General Practice Test Flashcards
product of transcription
mRNA strand
sterilization process that should be employed for laboratory culture medium
moist heat
product of replication
Two complementary DNA strands
True or False: The pentose phosphate pathway is the alternative to Entner-Doudoroff
pathway by some heterolactic bacteria like Brucella species
False (Its an alternative to EMP)
True or False: Substrate level phosphorylation involves the donation of phosphate from the substrate to ADP.
True
True or False: Entner-Doudoroff Pathway is a metabolic pathway utilize by oxidative
organisms to utilize glucose in the formation of ATP
true
precursor metabolite for initiating pentose phosphate pathway
Glucose
The spores of Bacillus subtilis var. globigii should be killed to determine the efficacy of which sterilant
Ethylene oxide
True or False: Alcohols are effective even in the presence of organic material.
False
True or False: Phenolics are components of germicidal soaps
True
Proposed the practice of washing hands with chlorinated lime solutions
Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis
True or False: In establishing the case definition, the microbiology laboratory must first isolate the only causative organism involve in the outbreak
True
true or False: An epidemiologic curve is an important visual aid in outbreak investigation
True
True or False: Previous unrecognized cases, even if they fit the case definition shall not be included in this outbreak if they did not occur at the time of the outbreak
false
How do we sterilize test tubes, volumetric pipets and glass slides in the laboratory
dry heat
It remains active in the presence of organic matter and does not coagulate
protein material.
glutaraldehyde/ peraceticacid
True or False: Clostridium perfringens is an organism whose toxins cause diarrhea
associated with health care infections.
False
true or False: Enterococci are pathogens of
concern in HAIs because of their possible resistance to vancomycin and their
potential ability to pass that resistance on to other bacteria.
True
True or False: mbulatory
care settings include a variety of different locations thus in these settings,
commonly encountered microorganisms of infection control importance also
varies.
False
bacteria that may employ glycolysis to convert metabolites
E. coli
True or False: The product of transduction is a recombination of the DNA of cells
previously infected by the phage.
True
True or False: : In plasmid conjugation, all of the plasmids
are transferred via the intercellular bridge
False (transferred through conjugative bridge)
Method of sterilization for HEPA filters
formaldehyde gas
Capable of self-replication
Episomes
structure that is only present in Gram negative bacteria only
Porins
S. epidermidis is a bacterium that is part of the skin’s microbiota. The host -
relationship with this organism can be described as
Symbiotic
An intermediate metabolite in the two major metabolic pathways.
Pyruvate
Common target of antimicrobial activity
Cell wall
True or False: The origin of replication is an area determined by initiation proteins
containing approximately approximately 500 base pairs.
False (300 base pairs)
True or False: An anticodon
consists of triplets of nucleotide bases that encodes for a specific amino acid for
binding with the mRNA
False (codon)
True or False: Production of antisense strand is a method for silencing genes.
True
final step in translation
ribosomal site A encounters UAG codon
Certain bacteria are capable of colonization due to
Capsule
True or False: S. aureus wound
infection of a diabetic person is a manifestation of an opportunistic infection.
True
True or False: If person A is positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus and is also symptomatic,
person A can be considered a carrier
False (Carriers Harbors the organism but do not present
symptoms to the disease)
An acute carrier of S. typhi infection can live for years without manifesting the infection.
True
first step in PCR
nucleic acid extraction
Kanamycin is ineffective in this group of microorganisms.
Anaerobic Gram positive bacteria
Does not induce MLSB methylase formation
Ketolides (telithromycin)
Drugs not affected by resistance mechanisms that affect other drug classes
SXT
Fluoroquinolones targets which enzyme in Gram negative
topoisomerases II
A pivotal test in the identification schemes of Gram positive bacteria
Catalase test
What is the purpose of phenol in AFB staining?
Phenol stains the AFB bacilli red.
A key test in differentiating Pseudomonas species from Enterobacteriaceae
group.
Oxidase test
C. acnes is a Gram positive anaerobe. What antibiotics would be effective for this microbe
Lincosamides (clindamycin and lincomycin)
The drug binds to the cytoplasmic membrane and inserts its hydrophobic tail into
the membrane, disrupting the cell membrane and increasing its permeability,
specifically for Gram positive
daptomycin
Its ability to disrupt cell membrane is also toxic to human cells.
polymyxin
Mucoid colonies are associated with
capsule production
Anaerobes requires an environment devoid of oxygen for growth. Anaerobes are
examples of
Non-fastidious bacteria
The appearance of any species of Mycobacteria using a Kinyoun method of
staining:
Red bacilli against a blue background
This is considered the differential step in Gram staining
Decolorization process with Acetone/Alcohol
Only Pseudomonas aeruginosa may be resistant to the combined action of these
antimicrobial agents.
folic acid pathway inhibitor
Why is vancomycin ineffective against Gram negative bacteria?
They are unable to penetrate the cell membrane of Gram negative bacteria due to their
large molecular size
This is a type of antimicrobial employed considered more effective against
organisms that are more difficult to control in combination with the host’s
immune system.
Bactericidal
Treatment for tuberculosis infection
RNA synthesis inhibitor
Downregulation of bacterial DNA supercoiling in Gram negative bacteria
fluoroquinolones
This antibiotic is highly active against a wide variety of gram-negative and grampositive bacteria; however, its use is limited becauseof its toxicity
Chloramphenicol
20% sulfuric acid is an alternative decolorizer in which staining method?
Kinyoun stain
Blocks the P-site in translation
linezolid
