Endocrine disease Flashcards
acronym for possible causes
P parasite A allergy I Immune mediated N neoplasia 4 refer M microbial (bacteria, yeast, dermatophyte) E endocrine: endogenous
endocrine diseases usually present in _______ animals
middle aged
endocrine dermatopathies
hypothyroidism
cushing
alopecia X
Hypothyroidism
presentation
tragic expression, eeyore syndrome
types of Hypothyroidism
primary (thyroid)
secondary (pituitary)
tertiary (hypothalymus)
sick euthyroid syndrome (sick so T4 is abnormally low)
T3 v. T4
T4 **measured
T3 active.
low thyroid hormone
growth - alopecia protein - altered metabolism, muscle weakness lipid - high cholesterol carbs - altered... blood - anemia repro - decreased
clinical signs of hypothyroidism
metabolic (lethargy, inactivity, weight gain, cold intolerance)
repro (persistent anestrus, testicular atrophy)
dermatologic clinical signs of hypothyroidism
seborrhea recurrent infections hyperpigmentation dry, brittle coat alopecia
breed predilection hypothyroidism
golden retriever doberman dachshund great dane poodle boxer
alopecia/fuzzy coat rat tail bald nose infected feet seborrhea and infection
hypothyroid
diagnosis hypothyroidism
- normochromic, normocytic, nonregenerative anemia
- inc. cholesterol & triglycerides
- dec. T4
Advantage of FT4
- direct correlation with availability to tissues, rate of metabolism and excretion
- less influenced by medical conditions and drugs
TSH
no rhythm in dogs
expensive, not often used
typically increased in hypothyroid
what can be seen on skin biopsy to indicate endocrine disease?
hyperkeratosis and follicular keratosis
increase in telogen hair follicles
treatment for hypothyroidism
synthetic T4 (L-thyroxine) monitor 6 hrs post dose and 6 weeks after treatment
Cushing
Hyperadrenocorticism
most common form of cushings
pituitary (secondary)
clinical signs of cushings
**PU/PD **polyphagia, obesity, panting, lethargy, muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, pendulous abdomen
dermatological signs of cushings
**comedones/ demodex** recurrent infections cutaneous atrophy, **thin skin alopecia mange hyperpigmentation calcinosiscutis
r/o _____ before considering _______
r/o cushing before considering hypothyroidism because steroids interfere with thyroid testing
Alopecia X
- aka adrenal sex hormone imbalance
GH responsive dermatosis or psuedoCushing - predisposed **pomeranians, miniature poodles, chow-chow, samoyeds
clinical signs of Alopecia X
bilateral symmetrical trunkal (w/hyperpigmentation) alopecia (not on head or extremities)
No systemic abnormalities
diagnosing alopecia X
r/o hypothyroidism and cushing
ACTH stim and sex hormone level
Treatment for Alopecia X
- not necessary
- can give melatonin
- castration recommended
- methyltestosterone, ketoconazole(both toxic), Lysodren (drastic,monitor ACTH), trilostane
Sertoli Cell Tumor
- bilateral symmetrical alopecia
- hyperpigmentation
- seborrhea
- gynecomastia
- otitis sometimes
cushings in cats
DM, skin fragility
calcinosis cutis
