Intro to Bacte Flashcards
Provided the initial evidence that some of themicrobes in dust and air have very high heat resistance and that particularly vigorous treatment is required to destroy them
John Tyndall
Discovered Streptomycin
Selman Waksman
Ability of a microbe to produce disease in an individual
Pathogenicity
The exhibition of a characteristic inherent resistance to specific antibiotics, heavy metals, or toxins.
Resistance profiles
Are organisms recognized to cause disease in healthy immuno-competent individuals as high percentage all the time
True pathogens
The first to use a lens to observe the smallest unit of
tissues he called “cells
Robert Hooke
The ability of an organism to utilize various carbon and nitrogen sources as nutritional substrates
when grown under specific environmental conditions.
Nutritional requirements
The microbial growth patterns on artificial media as observed when inspected with the unaided eye.
Examples include the size, texture, and pigmentation of bacterial colonies.
Macroscopic morphology
method for organizing microorganisms
into groups or taxa based on similar morphologic, physiologic, and genetic traits.
Classification
Microorganisms that are commonly found on or in body sites of healthy persons
Indigenous Microbial Biota
The profiles of microorganisms established by various serologic and immunologic methods to
determine relatedness among various microbial groups.
Antigenic properties
Harbors the organism but do not present
symptoms to the disease cause by these
organisms; can only transmit
Carriers
An infection that occurs as the result of medical
treatment or procedures
Iatrogenic Infection
Developed vaccines to prevent chicken cholera, anthrax,rabies, and swine erysipelas
Louis Pasteur
most basic of the taxonomic groups and can be defined as a collection of bacterial strains that share common physiologic and genetic features and differ notably from other microbial species.
Species
Heating liquids to 63 – 65°C for 30 minutes or 73 – 75°C for 15 seconds
Pasteurization
Disproved theory of spontaneous generation/
Abiogenesis
Louis Pasteur
Growth of microbiota in or on a body site without the production of damage or notable symptoms
Colonization
The ability of an organism to grow at various temperatures, in the presence of oxygen and other gases, at various pH levels, or in the presence of other ions and salts, such as NaCl.
Environmental
requirements
based on features beyond the genetic level, including both readily observable characteristics and features that may require extensive analytic
procedures to be detected.
Phenotypic characteristics
Bacillus anthrasis; True pathogen or Opportunist?
True pathogen
relative ability of a microorganism to cause
disease or the degree of pathogenicity
Virulence
Relationship of Proteus mirabilis to the gastrointestinal tract where This species is benefiting from living in the tract buti ts not causing harm to human body
Commensalism
Refers to the various mechanism that the organism use to persist in the host and cause disease
Virulence Factors
Vaccination (smallpox vaccine)
Edward Jenner
The first person to observe and accurately describe microorganisms (bacteria & protozoa) called “animalcules” (little animals)
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Developments of chemotherapy
Paul Ehrlich
“Father of Hand Hygiene”; Hand washing; infection control
Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis
Objects or inanimate objects that are contaminated with the infectious agents and may
transmit the disease as a result of contact
Fomites
Molecular constituents of the cell that are typical of a particular taxon, or organism group, as established by various analytic methods. Some examples include cell wall components, components of the cell membrane, and enzymatic content of the microbial cell.
Subcellular properties
micribiota that Colonizes for a long time
Resident microbiota
The size, shape, intracellular inclusions, cellular appendages, and arrangement of cells when
observed with the aid of microscopic magnification
Microscopic morphology
animal diseases that can infect humans and are
transmitted through animal contact
Zoonoses
The ability of an organism to reproducibly stain a particular color with the application of specific dyes and reagents.
Staining characteristics
Relationship of Lactobacilli found in the female genitourinary tract
Symbiosis
First proposed the use of agar in culture media
Fanne Eilshemius Hesse
relate to an organism’s genetic makeup, including
the nature of the organism’s genes and
constituent nucleic acids
Genotypic characteristics
Can only cause disease when the immune system is compromised
Opportunists
environmental isolates that live in extreme environments such as high salt concentrations,jet fuel, or extreme temperatures.
Archaea
Virulence factor of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in attaching to th egenital tract of ahuman
Adhesion pili
