Gas Laws Flashcards
1
Q
Solid
A
- Has a definite shape and volume
- They are incompressible
- Does not flow easily
- Has relativity strong attractive forces
- Entities are the most close together → Potential attraction is greater
2
Q
Liquid
A
- Takes the shape of the container but it has a definite volume
- It is slightly compressible
- Flows readily
- Has relativity moderately attractive forces
3
Q
Gas
A
- Takes the shape and volume of the container
- It is highly compressible
- Flows readily
- Relatively weak attractive forces
- Most space between entities → Some attraction but not as strong
4
Q
Kinetic Molecular Theory
A
- Attractive forces can not fully tell you the behavior of gasses
- We need to understand how much entities of gas are moving
- KMT states that entities are vibrational, transitional and rotational
- These motions give energy kinetic energy
- Every particle has kinetic energy, but they have different amounts of it
5
Q
vibtrantional motion
A
all states
Entities are always in motion
6
Q
rotional motion
A
lquids and gases only
7
Q
translational
A
- lquids and gases only
- Translations move from one place to another
- Translational motion is the most important type of motion in gases
- Cause pressure on the container/walls
8
Q
Temperature & kinetic energy
A
- When a substance is heated, its entities move more rapidly
- The more quicker entities move, the have greater kinetic energy
9
Q
Temperature:
A
A measure of the average kinetic energy of entities in a substance
10
Q
Kelvin
A
- 0 kinetic energy is not equal to 0 degrees celsius/fahrenheit
- 0 Kinetic energy (absolute zero) is equal to -273.15 degrees celsius (or 0 Kevin)
- Kelvin is T= t + 273.15
- T/K= Kelvin
- t= temp in degrees celsius
11
Q
Changes of state
A
- A solid becomes a liquid when there is enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces between the entities, allowsing the entities to flow past each other
- A liquid becomes gas when the kinetic energy increases so much that the remaining attractive forces are overcome (as gas have little attractive forces)
12
Q
Pressure & kinetic energy
A
- If the kinetic energy/temperature of a gas is increased, then the entities move faster and will hit the container more often
- This will exert more forces per unit area (more pressure)
13
Q
Pressure:
A
- Are particles hitting the container wall more often and with more force?
- If yes, then there is a greater force per area
14
Q
Gay-Lussac’s Law
A
- As temperature of a gas increases, the pressure of the gas increases portionally/linearly (y=mx)
- Only if the volume and amount of gas remain the same
- There is a constant P/T ratio/ directly proportional
- p= kT
- Using the two points:
- P1/T1= P2/ T2
15
Q
Units of Pressure
A
- There are many unit of pressure as as scientist have been learning about gasses before there was a standardized unit
