INTERNAL LOWER FACE Flashcards
ORAL VESTIBULE
space between teeth/gingivae and the lips and cheeks
WHAT MUSCLE FORMS THE FLOOR OF THE MOUTH AND WHERE DO BOTH SIDES JOIN
formed by the mylohyoid muscles that join in the midline at the mylohyoid raphe
WHAT MUSCLES ATTACH TO THE INFERIOR MENTAL SPINE AND FORM PART OF THE FLOOR OF THE MOUTH
geniohyoids - they sit superior to the mylohyoids either side of the midline
WHAT SEPARATES THE ANTERIOR 2/3 AND POSTERIOR 1/3 OF TONGUE
terminal sulcus
MIDLINE GROOVE (OF TONGUE)
divides anterior section into L and R
SUBLINGUAL CARUNCLE
opening of sublingual duct found inferior to tongue
also known as sublingual papilla
WHERE ARE THE DEEP LINGUAL VEINS FOUND
on either side of the frenulum of the tongue
deep lingual veins and sublingual folds overly the sublingual glands
WHAT SEPARATES L AND R TONGUE MUSCLES
sagittal septum
both intrinsic and extrinsic are separated by this
FUNCTION OF INTRINSIC TONGUE MUSCLES
alter shape and size of tongue
attachments are entirely within tongue no bony attachments involved
FUNCTION OF EXTRINSIC TONGUE MUSCLES
move the tongue e.g protrude, retract, elevate and depress
WHAT ARE THE INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE
superior longitudanal
inferior longitudanal
vertical
transverse
WHAT ARE THE EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE
genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus
FUNCTION OF SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR LONGITUDANAL MUSCLES OF TONGUE
intrinsic muscles - make tongue short and thick
GENIOGLOSSUS
found superior to geniohyoid muscles
originates from superior mental spines of mandible
inferior fibres attach to hyoid and superior fibres blend with intrinsic muscles
protrudes tongue
HYOGLOSSUS
found lateral to genioglossus muscles
originates from greater horn of hyoid and fibres blend with intrinsic muscles on lateral aspects of tongue
important for depressing sides of tongue
STYLOGLOSSUS
originates from styloid process
fibres blend with intrinsic muscles and fibres of hyoglossus
elevates and retracts tongue
PALATOGLOSSUS
Muscle of tongue AND soft palate
originates from palatine aponeurosis and fibres pass inferiorly to blend with intrinsic muscles of lateral tongue
WHAT INNERVATES TONGUE MUSCLES
All CN XII except palatoglossus which is CN X
WHAT GIVES GENERAL SENSATION TO TONGUE
anterior 2/3 = CN V3 via lingual nerve
posterior 1/3 = glossopharyngeal CN IX
WHAT GIVES SPECIAL SENSATION TO TONGUE I.E TASTE
anterior 2/3 = CN VII via chorda tympani
posterior 1/3 = CN IX glossopharyngeal
ARTERIAL AND VENOUS DRAINAGE OF TONGUE
arterial supply = lingual artery (branch of ECA)
venous drainage = deep lingual and dorsal lingual veins (both drain into IJV)
WHERE DOES THE LINGUAL ARTERY ENTER THE TONGUE
between hyoglossus and genioglossus
WHERE DO THE LINGUAL AND HYPOGLOSSAL NERVES ENTER THE TONGUE
external surface of hyoglossus
WHAT PORTION OF THE GLAND DOES THE SUBMANDIBULAR DUCT ARISE FROM
the portion that lies between the mylohyoid and hyoglossus
WHAT NERVE LOOPS UNDER THE SUBMANDIBULAR DUCT
lingual
WHAT ARTERY SUPPLIES THE SUBLINGUAL AND SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS
submental
lingual also by sublingual
WHAT VEIN DRAINS THE SUBMANDIBULAR AND SUBLINGUAL GLANDS
submental
WHAT FASCIA ENCLOSES THE SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND
deep investing cervical fascia
WHERE IS THE SUBLINGUAL GLANDS FOUND
paired gland found in the sublingual fossa of the mandible superior to mylhyoid line - between mandible and genioglossus
PARASYMPATHETIC INNERVATION OF THE SUBMANDIBULAR AND SUBLINGUAL GLANDS
From CN VII
preganglionic parasympathetic fibres originate in superior salvatory nucleus and travel with chorda tympani towards lingual nerve
Fibres synapse in submandibular ganglion then postsynaptic fibres make their way to the glands eithe rvia lingual nerve or without a nerve
SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION OF THE SUBLINGUAL AND SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS
comes from the superior cervical ganglia
SUBLINGUAL DUCTS
sublingual ducts are numerous and drain into oral cavity via openings in the sublingual folds
SUBMANDIBULAR DUCT
arises from portion of gland that lies inbetween hylohyoid and hyoglossus muscles, duct runs anteriorly opening into one of 3 orifices beside the sublingual papilla’s either side of the frenulum of the tongue
MINOR SALIVARY GLANDS LOCATION
found diffusely embedded throughout submucosa of oral cavity
buccal , palatine , labial and lingual
MINOR SALIVARY GLAND INNERVATION
above oral fissure - CN VII
below oral fissure - CN VII and CN V3
MUMPS
viral infection seeing painful swelling of salivary glands - usually parotid
painful due to capsule
SIALOTHIASIS (SALIVARY STONES/CALCULI)
stones that block salivary ducts
pain , swelling and lack of salivation
submandibular most common as duct runs anterior/ superior
PTYALISM (EXCESSIVE SALIVATION)
occurs before vomiting but also assosciated with some diseases
