Intro Flashcards
Wheal
- hive
- sharply circumscribed skin elevation, edema of dermis
- typical of allergy
- redness due to vasodilation, goes away with diascopy
Macule
altered in color, not elevated
if >1cm = patch
Papule
solid raised lesion, distinct borders
<1cm
Plaque
elevated, flattened
>1cm
(forms from a papule)
Pustule
- elevated, with pus
- bacterial infections
- follicular (demodex, dermatophytes, bacterial)
- nonfollicular
epidermal collarettes
secondary lesion from pustules that have coalesced together. flaky top
looks like peeling sun burn
crust
dried exudate
there was a pustule (neutrophils/bacteria)
scar
healing wound, associated with allopecia, depigmentation or thinner dermis
vesicle
- clear fluid filled blister <1cm
- acute contact dermatitis, some autoimmune skin diseases
Bulla
- fluid filled blister >1cm
- burns, contact dermatitis, drug reaction, autoimmune
Nodule
firm lesion, extends into dermis or SC
Tumor
swelling/enlargement
sometimes neoplastic
Scale
flake of abnormal or compacted epithelial cells
Ulcer
vesicle/Bulla broken open
may imply full thickness loss of epidermis
Excoriations
Superficial erosion (more superficial than ulcer)
Lichenification
- thickening of skin
- secondary to chronic trauma /inflammation
(often antebrachial due to allergy)
Hyperpigmentation
commonly associated with lichenification
hyperkeratosis
thick, crusty foot pads, stratum corneum
depigmentation
loss of pigment, basement membrane affected cancer or inflam
salivary staining
he’s been licking!
