Intro to Solutions Flashcards
1
Q
Solution
A
- They are Homogeneous mixtures that have at least one solute and one solvent
- Liquid and gas state solutions are clear, they are not cloudy and murky
- Solutes and solvents can be gases, liquids and solids, which can produce different combinations
2
Q
Aqueous Solutions
A
- Water is the solvent in this mixture
- “Mixed in water”
- Aqueous solutions can have ionic compounds or polar molecules as solutes
3
Q
The dissolving of ionic compounds in water
A
- Hydration: When ions leave crystal form and are surrounded by water molecules
- Dissociation: Process when ions leave their crystal and become individual ions
- Does not show a reaction
- We have no other reactants reacting with compound
- Balance the equation
4
Q
The dissolving of non-polar molecules compounds in water
A
- Can not dissolve in water/polar molecule as they lack full charges and dipoles
- Non polar molecules can dissolve in nonpolar solvents (like dissolves like)
- This is done through weak, temporary interactions, London dispersion
5
Q
Surfactants
A
- Special molecules that allows polar and nonpolar molecules to mix
- Have a polar and non polar region/parts
Ex. Soap - Round part= polar head
- Squiggly/tail part= nonpolar
- Nonpolar tail Interacts with grease (as it is non-polar) and lifts it off our hands
- It then rinses away by water (polar) interacting with polar head
6
Q
gas in gas
A
oxygen in nitrogen (air)
7
Q
gas in liquid
A
carbon dioxide in water (soft drinks)
8
Q
gas in solid
A
oxygen in ice
9
Q
liquid in gas
A
water in air (humidity)
10
Q
liquid in liquid
A
ethanol in water (alcoholic beverages)
11
Q
liquid in solid
A
mercury in silver (old tooth fillings)
Amalgam
12
Q
solid in liquid
A
sugar in water (soft drinks)
13
Q
solid in solid
A
tin in copper (bronze)
Alloy
14
Q
solute
A
Subtance disolved in a solvent/soluation
15
Q
solvent
A
substance with the ability to dissolve other substances to form a solution
