FACE Flashcards
WHAT ARE THE 5 MAJOR FACIAL MUSCLES AND WHAT ARCH ARE THEY DERIVED FROM
buccinator
orbicularis oris
orbicularis oculi
occipitofrontalis
platysma
all derived from 2nd pharyngeal arch
DESCRIBE THE INFRATEMPORAL PORTION OF THE FACIAL NERVE
- how it exits brainstem
- how it enters skull
- roots fuse to form…
- first two branches
- how it exits skull
- leaves pons as two roots - motor and sensory/parasympathetic
- both roots enter skull via internal acoustic meatus and into facial canal
- roots fuse to form genticulate ganglion
- greater petrosal nerve branches (parasympathetic innervation to nasal and lacrimal gland)
- travels down canal and gives off nerve to stapedius and chorda tympani
- exits skull via stylomastoid foramen
DESCRIBE THE EXTRATEMPORAL PORTION OF THE FACIAL NERVE
- 2 branches given off - posterior auricular and digastric
- enters parotid gland and forms parotid giving rise to 5 terminal branches
temporal , zygomatic , buccal , marginal mandibular and cervical
WHAT DOES THE TEMPORAL BRANCH OF CN VII SUPPLY
orbicularis oculi and frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
WHAT DOES THE ZYGOMATIC BRANCH OF CN VII SUPPLY
orbicularis oculi
WHAT DOES THE BUCCAL BRANCH OF CN VII SUPPLY
buccinator and orbicularis oris
WHAT DOES THE MARGINAL MANDIBULAR BRANCH OF CN VII SUPPLY
orbicularis oris
WHAT DOES THE CERVICAL BRANCH OF CN VII SUPPLY
platysma
WHAT NERVE INNERVATES THE OCCIPITAL BELLY OF OCCIPITOFRONTALIS
posterior auricular - branch of facial nerve before it enters parotid
WHAT CONNECTS THE FRONTAL AND OCCIPITAL BELLIES OF OCCIPITOFRONTALIS
shared tendon known as epicranial aponeurosis (3rd layer of scalp)
FUNCTION OF OCCIPITOFRONTALIS
retract scalp and wrinkle forehead
WHAT ARE THE 2 PARTS OF ORBICULARIS OCULI
palpebral - eyelids
orbital - surrounding
FUNCTION OF ORBICULARIS OCULI
palpebral part - closes lids gently
orbital part - closes lids tightly
ORIGIN AND INSERTION OF PALPEBRAL PART OF ORBICULARIS OCULI
origin - medial palpebral ligament
insertion - lateral palpebral raphe
ORIGIN AND INSERTION OF ORBITAL PART OF ORBICULARIS OCULI
origin - nasal part of frontal bone , frontal process of maxilla and medial palpebral ligament
insertion - skin around margin of orbit
FUNCTION OF ORBICULARIS ORIS
sphincter muscle acting to open close and protrude lips
ORIGIN AND INSERTION OF ORBICULARIS ORIS
origin - buccinator, medial mandible and maxilla
insertion - mucous membrane of lips
ORIGIN AND INSERTION OF BUCCINATOR
origin - alveolar processes of mandible and maxilla and pterygomandibular raphe
insertion - orbicularis oris
WHERE IS THE BUCCINATOR FOUND
in the cheek , lies deep to masseter and parotid gland
WHERE IS PAROTID DUCT FOUND
leaves parotid and runs superficial to masseter before piercing buccinator and entering oral cavity
FUNCTION OF PLATYSMA
tesnes skin of neck and inferior face
depresses mandible
ORIGIN AND INSERTION OF PLATYSMA
origin - subcutaneous tissues of infra and subclavicular tissues
insertion - base of mandible
DILATORS
group of muscles that radiate from lips and angles of mouth
act to widen mouth or lift or depress corners
MODIOLUS
cause of dimples
mixing of various muscle fibres lateral to mouth angles
ARTERIAL SUPPLY TO FACIAL MUSCLES
main source is facial artery but also maxillary and superficial temporal
TARSUS
layer of eyelid providing support
NAME 3 STRUCTURES EMBEDDED WITHIN THE PAROTID GLAND
parotid plexus of facial nerve
retromandibular vein
ECA
WHAT NERVE SUPPLIES PARASYMPATHETIC INNERVATION TO THE PAROTID GLAND
glossopharyngeal
POSSIBLE SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR BELLS PALSY THAT DOES NOT FADE
gold weight in eyelid to aid closure
