the layers of epidermis are called

Answer 14

strata

Question 15

their names correspond to the layer’s structure and functionality.

Answer 15

Strata

Question 16

Consist of single layer of cuboidal cells in
contact with the basement membrane that
undergo mitosis.

Answer 16

Stratum basale

Question 17

It contains the keratinocyte
stem cells, and melanocytes

Answer 17

Stratum basale

Question 18

It is where Keratin is packaged in
keratohyaline granules.

Answer 18

Stratum granulosum

Question 19

The keratinocytes
produce a lot of keratin in this layer—they
become filled with keratin.

Answer 19

Stratum granulosum

Question 20

The keratinocytes
produce a lot of keratin in this layer—they
become filled with keratin.

Answer 20

Stratum granulosum

Question 21

The keratinocytes
become flatter, more brittle, and lose their
nuclei.

Answer 21

Stratum granulosum

Question 22

The keratinocytes in this layer also produce
lipids and natural moisturizing factor (NMF)

Answer 22

Stratum granulosum

Question 23

This layer mostly consists of keratinocytes
held together by sticky proteins called
desmosomes.

Answer 23

Stratum spinosum

Question 24

This layer mostly consists of keratinocytes
held together by sticky proteins called
desmosomes.

Answer 24

Stratum spinosum

Question 25

partly responsible for the skin’s strength and flexibility.

Answer 25

Stratum spinosum

Question 26

partly responsible for the skin’s strength and flexibility.

Question 27

It contains Langerhans cells (epidermal immune cells)

Answer 27

Stratum spinosum

Question 28

Once the keratinocytes leave the stratum granulosum, they die and help form the

Answer 28

Stratum lucidum

Question 29

thin, transparent layer of keratinocytes that are becoming less round and have a flatter shape.

Answer 29

Stratum lucidum

Question 30

This thin layer of cells is found only in the thick skin on the palms of your hands and fingers and the soles of your feet.

Answer 30

Stratum lucidum

Question 31

This thin layer of cells is found only in the thick skin on the palms of your hands and fingers and the soles of your feet.

Answer 31

Stratum lucidum

Question 32

Consist of 25 or more layers of dead squamous cells filled with keratin.

Answer 32

Startum corneum

Question 33

Keratinocytes become corneocytes. This layer is also coated and surrounded by lipids, which help prevent fluid loss.

Answer 33

Stratum corneum

Question 34

The entire stratum corneum layer is replaced with new cells in a process known as

Answer 34

Desquamation

Question 35

Made up of dense collagenous connective tissue with fewer fats cells.

Answer 35

Dermis

Question 36

Nerves, hair follicles, smooth muscles, glands and lymphatic vessels extend to the

Answer 36

Dermis

Question 37

responsible for the structural strength of the dermis.

Answer 37

Collagen and elastic fibers

Question 38

Collagen fibers of the dermis are oriented in many different locations called

Answer 38

Cleavage or tension lines

Question 39

The skin is more resistant to stretch along this lines

Answer 39

Tension lines or cleavage

Question 40

overstretching of the skin that causes damage to the dermis.

Answer 40

Stretchmarks/striae

Question 41

The upper part of the Dermis has projections which extends towards the epidermis.

Answer 41

dermal papillae

Question 42

Dermal papillae in the palms of the hands and soles of the foot and tips of the digits are in

Answer 42

Parallel and curving ridges

Question 43

the group of pigment primarily responsible for skin eyes and hair pigment.

Answer 43

Melanin

Question 44

Melanin molecules is produced by

Answer 44

Melanocyte

Question 45

Golgi apparatus of the melanocytes package melanin into vesicles called

Answer 45

Melanosomes

Question 46

Melanin pigment is transferred from melanocytes to the cytoplasm of keratinocytes through

Answer 46

Phagocytosis

Question 47

cell eating, process by which a cell engulfs a particle and digests it.

Answer 47

phagocytosis

Question 48

Melanin production is determined by:

Answer 48

Genetic factors Exposure to light Hormones

Question 49

A decrease in blood oxygen produces a bluish discoloration termed as

Answer 49

Cyanosis

Question 50

congenital disorders of the blood vessels in the dermis.

Answer 50

Birthmarks

Question 51

Each hair arises form a

Answer 51

Hair follicles

Question 52

protrudes above the surface of the skin

Answer 52

Hair shaft

Question 53

below the surface of the skin

Answer 53

Hair root

Question 54

the expanded base of the root

Answer 54

Hair bulb

Question 55

Associated with each hair follicle are smooth muscle cells called

Answer 55

Arrector pili muscle

Question 56

Two forms of melanin are found in human hair:

Answer 56

Eumelanin Pheomelanin

Question 57

the dominant pigment in brown hair and black

Answer 57

Eumelanin

Question 58

the dominant pigment in red

Answer 58

Pheomelanin

Question 59

Hair exists in a variety of textures caused by the condition of

Answer 59

Hair follicle

Question 60

simple branched acinar glands which produced sebum mostly connected to the superficial part of the hair follicle.

Answer 60

Sebaceous gland

Question 61

coiled tubular glands that produces sweat which is vital for regulating human body temperature.

Answer 61

Sweat glands

Question 62

Produce secretion (water with few salts) that open directly to the skin through sweat pores.

Answer 62

Eccrine sweat

Question 63

produced thick secretion rich in organic substances.

Answer 63

Apocrine sweat

Question 64

open into the hair follicles, but only in the armpit and genitalia.

Answer 64

Apocrine glands

Question 65

A thin plate, consisting of dead stratum corneum cells that contains very hard type of keratin

Answer 65

Nails

Question 66

Major functions of skin structures

Answer 66

Protection Sensation Vitamin D Temperature Regulation Excretion

Question 67

An injury to the tissue caused by heat, cold, friction, chemicals, electricity or by radiation.

Answer 67

Burns

Question 68

Most common type of cancer, and it is mostly associated with

Answer 68

Exposure to UV light from the sun

Question 69

Three main type of Skin cancer.

Answer 69

1. Basal Cell Carcinoma (most frequent) 2. Squamous cell carcinoma 3. Malignant melanoma (rare form)

Question 70

Main cells of the Epidermis.

Answer 70

Keratinocytes

Question 71

The part of the Dermis that is in contact with the subcutaneous layer.

Answer 71

Hypodermis

Question 72

Layer that provides majority of the structural strength to the skin.

Answer 72

Dermis

Question 73

Protein that is vital in the formation of the hair, nails and skin.

Answer 73

Keratin

Question 74

What specific skin structure is responsible for goose bumps?

Answer 74

Arrector pili mucles

Question 75

Part of the Nail where your fingernails and toenails start to grow.

Answer 75

Nails matrix

Question 76

Specific structure responsible for the fingerprints in tips of the digits.

Answer 76

Dermal papillae

Question 77

Cell responsible for Skin's pigment.

Answer 77

Melanocytes

Question 78

Most of the Keratin is produced in which specific layer/strata?

Answer 78

Startum granulosum

Question 79

Hair is produced by the epithelial cells in the

Answer 79

Hair bulb

Question 80

Gland in the skin that become active at puberty due to the influence of sex hormones.

Answer 80

Apocrine

Question 81

Sweat glands that open into the hair follicles.

Answer 81

Apocrine

Question 82

Skin regeneration happens in what specific layer of the Epidermis?

Answer 82

Stratum basale

Question 83

Skin regeneration happens in what specific layer of the Epidermis?

Answer 83

Stratum basale