intro to psych 1

Question 1

in psych we only study humans. T/F

Answer 1

F; animals too

Question 2

father of psych

Answer 2

wilhelm wundt

Question 3

4 goals of psych

Answer 3

describe, explain, predict, control

Question 4

Objectively examining one’s thoughts and mental activities

Answer 4

objective introspection (WW)

Question 5

1st american to get a phd in psych

Answer 5

Granville Stanley Hall

Question 6

Granville established the 1st psych lab in Germany. T/F

Answer 6

F; Wundt

Question 7

Founded the American Psychological Association

Answer 7

Granville Stanley Hall

Question 8

structuralism

Answer 8

edward titchener

Question 9

functionalism

Answer 9

william james

Question 10

experiences can be broken into individual emotions and sensations

Answer 10

structuralism

Question 11

german for configuration

Answer 11

gestalt

Question 12

Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, Kurt Koffka

Answer 12

Gestalt psych

Question 13

importance of consciousness on everyday life. “why” people do what they do

Answer 13

functionalism

Question 14

whole picture is what is observed

Answer 14

gestalt psych

Question 15

Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, Karen Horney

Answer 15

psychoanalytic/dynamic

Question 16

Behaviour results from forces at work within the individual often at an unconscious level

Answer 16

psychoanalytic

Question 17

Ability of the individual to direct and control their own life, free will, and self actualization

Answer 17

Humanistic

Question 18

Perception, memory, problem solving, language

Answer 18

Cognitive

Question 19

Relationship between social behaviour and context of family, culture

Answer 19

Sociocultural

Question 20

Influences genetics, activity of nervous system on humans

Answer 20

Biopsychological

Question 21

Biological bases for universal mental characteristics

Answer 21

Evolutionary

Question 22

Diagnose and treat

Answer 22

Clinical

Question 23

Learning and emotional problems in schools, organization of educational institutions

Answer 23

School and Educational

Question 24

In workplace to improve productivity and quality

Answer 24

Industrial Organizational

Question 25

Observe in their natural habitat

Answer 25

Naturalistic observation

Question 26

5 Steps of Scientific Approach

Answer 26

Perceiving the question Forming hypothesis Testing hypothesis Drawing conclusions Report the results

Question 27

Proves: cause and effect

Answer 27

Experiment Methods:

Question 28

Watch in an artificial but controlled situation

Answer 28

Laboratory observation

Question 29

Measure of the relationship between two or more variables

Answer 29

Correlation Methods

Question 30

number that represents the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables

Answer 30

Correlation coefficient

Question 31

Answer a series of questions

Answer 31

Standardized tests

Question 32

A person’s awareness of that is going around them at any given moment

Answer 32

Consciousness

Question 33

Generated by a set of action potential in the communications between neurons just sufficient to produce a specific perception, memory, or experience in a person’s awareness

Answer 33

Consciousness

Question 34

State in which thoughts, feelings, and sensations are clear and organized and the person feel alert

Answer 34

Waking consciousness

Question 35

State of which there is a shift of quality or pattern of mental activity as compared with waking consciousness (ex:. daydreaming, meditation, hypnosis and substance-induced states)

Answer 35

Altered state of consciousness

Question 36

Require our conscious attention to a fairly high degree (ex: driving a car, having a conversation)

Answer 36

Controlled processes

Question 37

Require a comparatively low level of conscious awareness (ex: walking, riding a bike)

Answer 37

Automatic processes

Question 38

“Gentle tyrant”

Answer 38

SLEEP

Question 39

Human body’s biological rhythms

Answer 39

SLEEP

Question 40

Natural cycles of activity that the body must go through

Answer 40

SLEEP

Question 41

Cycle of bodily rhythms that occurs over a 24 hour period

Answer 41

Circadian Rhythm

Question 42

Sleep-wake cycle is controlled by the hypothalamus

Answer 42

Circadian Rhythm

Question 43

structure within the hypothalamus that releases melatonin

Answer 43

Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Question 44

Internal clock that tells us when to wake up and when to fall asleep

Answer 44

Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) / hypothalamus

Question 45

Evolve sleep patterns to avoid predators by sleeping when predators are most active

Answer 45

Adaptive theory of sleep

Question 46

Sleep is a product of evolution

Answer 46

Adaptive theory of sleep

Question 47

Sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body and serves to replenish chemicals and repair cellular damage

Answer 47

Restorative theory of sleep

Question 48

awake and alert waves

Answer 48

Beta waves

Question 49

awake and relax

Answer 49

Alpha waves

Question 50

Theta waves increases Alpha waves decreases Hypnogogic images

Answer 50

Stage N1

Question 51

vivid visual events

Answer 51

Hypnogogic images

Question 52

Spindles (burst of activity) Body temp drops, heart rate slows, breathing is shallow and irregular

Answer 52

Stage N2

Question 53

Deep non-REM sleep Delta activity - slower and accounts for larger, slower waves on the graph Waves increase to more that 50% of total brain activity

Answer 53

Stage N3

Question 54

REM sleep Burst of synchronous vertical eye movement Low voltage continuous theta with minimal beta Occurs every 90 minutes Heart beats faster, brain waves resembles beta waves

Answer 54

Stage R

Question 55

paradoxical sleep

Answer 55

REM

Question 56

inability of voluntary muscles to move

Answer 56

sleep paralysis

Question 57

Person is typically experiencing a dream

Answer 57

REM

Question 58

Person experiences increased amounts of REM sleep after being deprived of REM sleep on earlier nights

Answer 58

REM rebound

Question 58

rare disorder, mechanism that blocks the movement of the voluntary muscles fails, allowing the person to thrash around and even get up and act out nightmares.

Answer 58

REM behavior disorder (RBD)

Question 58

State of relaxation or light sleep

Answer 58

Alpha waves

Question 59

Any stages of sleep that do not include REM

Answer 59

Non-REM

Question 59

smaller and faster Indicating mental activity

Answer 59

Beta waves

Question 60

Long, slow brain waves that indicate deepest stage of sleep

Answer 60

Delta waves

Question 60

Indicating early stages of sleep

Answer 60

Theta waves

Question 60

Sitting, walking, or performing complex behavior while asleep

Answer 60

Somnambulism

Question 61

Extreme fear, agitation, screaming while asleep

Answer 61

Night terrors

Question 61

Uncomfortable sensations in legs causing movement and loss of sleep

Answer 61

Restless leg syndrome

Question 62

Painful cramps in calf or foot muscles

Answer 62

Nocturnal leg cramps

Question 63

Excessive daytime sleepiness

Answer 63

Hypersomnia

Question 64

Disturbances of the sleep-wake cycle such as jet lag or work shift

Answer 64

Circadian rhythm disorders

Question 65

Urinating while asleep

Answer 65

Enuresis

Question 65

Dreams as wishful fulfillment Manifest and latent content

Answer 65

freud's interpretation of dreams

Question 66

Association in the cortex respond to the random activation of these cortical cells by synthesizing a story

Answer 66

Activation-synthesis hypothesis

Question 66

Revision of activation-synthesis theory States that information experienced during waking hours can influence the synthesis of dreams

Answer 66

Activation-information-mode (AIM)

Question 66

Dreams are created by the higher centers of the cortex to explain the activation by the brain stem of cortical cells during REM sleep

Answer 66

Activation-synthesis hypothesis