Interior of the Heart Flashcards
Which side of the heart receives oxygenated blood
Left atrium
What is the auricle
Atrias
Why is the left atrium not visible in the situ position
Due to it is postponed at the back of the heart
What side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood
Right atrium via superior and inferior vena cava
Besides the vena cava what other vessel drains into the right atrium
Coronary sinus
define pectinate muscles
Parallel ridges on the wall of the heart
Define crista terminalis
Behind the right atrium internal smooth muscle.
What is the defect between the right and left atria in the foetal heart
Foramen ovale
What is the purpose of the foreman ovale in the foetus
It allows the oxygenated blood to come from the umbillical veins via inferior vena cava bypass pulmonary circulation
Shunt oxygenated blood from right to left atria.
What happens to the foreman ovale after birth.
It closes after birth when the lungs become functional
How does the left and right ventricles differ
Differ in shape as right vernticle is more triangular and left ventricular is more thicker
What are the trabeculae carneae
Muscular columns which project the inner surface of the right and left ventricles
Where can you find the tricuspid valves
Between right atrium and ventricles
Where can you find the mitral valves
Between left atrium and ventricles
What are the chord tendineae
Tough tendinous strands that hold atrioventricular valves in place
What is the role of papillary muscles
Attach to the cusps of the atrioventicular valved via the chordineae tenidnae and contract to allow prolapsed of valves
Define incompetence in the heart
When valves dont close properly
Define stenosis
valves become narrowed which affects ability to open and allow blood to flow through.
How does tricuspid regurgitation affect the heart
Causes back flow of blood into the right atrium when right ventricular contracts
How does mitral stenosis affect the heart
Volume of blood brings oxygen brings oxygen from lungs to be reduced.
Where are the aortic sinuses
ascending aorta
How does aortic stenosis affect the heart
reduced blood flow to the aorta
How does ASD arise
It occurs in the right and left atria as they fail to communicate to close when the heart is developing. It causes the oxygenated blood to flow from the left atria to the right atrium causing it to enlarge and weaken
How does VSD arise
When the septum fails to form and causes mixing of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood
