dev psych Flashcards
Children acquire culture, values, beliefs, and problem solving strategies through collaborative dialogues with more knowledgeable member in society
need others to learn
sociocultural cognitive theory - Lev Vygotsky
5 stages of psychosexual
oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
3 developmental patterns that provide a portrait of how aging can encompass individual variation
Three developmental patterns of aging
patterning of environment events and transitions over life course
chronosystem
learn with help from adult
Zone of Proximal Development
upper limit - may tutor
lower limit - alone aral
Pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues through human life
development
autonomy vs shame and doubt virtues
will vs fear n suspicion
genetics affecting your life and how you maintain you lifestyle
growth, maintenance, and regulation of loss
type of influence based on a particular generation due to historical events
normative history-graded influences
the number of years that have elapsed since birth. age meets expectations. One year old ka, one year old ka talaga. Tugma dpt ang age mo sa behaviour mo
chronological age
reassessment of choices made in one’s life
midlife crisis
Characteristics of people as males and females
gender
cognitive development theory
sensorimotor, preoperstional, concrete, formal
CDT: JP
manipulation of ideas; critical thinking
formal operational
trust vs mistrust virtues
hope and optimism vs suspicion, fear, lack self confidence
type of process in nonnormative age-related: puberty
biological processes
how u think and how u process, if nung toddler, madaldal ka ba or delayed ba yung speech mo
cognitive
According to the psychoanalytic theory, behaviour is merely a surface characteristic. T/F
T
contextual: martial law, holocaust
normative history-graded
Extensive development from birth to adolescents especially during infancy
Little to no change in adulthood (platu)
Decline in old age
traditional approach of development
Cognitive skills in older people can be improved through training and acquisition of effective strategies
plasticity
generativity vs stagnation virtues
care vs insensitivity
gradual, cumulative changes. Wlang stages dirediretso lng
continuous development
type of influence based on a major impact on lives of individual people
nonnormative/individualised life events
according to erikson, our fundamental personality is shaped by the first 7 years of life. T/F
F, 5 years
intimacy vs isolation virtues
devotion and commitment vs withdrawal and fear of commitment
behaviour, environment, and cognition as the key factors in development
learning through observation
social cognitive theory
EE: P.SOCIAL
fulfilment vs regret
integrity vs despair
virtue: wisdom
EE: P.SOCIAL
childs attachment to parent
trust vs mistrust
chronological age has become a less accurate predictor of these life events. T/F
T
health, parenting, and education are shaped by what
sociocultural context
environment variable; childhood experiences, how we are raised, social relationships, surrounding culture (the things and people around you is what helps you become developed)
nurture
contextual: death of a parent. early pregnancy
individualized
period of development (8 stages)
- prenatal 9 mons
- infancy - 2 yrs
- early childhood - 2-6
- middle to late childhood - 6-11
- adolescence - 10-12 – puberty, 18-21 –late adolescence
- early adulthood - 20-30
- middle adulthood - 40-60
- late adulthood - 60-death
A key element on the contemporary agenda for developmental research
plasticity
early experiences with parents extensively shape development is highlighted by what psychoanalytic theory?
psychosexual, SF
positive physical cognitive and socioemotional development is maintained longer, decline later in old age
successful aging
oldest human age
122
a persons’ age in terms of biological health. involves knowing the functional capacitites of a persons’ vital organs
biological age
National governments course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens
social policy
EE: P.SOCIAL
child now studies knowledge and intellectual skills
industry vs inferiority
explores link between development, cognitive processes and brain
developmental cognitive neuroscience
capacity for change
plastic
Developmental change throughout adulthood and childhood (no platou, may changes parin sa adulthood)
life-span approach
Development occurs within a setting
contextual
Freud viewed the importance of both early and later experiences. While, Erikson viwed the importance of early experiences is more important in developing personality
both statement are False; baliktan yung tao
cognitive theory
cognitive development theory - jean piaget
sociocultural cognitive theory - lev vygotsky
CDT: JP
conservation; can tell which amount if larger regardless of the container
conrete operational
Yung age mo, 30 ka pero nung nag ct scan yung atay mo parang kang 70 yr old dahil kakainom mo at stress
biological age
Development that involves growth but also involves decline (dying) not only limited to children and adolescent but also to adults
life-span perspective by Paul Baltes
Behaviour patterns, belief, and other products of a group that are passed on from generation to another
culture
identity vs identity confusion virtues
fidelity
interrelated, coherent set of ideas that help explain a phenomena and facilitate predictions
theory
The body, mind, emotions, and relationships are changing and affecting each other no matter the age
multidimensional
things later in life can help you change and develop. Because of your activities, di ka na kasing shy as dati
change
EE: P.SOCIAL
finding own uniqueness
identity vs identity confusion
behavioural and social cognitive theories
operant conditioning - burrhus fredrick skinner
social cognitive theory - albert bandura
EE: P.SOCIAL
Making friends and close heterosexual relationships
intimacy vs isolation
According to the Behaviour and Social Cognitive Theory, symbolic meanings of behaviour have to be analysed to understand it. T/F
F; Psychoanalytic Theory
Avg number of yrs a person live in a given year
life expectancy
Four Ages of Development
- 1st age – childhood-adolescence
- 2nd age – prime adulthood 20-50
- 3rd age – 60-80
- 4th age – 80-death
physical nature, DNA, hormones, may symptoms na nadevelop nung infant but as lumaki yung tao nawala na sya so naayos
biological
Importance of human attachment during 1st yr of life
Ethological Theory of Attachment - John Bowlby
if shy ka nung bata, shy ka na sa buong buhay mo
stability (early traits and characteristics)
How does heredity and health limit your intelligence?
multidisciplinary
if a child does not develop a sense of purpose and direction then they become active with the world. T/F
F; passive
Biological, cognitive and socioemotional are bidirectional. T/F
T
initiative vs guilt virtues
purpose vs carefree
3 dimensions: attention, memory, abstract thinking, processing info, social intelligence
cognitive
approach that can be used to obtain accurate information
scientific method
EE: P.SOCIAL
Mentor young generation and contributes to society vs self-centredness
generativity vs stagnation
time frame in a person’s life that is characterised by certain features
developmental period
Results from the interaction of people over many years
culture
Characteristic based on heritage, nationality characteristics, race, religion, and language
ethnicity
show greater than average decline as they age through the adult year
ex: mild cognitive impairment, develop Alzheimer disease later on
pathological aging
settings are also influenced by economical, social, cultural factors. true or false
true
in Phallic stage, sexual interest is repressed. T/F
F; latency stage
between a social setting which the individual does not actively participate in
exo// sehun so pogi <3
Yung age mo 50 ka but you dont look 50 tas yung reason mo is cuz you dont keep negativity in your life you have self regulation and dahil don wla kang maraming stress sk yung stress hindi nagpapakita sa skin mo kaya wla kang wrinkles
psychological age
We can go beyond our genetic inheritance and the environment given to us
brain shapes culture
co construction of biology, culture, and individual
more successfully an individual resolves each crisis, the healthier development will be. T/F
T
Person’s position within society based on occupational, economical, and educational characteristics
socioeconomic status
type of process in nonnormative age-related: retired from work
environmental processes
Psychologist and neuroscientist will view why the cause of depression occurs
multidisciplinary
we develop in psychosocial stages rather than psychosexual sabi ni erikson. T/F
T
Influence by biology evolution of human during a certain period of time
Ethological Theory - Konrad Lorenz
feeling of having done nothing to help the next generation
stagnation
EE: P.SOCIAL
child free to explore and play and socialize; preschool years
initiative vs guilt
supportive parents will lead to sense of control. T/F
T
compares aspects of two or more cultures. Tells us which development is similar, universal, across cultures, and culture specific
cross-cultural studies
differences in the ability to control resources and to participate in society’s rewards produce equal opportunities
false; unequal opportunities
CDT: JP
egocentrism; yung bata sarili lng iisipin, di pa understand yung sharing cannot see beyond themselves
preoperational
distinct changes. May pauses in between, abrupt changes in between and distinct. Toddler to childhood, very distinct from dati di ka nagsasalita to now na ang daldal mo na. Focus on the quality of change rather than the quantity
discontinuous development
Psychosexual Stages - Sexual Zones. T/F
F
examines connections between socioemotional processes, development, and the brain
development social neuroscience
S.F. theory is accurate. T/F
F
5 theories of development
psychoanalytic, cognitive, behavioural and social cognitive, ecological, ethological, ecological
type of influence based on a particular age group
normative age-related influences
tinuruan mo ng technique para matuto tas marunong na
Assisted Learning
Some dimensions may expand and others shrink
Iba iba yung contexto kung pano tayo naggrogrow
multidirectional
ecological theory - urie bronfenbrenner
individual, micro, meso, exo, macro, chrono
type of process in normative age-related: formal education at young age, moving out at 18
sociocultural factors
CDT: JP
object permanence; alam na ang object is there talaga, peak a boo
senosrimotor
consequences produce changes in behaviour
operant conditioning
Chronological age is the only way the measure age. T/F
F, NOT the only way
EE: P.SOCIAL
child encounters rules
autonomy vs shame and doubt
3 dimensions: anatomy, physiological changes, genetics, dna
biological
Not stage like, develop gradually increasing capacity for processing information
information processing skill theory
connectedness with other and social roles individuals adopt
social age
3 dimensions: self-esteem, emotional regulation, response to other’s emotions
socioemotional
contextual: menopause
normative age-related
specific assumptions and predictions that can be tested
hypotheses
few aspects of our development are more central to our identity and gender. T/F
F, more central to our IDENTITY AND SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS, not gender
3 Developmental patterns of Aging: peak at early middle age, stable until late 50s, and declines through 80s
Normal aging
4 steps of scientific method
conceptualize, collect data, analyze, and conclude
Recent studies showed strong ethnic affiliation served a protective function in reducing risk for psychiatric problems. true or false
true
Influences of lifestyle and psychological states on health
health and wellbeing
in the stage of industry vs inferiority, mastering of intellectual skills are the only focus and not extracurricular activities/hobbies. T/F
F; not just school but also activities like house chores or sports and not being too sheltered
type of theory: How to organize and adapt thoughts
cognitive development theory - Jean Piaget
there is no age that dominates. T/F
T, lifelong
Different disciplines (occupations) will view certain situations differently
multidisciplinary
Nature of development
behaviour, pano ka pinalaki l, first 7 yrs of a child, their personality is like clay minomold pa lang kaya dpt dun na turuin yung core values.
Other people are shy, other people get sad very fast, ladies very mabilis masungit while men ang babagal kumilos
socioemotional
the behavioural and social cognitive theories emphasize continuity in development. and says that development occurs in a stage like fashion. T/F
T,F; not in a stage like fashion
ethological theory
ethological theory of attachment - john bowlby
ethological theory - konrad lorenz
ethnic
greek: nation
positive parenting, how we are raised??
parenting and education
industry vs inferiority virtues
mastery vs inadequacy
Your capacity of change is based on how developed your brain is, socioemotional being is, etc. T/F
T (plasticity)
genes and hereditary factors; physical appearance, personality characteristics (if mom ko ganito tas dad ko ganito, edi ganito na talaga ako)
nature
individual’s adaptive capacities compared with those of other individuals of the same chronological age
psychological age
early adulthood is the endpoint. T/F
F, lifelong
