Endocrine disease

Question 1

acronym for possible causes

Answer 1

P parasite
A allergy
I Immune mediated
N neoplasia
4 refer
M microbial (bacteria, yeast, dermatophyte)
E endocrine: endogenous

Question 2

endocrine diseases usually present in _______ animals

Answer 2

middle aged

Question 3

endocrine dermatopathies

Answer 3

hypothyroidism
cushing
alopecia X

Question 4

Hypothyroidism

presentation

Answer 4

tragic expression, eeyore syndrome

Question 5

types of Hypothyroidism

Answer 5

primary (thyroid)
secondary (pituitary)
tertiary (hypothalymus)
sick euthyroid syndrome (sick so T4 is abnormally low)

Question 6

T3 v. T4

Answer 6

T4 **measured

T3 active.

Question 7

low thyroid hormone

Answer 7

growth - alopecia
protein - altered metabolism, muscle weakness
lipid - high cholesterol
carbs - altered...
blood - anemia
repro - decreased

Question 8

clinical signs of hypothyroidism

Answer 8

metabolic (lethargy, inactivity, weight gain, cold intolerance)
repro (persistent anestrus, testicular atrophy)

Question 9

dermatologic clinical signs of hypothyroidism

Answer 9

seborrhea
recurrent infections
hyperpigmentation
dry, brittle coat
alopecia

Question 10

breed predilection hypothyroidism

Answer 10

golden retriever
doberman
dachshund
great dane
poodle boxer

Question 11

alopecia/fuzzy coat
rat tail
bald nose
infected feet
seborrhea and infection

Answer 11

hypothyroid

Question 12

diagnosis hypothyroidism

Answer 12

• normochromic, normocytic, nonregenerative anemia
• inc. cholesterol & triglycerides
• dec. T4

Question 13

Advantage of FT4

Answer 13

• direct correlation with availability to tissues, rate of metabolism and excretion
• less influenced by medical conditions and drugs

Question 14

TSH

Answer 14

no rhythm in dogs
expensive, not often used
typically increased in hypothyroid

Question 15

what can be seen on skin biopsy to indicate endocrine disease?

Answer 15

hyperkeratosis and follicular keratosis

increase in telogen hair follicles

Question 16

treatment for hypothyroidism

Answer 16

synthetic T4 (L-thyroxine) 
monitor 6 hrs post dose and 6 weeks after treatment

Question 17

Cushing

Answer 17

Hyperadrenocorticism

Question 18

most common form of cushings

Answer 18

pituitary (secondary)

Question 19

clinical signs of cushings

Answer 19

**PU/PD **polyphagia, obesity, panting, lethargy, muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, pendulous abdomen

Question 20

dermatological signs of cushings

Answer 20

**comedones/ demodex**
recurrent infections
cutaneous atrophy, **thin skin
alopecia
mange
hyperpigmentation
calcinosiscutis

Question 21

r/o _____ before considering _______

Answer 21

r/o cushing before considering hypothyroidism because steroids interfere with thyroid testing

Question 22

Alopecia X

Answer 22

• aka adrenal sex hormone imbalance
  GH responsive dermatosis or psuedoCushing
• predisposed **pomeranians, miniature poodles, chow-chow, samoyeds

Question 23

clinical signs of Alopecia X

Answer 23

bilateral symmetrical trunkal (w/hyperpigmentation) alopecia (not on head or extremities)
No systemic abnormalities

Question 24

diagnosing alopecia X

Answer 24

r/o hypothyroidism and cushing

ACTH stim and sex hormone level

Question 25

Treatment for Alopecia X

Answer 25

• not necessary
• can give melatonin
• castration recommended
• methyltestosterone, ketoconazole(both toxic), Lysodren (drastic,monitor ACTH), trilostane

Question 26

Sertoli Cell Tumor

Answer 26

• bilateral symmetrical alopecia
• hyperpigmentation
• seborrhea
• gynecomastia
• otitis sometimes

Question 27

cushings in cats

Answer 27

DM, skin fragility

calcinosis cutis